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a) Ta có: \(\frac{a-b}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}-\frac{\sqrt{a^3}-\sqrt{b^3}}{a-b}\)
\(=\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}-\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(a+\sqrt{ab}+b\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}-\frac{a+\sqrt{ab}+b}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}\)
\(=\frac{a+2\sqrt{ab}+b-a-\sqrt{ab}-b}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{ab}}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}\)
b)Sửa đề: \(\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2-4\sqrt{ab}}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}-\frac{a\sqrt{b}+b\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{ab}}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2-4\sqrt{ab}}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}-\frac{a\sqrt{b}+b\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{ab}}\)
\(=\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}-\frac{\sqrt{ab}\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}{\sqrt{ab}}\)
\(=\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\)
\(=-2\sqrt{b}\)
c) Ta có: \(\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}-1}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}\right):\left(\frac{\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}-2}-\frac{\sqrt{a}+2}{\sqrt{a}-1}\right)\)
\(=\left(\frac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}-\frac{\sqrt{a}-1}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\right):\left(\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}-\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}:\frac{a-1-a+4}{\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\cdot\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}{3}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{a}-2}{3\sqrt{a}}\)
d) Ta có: \(\left(\frac{a\sqrt{a}+b\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}-\sqrt{ab}\right)\left(\frac{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}{a-b}\right)^2\)
\(=\left(\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(a-\sqrt{ab}+b\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}-\sqrt{ab}\right)\left(\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}\right)^2\)
\(=\left(a-\sqrt{ab}+b-\sqrt{ab}\right)\cdot\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}\right)^2\)
\(=\left(a-2\sqrt{ab}+b\right)\cdot\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}=1\)
e) Ta có: \(\left(\frac{\sqrt{x}}{3+\sqrt{x}}+\frac{x+9}{9-x}\right):\left(\frac{3\sqrt{x}+1}{x-3\sqrt{x}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\right)\)
\(=\left(\frac{\sqrt{x}\left(3-\sqrt{x}\right)}{\left(3+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(3-\sqrt{x}\right)}+\frac{x+9}{\left(3+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(3-\sqrt{x}\right)}\right):\left(\frac{3\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}-\frac{\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}\right)\)
\(=\frac{3\sqrt{x}+9}{\left(3+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(3-\sqrt{x}\right)}:\frac{3\sqrt{x}+1-\sqrt{x}+3}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}\)
\(=\frac{3\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}{-\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\cdot\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\cdot\frac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}{2\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{-3\sqrt{x}}{2\sqrt{x}+4}\)
Bài 2 :
a) Sửa đề :
\(A=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}-\sqrt{3}\)
\(A=\sqrt{3}-1-\sqrt{3}\)
\(A=-1\)
b) \(B=\sqrt{3+2\sqrt{2}}-\sqrt{3-2\sqrt{2}}\)
\(B=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)^2}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)^2}\)
\(B=\sqrt{2}+1-\sqrt{2}+1\)
\(B=2\)
c) \(C=\sqrt{7-4\sqrt{3}}+\sqrt{7+4\sqrt{3}}\)
\(C=\sqrt{\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)^2}\)
\(C=2-\sqrt{3}+2+\sqrt{3}\)
\(C=4\)
d) \(D=\sqrt{23+8\sqrt{7}}-\sqrt{7}\)
\(D=\sqrt{\left(4+\sqrt{7}\right)^2}-\sqrt{7}\)
\(D=4+\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{7}\)
\(D=4\)
Bài 1 :
a) Để \(\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)}\) có nghĩa
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)\ge0\)
TH1 :\(\hept{\begin{cases}x-1\ge0\\x-3\ge0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge1\\x\ge3\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow x\ge3}\)
TH2 : \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-1\le0\\x-3\le0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x\le1\\x\le3\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}x\le1}\)
Vậy để biểu thức có nghĩa thì \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x\ge3\\x\le1\end{cases}}\)
b) Để \(\sqrt{\frac{1-x}{x+2}}\)có nghĩa
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1-x}{x+2}\ge0\)
TH1 : \(\hept{\begin{cases}1-x\ge0\\x+2\ge0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x\le1\\x\ge-2\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}-2\le x\le1}\)
TH2 : \(\hept{\begin{cases}1-x\le0\\x+2\le0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge1\\x\le-2\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow x\in\varnothing}\)
Vậy để biểu thức có nghĩa thì \(-2\le x\le1\)
Bài 1.
1. \(\sqrt{-3x+6}\) có nghĩa khi \(-3x+6\ge0\Leftrightarrow-3x\ge-6\Rightarrow x\le2\)
2.
\( a){\left( {\sqrt 7 - \sqrt 5 } \right)^2} + 2\sqrt {35} = 7 - 2\sqrt {35} + 5 + 2\sqrt {35} = 12\\ b)3\sqrt 8 - \sqrt {50} - \sqrt {{{\left( {\sqrt 2 - 1} \right)}^2}} = 6\sqrt 2 - 5\sqrt 2 - \sqrt 2 + 1 = 1 \)
Bài 2.
\( M = \dfrac{{\sqrt a + 3}}{{\sqrt a - 2}} - \dfrac{{\sqrt a - 1}}{{\sqrt a + 2}} + \dfrac{{4\sqrt a - 4}}{{4 - a}}\\ M = \dfrac{{\left( {\sqrt a + 2} \right)\left( {\sqrt a + 3} \right) - \left( {\sqrt a - 2} \right)\left( {\sqrt a - 1} \right) - \left( {4\sqrt a - 4} \right)}}{{\left( {\sqrt a - 2} \right)\left( {\sqrt a + 2} \right)}}\\ M = \dfrac{{4\sqrt a + 8}}{{\left( {\sqrt a - 2} \right)\left( {\sqrt a + 2} \right)}}\\ M = \dfrac{{4\left( {\sqrt a + 2} \right)}}{{\left( {\sqrt a - 2} \right)\left( {\sqrt a + 2} \right)}}\\ M = \dfrac{4}{{\sqrt a - 2}} \)
Bài 3.
1.
\( a)\sqrt {{{313}^2} - {{312}^2}} + \sqrt {{{17}^2} - {8^2}} = \sqrt {\left( {313 - 312} \right)\left( {313 + 312} \right)} + \sqrt {\left( {17 - 8} \right)\left( {17 + 8} \right)} \\ = \sqrt {625} + \sqrt {9.25} = 25 + 3.5 = 25 + 15 = 40\\ b)\dfrac{{2 + \sqrt 2 }}{{1 + \sqrt 2 }} = \dfrac{{\sqrt 2 \left( {\sqrt 2 + 1} \right)}}{{1 + \sqrt 2 }} = \sqrt 2 \)
2. \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+y=3\\3x-2y=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x+2y=6\\3x-2y=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7x=7\\2x+y=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy hệ phương trình có nghiệm duy nhất \(\left(1;1\right)\)
3.
\(
\sqrt {9\left( {x - 1} \right)} = 21\\
\Leftrightarrow 3\sqrt {x - 1} = 21\\
\Leftrightarrow \sqrt {x - 1} = 7\\
\Leftrightarrow x - 1 = 49\\
\Leftrightarrow x = 50
\)
Thử lại $x=50$ là nghiệm
a) \(\frac{2\sqrt{5}+b\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{ab}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}\)
\(=\frac{2\sqrt{5ab}+ab\sqrt{b}}{ab}-\frac{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}{a-b}\)
\(=\frac{\left(2\sqrt{5ab}+ab\sqrt{b}\right)\left(a-b\right)-\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)ab}{ab\left(a-b\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2a\sqrt{5ab}-2b\sqrt{5ab}+a^2b\sqrt{b}-ab^2\sqrt{b}-ab\sqrt{a}-ab\sqrt{b}}{ab\left(a-b\right)}\)
b) \(\left(1+\frac{a-\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}-1}\right)\cdot\left(\frac{1+1+\sqrt{a}}{1-a^2}\right)^2\)
\(=\left(1+\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}-1}\right)\cdot\left(\frac{2+\sqrt{a}}{\left(1-a\right)\left(1+a\right)}\right)^2\)
\(=\left(1+\sqrt{a}\right)\left[\frac{2+\sqrt{a}}{\left(1-\sqrt{a}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{a}\right)\left(1+a\right)}\right]^2\)
\(=\frac{4+4\sqrt{a}+a}{\left(1-\sqrt{a}\right)^2\left(1+\sqrt{a}\right)\left(1+a\right)^2}\) \(a\ge0;a\ne\pm1\)
Bổ sung đk của phần a: \(a,b>0;a\ne b\)
1/ a/ \(\sqrt{0,9.0,16.0,4}=\sqrt{\frac{9.16.4}{10000}}=\sqrt{\frac{\left(3.4.2\right)^2}{10^4}}=\frac{24}{1010}=\frac{6}{25}\)
b/ \(\sqrt{0,0016}=\sqrt{\frac{16}{100}}=\frac{4}{10}=\frac{2}{5}\)
c/ \(\frac{\sqrt{72}}{\sqrt{2}}=\frac{\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{36}}{\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{36}=6\)
d/ \(\frac{\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{288}}=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{144}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{144}}=\frac{1}{12}\)
2.
a/ \(\frac{2}{a}.\sqrt{\frac{16a^2}{9}}=\frac{2}{a}.\frac{4\left|a\right|}{3}=-\frac{8a}{3a}=-\frac{8}{3}\) (Vì a<0)
b/ \(\frac{3}{a-1}.\sqrt{\frac{4a^2-8a+4}{25}}=\frac{3}{a-1}.\sqrt{\frac{4\left(a-1\right)^2}{25}}=\frac{3.2\left|a-1\right|}{5.\left(a-1\right)}=\frac{6\left(a-1\right)}{5\left(a-1\right)}=\frac{6}{5}\)
c/ \(\frac{\sqrt{243a}}{\sqrt{3a}}=\frac{9\sqrt{3a}}{\sqrt{3a}}=9\)
d/ \(\frac{3\sqrt{18a^2b^4}}{\sqrt{2a^2b^2}}=\frac{3.3\sqrt{2}.\left|a\right|.\left|b\right|^2}{\sqrt{2}.\left|a\right|.\left|b\right|}=9\left|b\right|\)
TL:
\(a,\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-x\right)^2}=\sqrt{3}-x\)
BT thỏa mãn \(\forall x\)
a) \(\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-x\right)^2}=\left|\sqrt{3}-x\right|\)
Vậy biểu thức có nghĩa với mọi x
b) \(\sqrt{\frac{-3}{2+x}}\)
Biểu thức có nghĩa\(\Leftrightarrow2+x< 0\Leftrightarrow x< -2\)
a) ĐKXĐ: thỏa mãn với mọi a thực
b) ĐKXĐ: \(\frac{1}{2a+1}>0\)
\(\Rightarrow2a+1>0\Rightarrow2a>-1\Leftrightarrow a>-\frac{1}{2}\)
c) ĐKXĐ: \(a\left(1-a\right)\ge0\)
+ Nếu: \(\hept{\begin{cases}a\ge0\\1-a\ge0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow1\ge a\ge0\)
+ Nếu: \(\hept{\begin{cases}a\le0\\1-a\le0\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}a\le0\\a\ge1\end{cases}}\)(vô lý)
Vậy \(0\le a\le1\)
d) ĐKXĐ: \(\frac{2}{\left(a-2\right)\left(a+3\right)}>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-2\right)\left(a+3\right)>0\)
+ Nếu: \(\hept{\begin{cases}a-2>0\\a+3>0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow a>2\)
+ Nếu: \(\hept{\begin{cases}a-2< 0\\a+3< 0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow a< -3\)
Vậy \(\orbr{\begin{cases}a>2\\a< -3\end{cases}}\)
Để biểu thức có nghĩa thì :
\(\sqrt{4+a^2}\left(đk:\forall a-tmđk\right)\)
\(\sqrt{\frac{1}{2a+1}}\left(đk:a\ne-\frac{1}{2};a\ge-\frac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow a>-\frac{1}{2}\right)\)
\(\sqrt{a\left(1-a\right)}\left(đk:a\ge0\right)\)
\(\sqrt{\frac{2}{\left(a-2\right)\left(a+3\right)}}\left(đk:a\ge2;a\ne2\Leftrightarrow a>2\right)\)