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Bài 3:
a) Ta có: \(x^2+3x+3\)
\(=x^2+2\cdot x\cdot\frac{3}{2}+\frac{9}{4}+\frac{3}{4}\)
\(=\left(x+\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\)
Ta có: \(\left(x+\frac{3}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\ge\frac{3}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(\left(x+\frac{3}{2}\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x+\frac{3}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-3}{2}\)
Vậy: Giá trị nhỏ nhất của biểu thức \(P=x^2+3x+3\) là \(\frac{3}{4}\) khi \(x=\frac{-3}{2}\)
b) Ta có: \(Q=x^2+2y^2+2xy-2y\)
\(=x^2+2xy+y^2+y^2-2y+1-1\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2-1\)
Ta có: \(\left(x+y\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\)
\(\left(y-1\right)^2\ge0\forall y\)
Do đó: \(\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2-1\ge-1\forall x,y\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+y\right)^2=0\\\left(y-1\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0\\y-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=0\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: Giá trị nhỏ nhất của biểu thức \(Q=x^2+2y^2+2xy-2y\) là -1 khi x=-1 và y=1
Ta có: \(\frac{x^2y+2xy^2+y^3}{2x^2+xy-y^2}\)
\(=\frac{x^2y+xy^2+xy^2+y^3}{2x^2+2xy-xy-y^2}\)
\(=\frac{xy\left(x+y\right)+y^2\left(x+y\right)}{2x\left(x+y\right)-y\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(xy+y^2\right)}{\left(2x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}=\frac{xy+y^2}{2x-y}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Ta có: \(\frac{x^2+3xy+2y^2}{x^3+2x^2y-xy^2-2y^3}\)
\(=\frac{x^2+xy+2xy+2y^2}{x^2\left(x+2y\right)-y^2\left(x+2y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x\left(x+y\right)+2y\left(x+y\right)}{\left(x^2-y^2\right)\left(x+2y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+2y\right)\left(x+y\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(x+2y\right)}=\frac{1}{x-y}\left(đpcm\right)\)
A = x-y/x.(x+y) - 3x+y/x.(x-y) . (y-x)/x+y
= x-y/x.(x+y) + 3x+y/x.(x+y)
= x-y+3x+y/x.(x+y)
= 4x/x.(x+y)
= 4/x+y
Tk mk nha
\(A=\frac{x-y}{xy+y^2}-\frac{3x+y}{x^2-xy}.\frac{y-x}{x+y}\)
\(=\frac{x-y}{y\left(x+y\right)}-\frac{3x+y}{x\left(x-y\right)}.\frac{-\left(x-y\right)}{x+y}\)
\(=\frac{x-y}{y\left(x+y\right)}-\frac{-\left(3x+y\right).\left(x-y\right)}{x\left(x-y\right).\left(x-y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x-y}{y\left(x+y\right)}-\frac{-\left(3x+y\right)}{x\left(x-y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x\left(x-y\right)^2}{xy\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)}+\frac{y\left(3x+y\right)\left(x+y\right)}{xy\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+y\left(3x^2+4xy+y^2\right)}{xy\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x^4-2x^2y+xy^2+3x^2y+4xy^2+y^3}{xy\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x^4+x^2y+5xy^2+y^3}{xy\left(x^2-y^2\right)}=\frac{x^2\left(x^2+y\right)+y^2\left(5x+y\right)}{xy\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(\frac{xy}{x^2+y^2}=\frac{3}{8}\Rightarrow xy=\frac{3}{8}\left(x^2+y^2\right)\)
=>\(A=\frac{x^2+y^2+\frac{3}{4}\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{x^2+y^2-\frac{3}{4}\left(x^2+y^2\right)}=\frac{\frac{7}{4}\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{\frac{1}{4}\left(x^2+y^2\right)}=7\)
\(\frac{x+y}{x-y}.M=\frac{x^2+2xy+y^2}{x^2+xy+y^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M=\frac{x^2+2xy+y^2}{x^2+xy+y^2}.\frac{x+y}{x-y}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M=\frac{\left(x+y\right)^3}{x^3-y^3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M=\frac{x^3+3x^2y+3xy^2+y^3}{x^3-y^3}\)
Sửa:
\(pt\Leftrightarrow M=\frac{x^2+2xy+y^2}{x^2+xy+y^2}.\frac{x-y}{x+y}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M=\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2.\left(x-y\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M=\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)}{\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M=\frac{x^2-y^2}{x^2+xy+y^2}\)