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Đặt \(\sqrt{x}=x;\sqrt{y}=y;\sqrt{z}=z\) cho dễ nhìn.
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y+z=2\\x^2+y^2+z^2=2\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xy+yz+zx=1\)
Ta có:
\(x\left(1+y^2\right)\left(1+z^2\right)+y\left(1+z^2\right)\left(1+x^2\right)+z\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)\)
\(=x^2y^2z+y^2z^2x+z^2x^2y+x^2y+x^2z+y^2x+y^2z+z^2x+z^2y+x+y+z\)
\(=xyz\left(xy+yz+zx\right)+x^2\left(2-x\right)+y^2\left(2-y\right)+z^2\left(2-z\right)+2\)
\(=-2xyz+2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)-\left(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz\right)+2\)
\(=-2xyz+6-\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx\right)\)
\(=-2xyz+6-2=-2xyz+4\)
Ta lại có:
\(\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)\left(1+z^2\right)=x^2y^2z^2+x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2+x^2+y^2+z^2+1\)
\(=x^2y^2z^2+\left(xy+yz+zx\right)^2-2xyz\left(xy+yz+zx\right)+3\)
\(=x^2y^2z^2-2xyz+4=\left(xyz-2\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\sqrt{\left(xyz-2\right)^2}.\frac{4-2xyz}{\left(xyz-2\right)^2}\)
Tới đây bí :((
Ta có \(1+x^2=x^2+xy+yz+xz=\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)\)
Tương tự \(1+y^2=\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\)
\(1+z^2=\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)\)
Thay vào A ta được
\(P=x\sqrt{\left(y+z\right)^2}+y\sqrt{\left(x+z\right)^2}+z\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)^2}\)
=2(xy+xz+yz)=2
\(b,VT=VP\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{xy+yz+zx+x^2}+\frac{y}{xy+yz+zx+y^2}+\frac{z}{xy+yz+zx+z^2}\)
\(=\frac{2xyz}{\sqrt{\left(xy+yz+zx+x^2\right)\left(xy+yz+zx+y^2\right)\left(xy+yz+zx+z^2\right)}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{y}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)}+\frac{z}{\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2xyz}{\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)\left(z+x\right)\left(y+z\right)}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x\left(y+z\right)+y\left(x+z\right)+z\left(x+y\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}=\frac{2xyz}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xy+xz+xy+yz+xz+yz=2xyz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2=2xyz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xyz=1\)
Đù =)))
\(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z+2\sqrt{xy}+2\sqrt{yz}+2\sqrt{zx}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2+2\left(\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\right)=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}=1\)
Khi đó ta có : \(x+1=x+\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+1=\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)+\sqrt{z}\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+1=\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{x}\right)\)
Tương tự : \(y+1=\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\);
\(z+1=\left(\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)\)
Ta lần lượt xét các biểu thức :
+) \(\sqrt{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left[\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)\right]^2}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)\)
+) \(\frac{\sqrt{x}}{x+1}+\frac{\sqrt{y}}{y+1}+\frac{\sqrt{z}}{z+1}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{z}\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{y}}{\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{z}}{\left(\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)+\sqrt{y}\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{z}\right)+\sqrt{z}\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2\left(\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2}{\left(\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}\)
Do đó ta có :
\(P=\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)\cdot\frac{2}{\left(\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}\)
\(P=2\)
Vậy...
\(a=\frac{1}{x};b=\frac{1}{y};c=\frac{1}{z}\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca=1\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\frac{2a}{\sqrt{1+a^2}}+\frac{2b}{\sqrt{1+b^2}}+\frac{2c}{\sqrt{1+c^2}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM: \(P=\frac{2a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}}\)
\(\le a\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{a+c}\right)+b\left(\frac{1}{4\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{1}{a-b}\right)-c\left(\frac{1}{4\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{a-c}\right)=\frac{9}{4}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(\frac{\sqrt{15}}{7};\sqrt{15};\sqrt{15}\right)\)
Có xy + yz + zx = 1
=> 1 + x2 = x2 + xy + yz + zx
1 + x2 = (x + y)(y + z)
Tương tự ta có:
1 + y2 = (y + x)(y + z)
1 + z2 = (z + x)(z + y)
Thay vào P, ta được:
\(P=x\left(y+z\right)+y\left(x+z\right)+z\left(x+y\right)\)
\(P=xy+yz+zx+xy+yz+zx\)
\(P=2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)=2\)
Vậy P = 2
1) đặt \(\sqrt{x-1}=a\left(a\ge0\right);\sqrt{y-4}=b\left(b\ge0;\right)\)
M = \(\frac{a}{a^2+1}+\frac{b}{b^2+4}\); a2 +1 \(\ge2a;b^2+4\ge4b\)=> M \(\le\frac{a}{2a}+\frac{b}{4b}=\frac{3}{4}\)
M đạt GTLN khi a=1, b=2 hay x=2; y= 8
2) <=> (x-y)2 + (x+2)2 =8 => (x+2)2\(\le8< =>\left|x+2\right|\le\sqrt{8}\approx2< =>-2\le x+2\le2< =>\)\(-4\le x\le0\)
x=-4 => (y+4)2 =4 <=> y = -2;y = -6
x=-3 => (y+3)2 = 7 (vô nghiệm); x=-1 => (y+1)2 =7 (vô nghiệm)
x=0 => y2 = 4 => y =2; =-2
vậy có các nghiệm (x;y) = (-4;-2); (-4;-6); (0;-2); (0;2)
3) \(\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{z^2}\ge2\frac{x}{z}\left(a^2+b^2\ge2ab\right)\); tương tự với các số còn lại ta được điều phải chứng minh
3) sửa lại
áp dụng a2+b2+c2 \(\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}\)
\(\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{z^2}+\frac{z^2}{x^2}\ge\frac{\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{x}\right)^2}{3}\ge\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{x}\)(vì \(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{x}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{xyz}{yzx}}=3\))
dấu '=' khi x=y=z