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BÀI 1:
\(a,x^2-2x-1\)
\(=x^2-2x+1-2\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2-2\)
Vì: \(\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2-2\ge-2\forall x\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi : \(\left(x-1\right)^2=0\Rightarrow x=1\)
Vậy: GTNN của bt là -2 tại x=1
\(b,4x^2+4x-5\)
\(=4x^2+4x+1-6\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)^2-6\)
Vì: \(\left(2x+1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2x+1\right)^2-6\ge-6\forall x\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(\left(2x+1\right)^2=0\Rightarrow x=-\frac{1}{2}\)
VậyGTNN của bt là -6 tại x=-1/2
BÀI 2:
\(a,2x-x^2-4\)
\(=-x^2+2x-4\)
\(=-x^2+2x-1-3\)
\(=-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-3\)
\(=-\left(x-1\right)^2-3\)
Vì: \(-\left(x-1\right)^2\le0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow-\left(x-1\right)^2-3\le-3\forall x\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi : \(-\left(x-1\right)^2=0\Rightarrow x=1\)
Vậy GTLN của bt là -3 tại x=1
b,mk chưa nghĩ ra,lúc nào mk nghĩ ra sẽ gửi lời giải cho bn
1)
a) Đặt \(A=x^2-2x+1\)
\(\Rightarrow A=x^2-2x-1=\left(x^2-2.x.1+1^2\right)-2=\left(x-1\right)^2-2\)
Ta có: \(\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2-2\ge2\forall x\)
\(A=2\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x-1=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
Vậy \(A_{min}=2\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
Câu b tương tự
2)
a) Đặt \(B=2x-x^2-4\)
\(B=2x-x^2-4=-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-3=-\left(x-1\right)^2-3\)
Ta có: \(\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\Rightarrow-\left(x-1\right)^2\le0\forall x\Rightarrow-\left(x-1\right)^2-3\le-3\forall x\)
\(B=-3\Leftrightarrow-\left(x-1\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x-1=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
Vậy\(B_{max}=-3\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
b) Đặt \(C=-x^2-4\)
Ta có: \(x^2\ge0\forall x\Rightarrow-x^2\ge0\forall x\Rightarrow-x^2-4\le-4\forall x\)
\(C=-4\Leftrightarrow-x^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=0\)
Vậy \(C_{max}=-4\Leftrightarrow x=0\)
a) Ta có: \(Q=-x^2-y^2+4x-4y+2=-\left(x^2+y^2-4x+4y-2\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^2-4x+4+y^2+4y+4\right)+10\)
\(=-\left[\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2\right]+10\le10\forall x,y\)
Vậy MaxQ=10 khi x=2, y=-2
b) +Ta có: \(A=-x^2-6x+5=-\left(x^2+6x-5\right)=-\left(x^2+6x+9-14\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^2+6x+9\right)+14=-\left(x+3\right)^2+14\le14\forall x\)
Vậy MaxA=14 khi x=-3
+Ta có: \(B=-4x^2-9y^2-4x+6y+3=-\left(4x^2+9y^2+4x-6y-3\right)\)
\(=-\left(4x^2+4x+1+9y^2-6y+1-5\right)\)
\(=-\left[\left(2x+1\right)^2+\left(3y-1\right)^2\right]+5\le5\forall x,y\)
Vậy MaxB=5 khi x=-1/2, y=1/3
c) Ta có: \(P=x^2+y^2-2x+6y+12=x^2-2x+1+y^2+6y+9+2\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2+2\ge2\forall x,y\)
Vậy MinP=2 khi x=1, y=-3
Bài 5:
a) \(A=x^2-4x+9=\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+5=\left(x-2\right)^2+5\ge5\)
\(minA=5\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
b) \(B=x^2-x+1=\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(minB=\dfrac{3}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
c) \(C=2x^2-6x=2\left(x^2-3x+\dfrac{9}{4}\right)-\dfrac{9}{2}=2\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{9}{2}\ge-\dfrac{9}{2}\)
\(minC=-\dfrac{9}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Bài 4:
a) \(M=4x-x^2+3=-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+7=-\left(x-2\right)^2+7\le7\)
\(maxM=7\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
b) \(N=x-x^2=-\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{1}{4}=-\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{4}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(maxN=\dfrac{1}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
c) \(P=2x-2x^2-5=-2\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)-\dfrac{9}{2}=-2\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{9}{2}\le-\dfrac{9}{2}\)
\(maxP=-\dfrac{9}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
a. \(A=4x-x^2+3=7-\left(x^2-4x\right)+4=7-\left(x-2\right)^2\le7\)
b.\(B=x-x^2=\frac{1}{4}-\left(x^2-x+\frac{1}{4}\right)=\frac{1}{4}-\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\le\frac{1}{4}\)
c.\(C=2x-2x^2-5=-\frac{9}{2}-2\left(x^2-x+\frac{1}{4}\right)=-\frac{9}{2}-2\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\le-\frac{9}{2}\)
a
\(A=4-x^2+2x\)
\(=-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+5\)
\(=-\left(x+1\right)^2+5\)
Khi đó \(A_{min}=5\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)
b
\(B=4x-x^2\)
\(B+4=4x-x^2+4\)
\(=-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+8\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)^2+8\)
Khi đó \(B_{min}=8\Leftrightarrow x=2\)