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Lời giải:
a)
$8^3:(-8)^{-5}=8^3.(-8)^5=8^3.(-8^5)=-8^3.8^5=-8^{3+5}=-8^{13}$
b)
$x^3y^4:(x^3y)=x^{3-3}.y^{4-1}=x^0.y^3=y^3$
c)
$5x^2y^4:(10x^2y)=(5:10).(x^2:x^2)(y^4:y)=\frac{1}{2}.1.y^3=\frac{1}{2}y^3$
d)
$\frac{3}{4}(xy)^3:(\frac{-1}{2}x^2y^2)$
$=(\frac{3}{4}: \frac{-1}{2})(x^3:x^2).(y^3:y^2)$
$=\frac{-3}{2}xy$
Bài 1.
a) x( 8x - 2 ) - 8x2 + 12 = 0
<=> 8x2 - 2x - 8x2 + 12 = 0
<=> 12 - 2x = 0
<=> 2x = 12
<=> x = 6
b) x( 4x - 5 ) - ( 2x + 1 )2 = 0
<=> 4x2 - 5x - ( 4x2 + 4x + 1 ) = 0
<=> 4x2 - 5x - 4x2 - 4x - 1 = 0
<=> -9x - 1 = 0
<=> -9x = 1
<=> x = -1/9
c) ( 5 - 2x )( 2x + 7 ) = ( 2x - 5 )( 2x + 5 )
<=> -4x2 - 4x + 35 = 4x2 - 25
<=> -4x2 - 4x + 35 - 4x2 + 25 = 0
<=> -8x2 - 4x + 60 = 0
<=> -8x2 + 20x - 24x + 60 = 0
<=> -4x( 2x - 5 ) - 12( 2x - 5 ) = 0
<=> ( 2x - 5 )( -4x - 12 ) = 0
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}2x-5=0\\-4x-12=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{5}{2}\\x=-3\end{cases}}\)
d) 64x2 - 49 = 0
<=> ( 8x )2 - 72 = 0
<=> ( 8x - 7 )( 8x + 7 ) = 0
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}8x-7=0\\8x+7=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{7}{8}\\x=-\frac{7}{8}\end{cases}}\)
e) ( x2 + 6x + 9 )( x2 + 8x + 7 ) = 0
<=> ( x + 3 )2( x2 + x + 7x + 7 ) = 0
<=> ( x + 3 )2 [ x( x + 1 ) + 7( x + 1 ) ] = 0
<=> ( x + 3 )2( x + 1 )( x + 7 ) = 0
<=> x = -3 hoặc x = -1 hoặc x = -7
g) ( x2 + 1 )( x2 - 8x + 7 ) = 0
Vì x2 + 1 ≥ 1 > 0 với mọi x
=> x2 - 8x + 7 = 0
=> x2 - x - 7x + 7 = 0
=> x( x - 1 ) - 7( x - 1 ) = 0
=> ( x - 1 )( x - 7 ) = 0
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\x-7=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\\x=7\end{cases}}\)
Bài 2.
a) ( x - 1 )2 - ( x - 2 )( x + 2 )
= x2 - 2x + 1 - ( x2 - 4 )
= x2 - 2x + 1 - x2 + 4
= -2x + 5
b) ( 3x + 5 )2 + ( 26x + 10 )( 2 - 3x ) + ( 2 - 3x )2
= 9x2 + 30x + 25 - 78x2 + 22x + 20 + 9x2 - 12x + 4
= ( 9x2 - 78x2 + 9x2 ) + ( 30x + 22x - 12x ) + ( 25 + 20 + 4 )
= -60x2 + 40x2 + 49
d) ( x + y )2 - ( x + y - 2 )2
= [ x + y - ( x + y - 2 ) ][ x + y + ( x + y - 2 ) ]
= ( x + y - x - y + 2 )( x + y + x + y - 2 )
= 2( 2x + 2y - 2 )
= 4x + 4y - 4
Bài 3.
A = 3x2 + 18x + 33
= 3( x2 + 6x + 9 ) + 6
= 3( x + 3 )2 + 6 ≥ 6 ∀ x
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x + 3 = 0 => x = -3
=> MinA = 6 <=> x = -3
B = x2 - 6x + 10 + y2
= ( x2 - 6x + 9 ) + y2 + 1
= ( x - 3 )2 + y2 + 1 ≥ 1 ∀ x,y
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-3=0\\y^2=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=3\\y=0\end{cases}}\)
=> MinB = 1 <=> x = 3 ; y = 0
C = ( 2x - 1 )2 + ( x + 2 )2
= 4x2 - 4x + 1 + x2 + 4x + 4
= 5x2 + 5 ≥ 5 ∀ x
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> 5x2 = 0 => x = 0
=> MinC = 5 <=> x = 0
D = -2/7x2 - 8x + 7 ( sửa thành tìm Max )
Để D đạt GTLN => 7x2 - 8x + 7 đạt GTNN
7x2 - 8x + 7
= 7( x2 - 8/7x + 16/49 ) + 33/7
= 7( x - 4/7 )2 + 33/7 ≥ 33/7 ∀ x
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x - 4/7 = 0 => x = 4/7
=> MaxC = \(\frac{-2}{\frac{33}{7}}=-\frac{14}{33}\)<=> x = 4/7
\(F=\left(x-2\right)\left(x-5\right)\left(x^2-7x-10\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-7x+10\right)\left(x^2-7x-10\right)\)
Đặt \(x^2-7x=a\)
\(F=\left(a-10\right)\left(a+10\right)=a^2-100\ge-100\)
\(\Rightarrow F_{min}=-100\Leftrightarrow x^2-7x=0\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=7\end{cases}}\)
Mình ko ghi lại đề , bạn ghi ra xong rồi suy ra như mình nha .
1) \(=>A=\left(6x^2+3x-10x-5\right)-\left(6x^2+14x-9x-21\right)\)
\(=>A=-12x+16\)
2) \(=>B=8x^3+27-8x^3+2=29\)
3)\(=>C=[\left(x-1\right)-\left(x+1\right)]^3=\left(-2\right)^3=-8\)
4)\(=>D=[\left(2x+5\right)-\left(2x\right)]^3=5^3=125\)
5)\(=>E=\left(3x+1\right)^2-\left(3x+5\right)^2+12x+2\left(6x+3\right)\)
\(=>E=\left(3x+1+3x+5\right)\left(3x+1-3x-5\right)+12x+12x+6\)
\(=>E=\left(6x+6\right)\left(-4\right)+24x+6=-24x-24+24x+6=-18\)
6)\(=>F=\left(2x^2+3x-10x-15\right)-\left(2x^2-6x\right)+x+7=-8\)
k cho mik nha ,
Bài 2:
\(A=-x^2-4x-2=-\left(x^2+4x+4\right)+2=-\left(x+2\right)^2+2\le2\)
Vậy GTLN của A là 2 khi x = -2
\(B=-2x^2-3x+5=-2\left(x^2+\dfrac{3}{2}x+\dfrac{9}{16}\right)+\dfrac{49}{8}=-2\left(x+\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{49}{8}\le\dfrac{49}{8}\)
Vậy GTLN của B là \(\dfrac{49}{8}\) khi x = \(-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
d)
$x^4+2x^3+2x^2+2x+1$
$=(x^4+2x^3+x^2)+(x^2+2x+1)$
$=(x^2+x)^2+(x+1)^2=x^2(x+1)^2+(x+1)^2$
$=(x+1)^2(x^2+1)$
e)
$x^2y+xy^2+x^2z+y^2z+2xyz$
$=xy(x+y)+z(x^2+y^2)+2xyz$
$=xy(x+y)+z(x^2+y^2+2xy)$
$=xy(x+y)+z(x+y)^2=(x+y)(xy+zx+zy)$
f)
$x^5+x^4+x^3+x^2+x+1$
$=(x^5+x^4)+(x^3+x^2)+(x+1)=x^4(x+1)+x^2(x+1)+(x+1)$
$=(x+1)(x^4+x^2+1)$
$=(x+1)[(x^4+2x^2+1)-x^2]$
$=(x+1)[(x^2+1)^2-x^2]=(x+1)(x^2+1-x)(x^2+1+x)$
a)
$x^4-2x^3+2x-1=(x^4-2x^3+x^2)-(x^2-2x+1)$
$=(x^2-x)^2-(x-1)^2$
$=x^2(x-1)^2-(x-1)^2=(x-1)^2(x^2-1)=(x-1)^2(x-1)(x+1)$
$=(x-1)^3(x+1)$
b)
$a^6-a^4+2a^3+2a^2$
$=a^4(a^2-1)+2a^2(a+1)$
$=a^4(a-1)(a+1)+2a^2(a+1)$
$=(a+1)[a^4(a-1)+2a^2]$
$=a^2(a+1)[a^2(a-1)+2]$
$=a^2(a+1)(a^3-a^2+2)=a^2(a+1)[a^2(a+1)-2(a^2-1)]$
$=a^2(a+1)[a^2(a+1)-2(a-1)(a+1)]$
$=a^2(a+1)(a+1)(a^2-2a+2)=a^2(a+1)^2(a^2-2a+2)$
c)
$x^4+x^3+2x^2+x+1$
$=(x^4+2x^2+1)+(x^3+x)$
$=(x^2+1)^2+x(x^2+1)=(x^2+1)(x^2+1+x)$
a, \(x^2+y^2-2x+6y-30\)
\(=x^2-2x+1+y^2+6y+9-40\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2-40\ge-40\)
\(min=-40\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
a)x^2+y^2-2x+6y-30=(x-1)^2+(y+3)^2-40\(\ge\) -40
dấu = xảy ra khi x=1,y=-3