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\(A=\left(x+3y-5\right)^2-6xy+27\)
\(=x^2+9y^2+25+6xy-30y-10x-6xy+27\)
\(=x^2-10x+25+9y^2-30y+25+2\)
\(=\left(x-5\right)^2+\left(3y-5\right)^2+2\)
\(\left(x-5\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\left(3y-5\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\left(x-5\right)^2+\left(3y-5\right)^2+2\ge2\)
\(MinA=2\Leftrightarrow x=5;y=\frac{5}{3}\)
\(A=\left(x+3y-5\right)^2-6xy+27\)
\(=x^2+9y^2+25+6xy-10x-30y-6xy+27\)
\(=\left(x^2-10x+25\right)+\left(9y^2-30y+25\right)+2\)
\(=\left(x-5\right)^2+\left(3y-5\right)^2+2\ge2\)
Dấu = khi \(\begin{cases}\left(x-5\right)^2=0\\\left(3y-5\right)^2=0\end{cases}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\begin{cases}x=5\\y=\frac{5}{3}\end{cases}\)
Vậy MinA=2 khi \(\begin{cases}x=5\\y=\frac{5}{3}\end{cases}\)
\(C=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2-4xy}{xy}+\dfrac{6xy}{\left(x+y\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{xy}+\dfrac{6xy}{\left(x+y\right)^2}-4\)
\(C=\dfrac{3\left(x+y\right)^2}{8xy}+\dfrac{6xy}{\left(x+y\right)^2}+\dfrac{5\left(x+y\right)^2}{8xy}-4\)
\(C\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{18xy\left(x+y\right)^2}{8xy\left(x+y\right)^2}}+\dfrac{5.4xy}{8xy}-4=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y\)
\(A=\left(x+3y-5\right)^2-6xy+26\)
\(=x^2+9y^2+25+6xy-10x-30y-6xy+26\)
\(=x^2-10x+25+9y^2-30y+25+1\)
\(=\left(x-5\right)^2+\left(3y-5\right)^2+1\)
Vì :
\(\left(x-5\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\left(3y-5\right)^2\ge0\forall y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-5\right)^2+\left(3y-5\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-5\right)^2=0\\\left(3y-5\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=5\\y=\frac{5}{3}\end{cases}}\)
Vậy \(A_{min}=1\) tại \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=5\\y=\frac{5}{3}\end{cases}}\)
Bài 2:
1: \(\left(2x-1\right)^2-4\left(2x-1\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x-1-4\right)=0\)
=>(2x-1)(2x-5)=0
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-1=0\\2x-5=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=\dfrac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
2: \(9x^3-x=0\)
=>\(x\left(9x^2-1\right)=0\)
=>x(3x-1)(3x+1)=0
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\3x-1=0\\3x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\dfrac{1}{3}\\x=-\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
3: \(\left(3-2x\right)^2-2\left(2x-3\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(2x-3\right)^2-2\left(2x-3\right)=0\)
=>(2x-3)(2x-3-2)=0
=>(2x-3)(2x-5)=0
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-3=0\\2x-5=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{3}{2}\\x=\dfrac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
4: \(\left(2x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)-10x+25=0\)
=>\(2x^2+10x-5x-25-10x+25=0\)
=>\(2x^2-5x=0\)
=>\(x\left(2x-5\right)=0\)
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\2x-5=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\dfrac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 1:
1: \(3x^3y^2-6xy\)
\(=3xy\cdot x^2y-3xy\cdot2\)
\(=3xy\left(x^2y-2\right)\)
2: \(\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+3y\right)-2\left(x-2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)\cdot\left(x+3y\right)-2\cdot\left(x-2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+3y-2\right)\)
3: \(\left(3x-1\right)\left(x-2y\right)-5x\left(2y-x\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-1\right)\left(x-2y\right)+5x\left(x-2y\right)\)
\(=(x-2y)(3x-1+5x)\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)\left(8x-1\right)\)
4: \(x^2-y^2-6y-9\)
\(=x^2-\left(y^2+6y+9\right)\)
\(=x^2-\left(y+3\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-y-3\right)\left(x+y+3\right)\)
5: \(\left(3x-y\right)^2-4y^2\)
\(=\left(3x-y\right)^2-\left(2y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(3x-y-2y\right)\left(3x-y+2y\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-3y\right)\left(3x+y\right)\)
\(=3\left(x-y\right)\left(3x+y\right)\)
6: \(4x^2-9y^2-4x+1\)
\(=\left(4x^2-4x+1\right)-9y^2\)
\(=\left(2x-1\right)^2-\left(3y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(2x-1-3y\right)\left(2x-1+3y\right)\)
8: \(x^2y-xy^2-2x+2y\)
\(=xy\left(x-y\right)-2\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(xy-2\right)\)
9: \(x^2-y^2-2x+2y\)
\(=\left(x^2-y^2\right)-\left(2x-2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-2\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y-2\right)\)
a) \(\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)-\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^3+1\right)-\left(x^3-1\right)\)
\(=x^3+1-x^3+1\)
\(=2\)
Biểu thức trên có giá trị bằng 2 với mọi x nên không phụ thuộc vào biến.
b) \(\left(2x+3y\right)\left(4x^2-6xy+9y^2\right)-\left(2x-3y\right)\left(4x^2+6xy+9y^2\right)-27\left(2y^3-1\right)\)
\(=\left(8x^3+27y^3\right)-\left(8x^3-27y^3\right)-27\left(2y^3-1\right)\)
\(=8x^3+27y^3-8x^3+27y^3-54y^3+27\)
\(=27\)
Biểu thức trên có giá trị bằng 27 với mọi x nên không phụ thuộc vào biến.
c) \(\left(x-1\right)^3-\left(x+4\right)\left(x^2-4x+16\right)+3x\left(x-1\right)\)
\(=x^3-3x^2+3x-1-x^3-64+3x^2-3x\)
\(=-65\)
Biểu thức trên có giá trị bằng -65 với mọi x nên không phụ thuộc vào biến.
d) \(\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-z\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2-3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\)
\(=x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)+\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-z\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2-3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\)
\(=2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)-2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+x^2-2xy+y^2+x^2-2xz+z^2+y^2-2yz+z^2\)
\(=2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)-2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)-2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\)
\(=0\)
Biểu thức trên có giá trị bằng 0 với mọi x nên không phụ thuộc vào biến.
Đặt bthuc = A nhé
ĐKXĐ : \(2x\ne3y\)
\(A=\left[\dfrac{2x\left(4x^2+6xy+9y^2\right)}{\left(2x-3y\right)\left(4x^2+6xy+9y^2\right)}-\dfrac{27y^3+36xy^2}{\left(2x-3y\right)\left(4x^2+6xy+9y^2\right)}-\dfrac{24xy\left(2x-3y\right)}{\left(2x-3y\right)\left(4x^2+6xy+9y^2\right)}\right]\left[\dfrac{2x\left(2x-3y\right)}{\left(2x-3y\right)}+\dfrac{9y^2+12xy}{\left(2x-3y\right)}\right]\)\(=\left[\dfrac{8x^3+12x^2y+18xy^2-27y^3-36xy^2-48x^2y+72xy^2}{\left(2x-3y\right)\left(4x^2+6xy+9y^2\right)}\right]\left[\dfrac{4x^2-6xy+9y^2+12xy}{\left(2x-3y\right)}\right]\)
\(=\dfrac{8x^3-36x^2y+36xy^2-27y^3}{\left(2x-3y\right)\left(4x^2+6xy+9y^2\right)}\cdot\dfrac{4x^2+6xy+9y^2}{2x-3y}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(2x-3y\right)^3}{\left(2x-3y\right)^2}=2x-3y\)
Với x = 1/3 ; y = -2 (tmđk) thay vào A ta được : A = 2.1/3 - 3.(-2) = 20/3