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a) \(C=4x^2+3y^2+4xy-4x-10y+7=\left[4x^2+4x\left(y-1\right)+\left(y-1\right)^2\right]+2\left(y^2-4y+4\right)-2=\left(2x+y-1\right)^2+2\left(y-2\right)^2-2\ge-2\)
\(minC=-2\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
d) \(D=x^2-2xy+6y^2-12x+2y+45=\left[x^2-2x\left(y+6\right)+\left(y+6\right)^2\right]+5\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+4=\left(x-y-6\right)^2+5\left(y-1\right)^2+4\ge4\)
\(minD=4\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=7\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) \(-5x^2-2xy-2y^2+14x-10y-1\)
\(=-x^2-y^2-9-2xy+6x+6y-4x^2+8x-4-y^2+4y-4+16\)
\(=-\left(x+y-3\right)^2-4\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(y-2\right)^2+16\le16\)
Dấu \(=\)khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y-3=0\\x-1=0\\y-2=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=2\end{cases}}\).
b) \(-8x^2-3y^2-26x+6y+100\)
\(=-8\left(x+\frac{13}{8}\right)^2-3\left(y-1\right)^2+\frac{993}{8}\le\frac{993}{8}\)
Dấu \(=\)khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+\frac{13}{8}=0\\y-1=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-\frac{13}{8}\\y=1\end{cases}}\)
Answer:
\(B=-5x^2-5y^2+8x-6y-1\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\left(-5x^2+8x-\frac{16}{5}\right)+\left(-5y^2-6y-\frac{9}{5}\right)+4\)
\(\Rightarrow B=-5\left(x-\frac{4}{5}\right)^2-5\left(y+\frac{3}{5}\right)^2+4\)
Có:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-\frac{4}{5}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\Rightarrow-5\left(x-\frac{4}{5}\right)^2\le0\\\left(y+\frac{3}{5}\right)^2\ge0\forall y\Rightarrow-5\left(y+\frac{3}{5}\right)^2\le0\end{cases}}\)
Do vậy:
\(-5\left(x-\frac{4}{5}\right)^2-5\left(y+\frac{3}{5}\right)^2+4\le4\forall x;y\) hay \(B\le4\)
Vậy "=" xảy ra khi:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}x-\frac{4}{5}=0\\y+\frac{3}{5}=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{4}{5}\\y=\frac{-3}{5}\end{cases}}\)
Vậy giá trị lớn nhất của biểu thức \(B=4\) khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{4}{5}\\y=\frac{-3}{5}\end{cases}}\)
\(C=-5x^2-2xy-2y^2+14x+10y-1\)
\(\Rightarrow5C=\left(-25x^2-10xy-y^2+70x+14y-49\right)+\left(-9y^2+36y-36\right)+80\)
\(\Rightarrow5C=-\left(5x+y-7\right)^2-9\left(y-2\right)^2+80\)
\(\Rightarrow C=-\frac{1}{5}\left(5x+y-7\right)^2-\frac{9}{2}\left(y-2\right)^2+16\)
Có:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(5x+y-7\right)^2\ge0\forall x;y\Rightarrow-\frac{1}{5}\left(5x+y-7\right)^2\le0\\\left(y-2\right)^2\ge0\forall y\Rightarrow-\frac{9}{5}\left(y-2\right)^2\le0\end{cases}}\)
Do vậy:
\(-\frac{1}{5}\left(5x+y-7\right)^2-\frac{9}{5}\left(y-2\right)^2+16\le16\) hay \(C\le16\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}5x+y-7=0\\y-2=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=2\end{cases}}\)
Vậy giá trị lớn nhất của biểu thức \(C=16\) khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=2\end{cases}}\)
\(-5x^2-2xy-2y^2+14x+10y-1\\ =-\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)-\left(4x^2-2\cdot2\cdot\dfrac{7}{2}x+\dfrac{49}{4}\right)-\left(y^2-10y+25\right)+\dfrac{55}{4}\\ =-\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(2x-\dfrac{7}{2}\right)^2-\left(y-5\right)^2+\dfrac{55}{4}\le\dfrac{55}{4}\\ Max\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-y\\2x=\dfrac{7}{2}\\y=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-y\\x=\dfrac{7}{4}\\y=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x,y\in\varnothing\)
Vậy dấu \("="\) ko xảy ra
a: Ta có: \(-x^2+3x\)
\(=-\left(x^2-3x+\dfrac{9}{4}-\dfrac{9}{4}\right)\)
\(=-\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{9}{4}\le\dfrac{9}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Bài 2 :
a) \(P=x^2+y^2+xy+x+y\)
\(2P=2x^2+2y^2+2xy+2x+2y\)
\(2P=x^2+2xy+y^2+x^2+2x+1+y^2+2y+1-2\)
\(2P=\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2-2\)
\(P=\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2-2}{2}\)
\(P=\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2}{2}-1\le-1\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=0\\x+1=0\\y+1=0\end{cases}}\)
Mình nghĩ đề phải là tìm GTLN của \(P=x^2+y^2+xy+x-y\)hoặc đổi dấu x và y thì dấu "=" mới xảy ra đc
@ Phương ơi ! Cái dòng \(P=\)cuối ấy . Chỗ đấy là \(\ge-1\)em nhé!
a ) \(x^2-x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2.x.\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Ta có : \(\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Vậy GTNN là \(\dfrac{3}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}.\)