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a/ A = 2x2 + y2 - 2xy - 2x + 3
= (x2 - 2xy + y2) + (x2 - 2x + 1) + 2
= (x - y)2 + (x - 1)2 + 2\(\ge2\)
\(A=2x^2+y^2-2xy-2x+3\)
\(A=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+2\)
\(A=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+2\)
Mà \(\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\forall x;y\)
\(\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge2\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi :
\(\hept{\begin{cases}x-y=0\\x-1=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y=1\\x=1\end{cases}}\)
Vậy Min A = 2 khi x=y=1
\(A=x^2-2xy+2y^2+2x-10y+2033\\ =x^2-2xy+y^2+y^2+2x-8y-2y+1+16+2016\\ =\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(2x-2y\right)+1+\left(y^2-8y+16\right)+2016\\ =\left(x-y\right)^2+2\left(x-y\right)+1+\left(y-4\right)^2+2016\\ =\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+2\left(x-y\right)+1\right]+\left(y-4\right)^2+2016\\ =\left(x-y+1\right)^2+\left(y-4\right)^2+2016\\ Do\text{ }\left(y-4\right)^2\ge0\forall y\\ \left(x-y+1\right)^2\ge0\forall x;y\\ \Rightarrow\left(x-y+1\right)^2+\left(y-4\right)^2\ge0\forall x;y\\ \Rightarrow A=\left(x-y+1\right)^2+\left(y-4\right)^2+2016\ge2016\forall x;y\\ Dấu\text{ }''=''\text{ }xảy\text{ }ra\text{ }khi:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(y-4\right)^2=0\\\left(x-y+1\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y-4=0\\x-y+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=4\\x-4+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=4\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\\ Vậy\text{ }A_{\left(Min\right)}=2016\text{ }khi\text{ }\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
A=2x2+y2-2xy-2x+3
= (x2-2xy+y2)+(x2-2x+1)+2
= (x-y)2+(x-1)2 +2
do (x-y)2 ≥ 0 ∀ x,y
(x-1)2 ≥ 0 ∀ x
=> (x-y)2+(x-1)2 +2 ≥ 2
=> A ≥ 2
nimA=2 dấu "=" xảy ra khi
x-y=0
x-1=0
=> x=y=1
vậy nimA =2 khi x=y=1
a: \(A=x^2-3x+\dfrac{9}{4}-\dfrac{5}{4}=\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{5}{4}>=-\dfrac{5}{4}\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=3/2
c: \(x^2-x+2=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{7}{4}>=\dfrac{7}{4}\)
=>\(\dfrac{3}{\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{7}{4}}< =3:\dfrac{7}{4}=\dfrac{12}{7}\)
=>C>=-12/7
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=1/2
\(G=x^2+2y^2-2xy+2x-10y\)
\(G=\left(x^2+y^2+1-2xy+2x-2y\right)+\left(y^2-8y+16\right)-17\)
\(G=\left(x-y+1\right)^2+\left(y-4\right)^2-17\ge-17\)
Vậy GTNN của G là -17 khi x = 3; y = 4
Lời giải:
a) \(A=x^2+2y^2-2xy+2x-10y\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=(x-y+1)^2+(y-4)^2-17\)
Ta thấy \((x-y+1)^2; (y-4)^2\geq 0\Rightarrow A\geq -17\)
Vậy \(A_{\min}=-17\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(\left\{\begin{matrix} x-y+1=0\\ y-4=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x=3\\ y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)
\(B=x^2+6y^2+14z^2-8yz+6xz-4xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B=(x-2y+3z)^2+2y^2+5z^2+4yz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B=(x-2y+3z)^2+2(y+z)^2+z^2\)
Ta thấy \((x-2y+3z)^2; (y+z)^2; z^2\geq 0\forall x,y,z\in\mathbb{R}\)
\(\Rightarrow B\geq 0\Leftrightarrow B_{\min}=0\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(\left\{\begin{matrix} x-2y+3z=0\\ y+z=0\\ z=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=0\)
Ta có: \(A=x^2-2xy+2y^2+2x-10y+17\)
\(=x^2-2xy+y^2+y^2+2x-2y-8y+1+16\)
\(=\left(x^2+y^2+1-2xy+2x-2y\right)+\left(y^2-8y+16\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y+1\right)^2+\left(y-4\right)^2\)
Ta có: \(\left(x-y+1\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\)
\(\left(y-4\right)^2\ge0\forall y\)
Do đó: \(\left(x-y+1\right)^2+\left(y-4\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-y+1\right)^2=0\\\left(y-4\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y+1=0\\y-4=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-4+1=0\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-3=0\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: Giá trị nhỏ nhất của biểu thức \(A=x^2-2xy+2y^2+2x-10y+17\) là 0 khi x=3 và y=4