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1)
Ta có: x+y=2
nên \(\left(x+y\right)^2=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+2xy=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2xy=2\)
hay xy=1
Ta có: \(x^3+y^3\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=2^3-3\cdot1\cdot2\)
=2
2)\(x^2+y^2=\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy=8^2-2\cdot\left(-20\right)=104\)
\(x^3+y^3=\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)=8^3-3\cdot\left(-20\right)\cdot8=512+480=992\)
\(x^2+y^2+xy=\left(x+y\right)^2-xy=8^2-\left(-20\right)=64+20=84\)
a: Ta có: \(\left(x+y\right)^2\)
\(=x^2+2xy+y^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2xy}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}\forall x,y>0\)
a) \(\left(x-5\right)^2=\left(3+2x\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3+2x\right)^2-\left(x-5\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3+2x+x-5\right)\left(3+2x-x+5\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3x-2\right)\left(x+8\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x-2=0\\x+8=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{3}\\x=-8\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(27x^3-54x^2+36x=9\)
\(\Rightarrow27x^3-54x^2+36x-9=0\)
\(\Rightarrow27x^3-54x^2+36x-8+8-9=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3x-2\right)^3-1=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3x-2-1\right)\left[\left(3x-2\right)^2+3x-2+1\right]=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3x-3\right)\left[\left(3x-2\right)^2+3x-2+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{4}+1\right]=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3x-3\right)\left[\left(3x-2+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\right]=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3x-3\right)\left[\left(3x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\right]=0\left(1\right)\)
mà \(\left(3x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}>0,\forall x\)
\(\left(1\right)\Rightarrow3x-3=0\Rightarrow3x=3\Rightarrow x=1\)
(\(x-5\))2 = (3 +2\(x\))2 ⇒ \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-5=3+2x\\x-5=-3-2x\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-8\\x=\dfrac{2}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\) vậy \(x\in\){-8; \(\dfrac{2}{3}\)}
27\(x^3\) - 54\(x^2\) + 36\(x\) = 9
27\(x^3\) - 54\(x^2\) + 36\(x\) - 8 = 1
(3\(x\) - 2)3 = 1 ⇒ 3\(x\) - 2 = 1 ⇒ \(x\) = 1
(x - 5)² = (3 + 2x)²
(x - 5)² - (3 + 2x)² = 0
[(x - 5) - (3 + 2x)][(x - 5) + (3 + 2x)] = 0
(x - 5 - 3 - 2x)(x - 5 + 3 + 2x) = 0
(-x - 8)(3x - 2) = 0
-x - 8 = 0 hoặc 3x - 2 = 0
*) -x - 8 = 0
-x = 8
x = -8
*) 3x - 2 = 0
3x = 2
x = 2/3
Vậy x = -8; x = 2/3
--------------------
27x³ - 54x² + 36x = 9
27x³ - 54x² + 36x - 9 = 0
27x³ - 27x² - 27x² + 27x + 9x - 9 = 0
(27x³ - 27x²) - (27x² - 27x) + (9x - 9) = 0
27x²(x - 1) - 27x(x - 1) + 9(x - 1) = 0
(x - 1)(27x² - 27x + 9) = 0
x - 1 = 0 hoặc 27x² - 27x + 9 = 0
*) x - 1 = 0
x = 1
*) 27x² - 27x + 9 = 0
Ta có:
27x² - 27x + 9
= 27(x² - x + 1/3)
= 27(x² - 2.x.1/2 + 1/4 + 1/12)
= 27[(x - 1/2)² + 1/12] > 0 với mọi x ∈ R
⇒ 27x² - 27x + 9 = 0 (vô lí)
Vậy x = 1
A = x² + y²
= x² - 2xy + y² + 2xy
= (x - y)² + 2xy
= 4² + 2.1
= 16 + 2
= 18
B = x³ - y³
= (x - y)(x² + xy + y²)
= (x - y)(x² - 2xy + y² + xy + 2xy)
= (x - y)[(x - y)² + 3xy]
= 4.(4² + 3.1)
= 4.(16 + 3)
= 4.19
= 76
C = x⁴ + y⁴
= (x²)² + (y²)²
= (x²)² + 2x²y² + (y²)² - 2x²y²
= (x² + y²)² - 2x²y²
= (x² - 2x²y² + y² + 2x²y²)² - 2x²y²
= [(x - y)² + 2x²y²]² - 2x²y²
= (4² + 2.1²)² - 2.1²
= (16 + 2)² - 2
= 18² - 2
= 324 - 2
= 322
\(pt< =>\left(x-y\right)^2+xy=\left(x-y\right)\left(xy+2\right)+9\)
\(< =>\left(y-x\right)\left(xy+2+y-x\right)+xy+2+y-x-\left(y-x\right)=11\)
\(< =>\left(y-x+1\right)\left(xy+2+y-x\right)-\left(y-x+1\right)=10\)
\(< =>\left(x-y+1\right)\left(x-y-1-xy\right)=10\)
đến đây giải hơi bị khổ =))
\(x^5+y^5=\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x^3+y^3\right)-x^2y^3-x^3y^2\)
\(=\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x^3+y^3\right)-\left(xy\right)^2\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=10.26-\left(-3\right)^2.2=...\)
(x+y)5=32
⇔ x5+5x4y+10x3y2+10x2y3+5xy4+y5 = 32
⇔ x5+y5 = 32-5xy(x3+y3)-10x2y2(x+y)
= 32-5.(-3).26-10.(-3)2.2
= 242
6: \(-x^2y\left(xy^2-\dfrac{1}{2}xy+\dfrac{3}{4}x^2y^2\right)\)
\(=-x^3y^3+\dfrac{1}{2}x^3y^2-\dfrac{3}{4}x^4y^3\)
7: \(\dfrac{2}{3}x^2y\cdot\left(3xy-x^2+y\right)\)
\(=2x^3y^2-\dfrac{2}{3}x^4y+\dfrac{2}{3}x^2y^2\)
8: \(-\dfrac{1}{2}xy\left(4x^3-5xy+2x\right)\)
\(=-2x^4y+\dfrac{5}{2}x^2y^2-x^2y\)
9: \(2x^2\left(x^2+3x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)=2x^4+6x^3+x^2\)
10: \(-\dfrac{3}{2}x^4y^2\left(6x^4-\dfrac{10}{9}x^2y^3-y^5\right)\)
\(=-9x^8y^2+\dfrac{5}{3}x^6y^5+\dfrac{3}{2}x^4y^7\)
11: \(\dfrac{2}{3}x^3\left(x+x^2-\dfrac{3}{4}x^5\right)=\dfrac{2}{3}x^3+\dfrac{2}{3}x^5-\dfrac{1}{2}x^8\)
12: \(2xy^2\left(xy+3x^2y-\dfrac{2}{3}xy^3\right)=2x^2y^3+6x^3y^3-\dfrac{4}{3}x^2y^5\)
13: \(3x\left(2x^3-\dfrac{1}{3}x^2-4x\right)=6x^4-x^3-12x^2\)
Theo giả thiết, ta có:
\(x^3+y^3=4028\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^3+y^3}{x^2-xy+y^2}=4028\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)}{x^2-xy+y^2}=4028\Leftrightarrow x+y=4028\)
Lại có: \(x-y=2\)
nên \(x+y+x-y=4028+2\Leftrightarrow2x=4030\Leftrightarrow x=2015\)
Dễ dàng suy ra được \(y=2013\)
Vậy, \(x=2015;y=2013\)