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Do \(x+y+z=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-\left(y+z\right)\Rightarrow x^2=\left(y+z\right)^2\Rightarrow4yz-x^2=4yz-\left(y+z^2\right)=-\left(y-z\right)^2\)
Tương tự \(4zx-y^2=-\left(z-x\right)^2\)
\(4xy-z^2=-\left(x-y\right)^2\)
Ta lại có: \(yz+2x^2=yz+x^2-x\left(y+z\right)=yz+x^2-xy-xz=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\)
Tương tự: \(zx+2y^2=\left(y-x\right)\left(y-z\right)\)
\(xy+2z^2=\left(y-z\right)\left(y-y\right)\)
\(P=\frac{\left(4yz-x^2\right)\left(4zx-y^2\right)\left(4xy-z^2\right)}{\left(yz+2x^2\right)\left(zx+2y^2\right)\left(xy+2z^2\right)}=\frac{-\left(y-z\right)^2\left(z-x\right)^2\left(x-y^2\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(y-x\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)\left(z-y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{-\left(y-z\right)^2\left(z-x\right)^2\left(x-y\right)^2}{-\left(y-z\right)^2\left(z-x\right)^2\left(x-y\right)^2}=1\)
2.
\(4n^3+n+3=4n^3+2n^2+2n-2n^2-n-1+4=2n\left(2n^2+n+1\right)-\left(2n^2+n+1\right)+4\)-Để \(\left(4n^3+n+3\right)⋮\left(2n^2+n+1\right)\) thì \(4⋮\left(2n^2+n+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2n^2+n+1\in\left\{1;-1;2;-2;4;-4\right\}\) (do n là số nguyên)
*\(2n^2+n+1=1\Leftrightarrow n\left(2n+1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow n=0\) (loại) hay \(n=\dfrac{-1}{2}\) (loại)
*\(2n^2+n+1=-1\Leftrightarrow2n^2+n+2=0\) (phương trình vô nghiệm)
\(2n^2+n+1=2\Leftrightarrow2n^2+n-1=0\Leftrightarrow n^2+n+n^2-1=0\Leftrightarrow n\left(n+1\right)+\left(n+1\right)\left(n-1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left(n+1\right)\left(2n-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n=-1\) (loại) hay \(n=\dfrac{1}{2}\) (loại)
\(2n^2+n+1=-2\Leftrightarrow2n^2+n+3=0\) (phương trình vô nghiệm)
\(2n^2+n+1=4\Leftrightarrow2n^2+n-3=0\Leftrightarrow2n^2-2n+3n-3=0\Leftrightarrow2n\left(n-1\right)+3\left(n-1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left(n-1\right)\left(2n+3\right)=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow n=1\left(nhận\right)\) hay \(n=\dfrac{-3}{2}\left(loại\right)\)
-Vậy \(n=1\)
1. \(x^2+y^2=z^2\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2-z^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-z\right)\left(x+z\right)+y^2=0\)
-TH1: y lẻ \(\Rightarrow x-z;x+z\) đều lẻ.
\(x+3z-y=x+z-y+2x\) chia hết cho 2. \(\Rightarrow\)Hợp số.
-TH2: y chẵn \(\Rightarrow\)1 trong hai biểu thức \(x-z;x+z\) chia hết cho 2.
*Xét \(\left(x-z\right)⋮2\):
\(x+3z-y=x-z+4z-y\) chia hết cho 2. \(\Rightarrow\)Hợp số.
*Xét \(\left(x+z\right)⋮2\):
\(x+3z-y=x+z+2z-y\) chia hết cho 2 \(\Rightarrow\)Hợp số.
Lời giải:
a)
\(A=\frac{x^2y(y-x)-xy^2(x-y)}{3y^2-2x^2}=\frac{x^2y(y-x)+xy^2(y-x)}{3y^2-2x^2}=\frac{(xy^2+x^2y)(y-x)}{3y^2-2x^2}\)
\(=\frac{xy(x+y)(y-x)}{3y^2-2x^2}=\frac{xy(y^2-x^2)}{3y^2-2x^2}\)
Với $x=-3; y=\frac{1}{2}$ thì:
$xy=\frac{-3}{2}; x^2=9; y^2=\frac{1}{4}$
Do đó $A=\frac{-35}{46}$
b)
\(B=\frac{(8x^3-y^3)(4x^2-y^2)}{(2x+y)(4x^2-4xy+y^2)}=\frac{(2x-y)(4x^2+2xy+y^2)(2x-y)(2x+y)}{(2x+y)(2x-y)^2}\)
\(=4x^2+2xy+y^2=4.2^2+2.2.\frac{-1}{2}+(\frac{-1}{2})^2=\frac{57}{4}\)
Ta có: \(\left(x^2+1\right)\left(y^2+1\right)+2\left(x-y\right)\left(1-xy\right)=4\left(1+xy\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2y^2+x^2+y^2+1-2\left(x-y\right)\left(xy-1\right)=4+4xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2y^2-2xy+1\right)+\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-2\left(x-y\right)\left(xy-1\right)=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(xy-1\right)^2-2\left(x-y\right)\left(xy-1\right)+\left(x-y\right)^2=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(xy-1-x+y\right)^2=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\left(x+1\right)\left(y-1\right)\right]^2=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2\left(y-1\right)^2=4=1.4\)
Vì \(\left(x+1\right)^2;\left(y-1\right)^2\) là các SCP và đều không âm nên ta chỉ cần xét các TH sau:
TH1: \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+1\right)^2=1\\\left(y-1\right)^2=4\end{cases}}\) => \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x+1=1\\x+1=-1\end{cases}}\) và \(\orbr{\begin{cases}y-1=2\\y-1=-2\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=-2\end{cases}}\) và \(\orbr{\begin{cases}y=3\\y=-1\end{cases}}\)
TH2: \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+1\right)^2=4\\\left(y-1\right)^2=1\end{cases}}\) => \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x+1=2\\x+1=-2\end{cases}}\) và \(\orbr{\begin{cases}y-1=1\\y-1=-1\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\\x=-3\end{cases}}\) và \(\orbr{\begin{cases}y=2\\y=0\end{cases}}\)
Kết luận:...
\(\left(x^2+1\right)\left(y^2+1\right)+2\left(x-y\right)\left(1-xy\right)=4\left(1+xy\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1-2xy+x^2y^2\right)+2\left(x-y\right)\left(1-xy\right)=4+4xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1-xy\right)^2+2\left(x-y\right)\left(1-xy\right)+\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1-xy\right)^2+2\left(x-y\right)\left(1-xy\right)+\left(x-y\right)^2=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1-xy+x-y\right)^2=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\left(x+1\right)\left(1-y\right)\right]^2=2^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\left(x+1\right)\left(1-y\right)=2\\\left(x+1\right)\left(1-y\right)=-2\end{cases}}\)
Tự xét các TH