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We use comparatives and superlatives to say how people or things are different. We use a comparative adjective to express how two people or things are different, and we use a superlative adjective to show how one person or thing is different to all the others of its kind. For example, Mick is taller than Jack
Phân biệt so sánh hơn và so sánh nhấtĐể so sánh 2 sự vật, hiện tượng ta dùng than hoặc as .... as (Comparative Form)
Ví dụ:
S + More + Adjective + than + S
S + Adjective + ER + Than + S
Để so sánh 1 sự vật với hai hoặc nhiều sự vật khác chúng ta sử dụng cấu trúc so sánh nhất (Superlative Form)
S + Be+ the most + Adjective + Noun
S + Be+ the Adjective + Est + Noun
Quy tắc này chủ yếu dựa vào loại tính từ, 1 vần, hai vần, hay nhiều vần. Ngoài ra còn có trường hợp ngoại lệ là không theo quy tắc nào cả.
Tính từ chỉ có 1 vần - One-syllable adjectives.
Để thành lập câu so sánh hơn (The comparative) và so sánh nhất (superlative forms) của tính từ 1 vần, ta thêm –er đối với So sánh hơn và thêm –est đối với so sánh nhất vào sau tính từ.
Tính từ 1 vầnComparative FormSuperlative Form
tall | taller | tallest |
old | older | oldest |
long | longer | longest |
1.more interesting
2.more intelligent
3.the shortest
4.bigger than
5.more comfortable
6.worse
7.more peaceful than
8.the cleverest
9.the most delicious
10.the most boring
11.prettier
12.more money
13.more money
14.the highest
15.the tallest
16.more intelligent
17.more comfortable
18.more convenient
1. Sport is .............more..interesting than .................... it politics. (interesting)
2. Can't you think of anything .... more intelligent...... to say? (intelligent)
3. It’s ...........shortest.............................. day of the year. (short)
4. London is ...............bigger than...................... Birmingham. (big)
5. I prefer this chair to the other ones. It’s more comfortable
6. The weather is getting ............worse.......................... (bad)
7. I like living in the countryside. It’s living in a town is. more peaceful
8. Who is................the cleverest....................... in the class‘? (clever)
9. That’s ...the most delicious........meal I've had for a long time. (delicious)
10. It was .......the most boring.............. speech I’ve ever heard. (boring)
11. This skirt is ..........more pretty....................than that one. (pretty)
12. His family has...........more maney.........than mine. (much money)
13. Nga is .....more money................. than her brother. (much money)
14. Mount Everest is ..........the .highest.............. in the world. (high)
15. Nam is ..............the tallest..................... boy in the family. (tall)
16. Kim is ..............more intelligent........................... than I. (intelligent)
17. That chair is ...........more. comfortable....... than that one. (comfortable)
18. That room is .........more convenient ........... than that one. (convenient)
Her computer is the ………newest…... (new).
Those glasses are the ………nicest…….. (nice) in the store.
She is the ……oldest…... (old) person in her family.
Mr. Kendrick is the…best……. (good) teacher in the school.
My puppy is the …youngest……... (young) of all my friends' dogs.
These books are the ..most expensive... (expensive) books in the store.
I am the ……worst……... (bad) soccer player on the team.
These oranges are the ………sweetest………... (sweet) type of orange.
He is the ……hardest………... (hard) worker in his company.
That was the …most interesting…. (interesting) movie I have ever seen.
This armchair is …more comfortable….. than the old one. (comfortable)
Trains are ……slower…………... than aeroplanes. (slow)
I bought the……most expensive…... souvenir I could afford. (expensive)
In this classroom there are ……much more………. girls than boys. (many)
Ann is the ………youngest…... child in the family. (young)
That TV set is the ………cheapest…………... of all. (cheap)
You are …………safer………... here than there. (safe)
Fifi is ……prettier…………... than Kate. (pretty)
This is the …most exicting……………... film i have ever seen. (exciting)
Tim is ……more talented…………... than Peter. (talented)
Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the comparative adjective.
The red jacket is …cheaper…………... (cheap) than the blue jacket.
The shoes are ………nicer…………... (nice) than the boots.
The pink socks are ……more expensive…... (expensive) than the white socks.
The brown sweater is ……better…………... (good) than the blue sweater.
The chocolate looks ……worse……... (bad) than the candy.
The radio is ………newer……... (new) than the DVD player.
The Cds are ……older……... (old) than the DVDs.
These apples are …more bright……... (bright) than those apples.
This dress is …more beautiful………... (beautiful) than that dress.
Those green tomatoes are ……sweeter…………... (sweet) than the red tomatoes.
We stayed at the ………cheapest……... hotel in the town. (cheap)
Our hotel was ……cheaper………………... than all the others in the town. (cheap)
The United States of America is large but Canada is ………larger……... . (large)
What's ………the longest………... canal in the world? (long)
He looked a bit sad yesterday but he looks ……happier……………………... today. (happy)
It was a terrible journey. It was …the worst…………... journey of my life. (bad)
Ali, can you tell me what ……the most popular……………………... sport in your country is? (popular)
Everest is ………the highest…………... mountain in the world. (high)
We had a great holiday. It was one of …the most enjoyable…………... holidays we've ever had. (enjoyable)
I prefer this bed to the other one. It's …the most comfortable……… . (comfortable)
What's ………the quickest……………... way of getting from here to the station? (quick)
Mr. and Mrs. Murphy have got four daughters. ………The oldest…………………... is 14. (old)
Hoctot
Fill in the correct form of the words in brackets (comparative or superlative)
1. My suitcase is ......................(larger) than your suitcase.
2. This scarf is...................(more beautiful) than the one in the window.
3. The palace Hotel was ........................(more expensive) than the Grosvenor.
4. John is a ...................(better) gardener than Stuart.
5. They are not going to the ....................( worst) hotel.
6. The palace is the .......................(most expensive) hotel.
7. John is the................................ (best) gardener.
8. These are the .....................(most beautiful) colours.
9. Mr.Smith is....................... (worse) today than yesterday.
1. My suitcase is ......larger.....(large) than your suitcase.
2. This scarf is......more beautiful.......(beautiful) than the one in the window.
3. The palace Hotel was ...more expensive... (expensive) than the Grosvenor.
4. John is a .......better.....(good) gardener than Stuart.
5. They are not going to the ......worst.......( bad) hotel.
6. The palace is the .....most expensive.......(expensive) hotel.
7. John is the...........best........ (good) gardener.
8. These are the .......most beautiful......(beautiful) colours.
9. Mr.Smith is.....worse....... (bad) today than yesterday.
1, most expensive
2, fewer
3, more
4, longer/ longest
5, more intelligent
Complete these sentences with comparative or superlative:
1. This dress is the ………most expensive………………………of three dresses.(expensive)
2. Vietnamese students work ………fewer……hours than American sts (few)
3. He has ………more……………………….. money than his wife. (much)
4. Summer holiday is …longer………than tet holiday. It’s the …longest…… holiday(long)
5. Tom is ……more intelligent…………………… than Peter (intelligent)
Exercise 3: Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the adjective or adverb, comparative or superlative of the words provided.
1. This is ________the fanciest___________________ (fancy) dress I own.
2. In my opinion, a deer moves ______the most gracefully______________ (graceful) of all the animals.
3. The politician spoke _________louder_______ (loud) than was necessary.
4. When we travel, my suitcase is always ________heavier_______ (heavy) than my husband’s.
5. Mrs. Pedrido speaks __more fluently_____________________(fluent) than her husband, but her daughter speaks _______the most fluently________________ (fluent) of the whole family.
6. Annie usually gets up _________earlier_______(early) than her sister.
7. Bonnie works __________the hardest_________(hard) of all the employees in the office.
8. Judy goes to the library _________more often___________ (often) than I do.
8. This is _________the worst____________ (bad) movie I have ever seen.
10. Shaun sings even _______more beautifully___________(beautiful) than her mother, who is a famous opera star. In fact, she has _____the most beautiful______________ (beautiful) voice I’ve ever heard.
Exercise 4: Complete the second sentence using the word given, so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence. Write between TWO AND FIVE WORDS in each gap.
1. I have never watched a better movic than this one. EVER
=> This is the ____best movie I have ever watched__________________________
2. Nobody has ever been this far into the desert. THE
=> This is _____the farthest someone___________________has ever been into the desert. THE
3. I was told that Ellie was the most industrious student in the class.
=> I was told that ____no student in the class is more industrious______________ than Ellie. NO
4. This is the oldest palace in this urban area.
=> This ______is the older palace than_______________ the others in this urban areas. THAN
5. The paiting Ruby colored is the worst one you can imagine.
=> You can’t imagine ______a worse painting ____________than Ruby colored.
PART C: EXTRA EXERCISE – READING
Exercise 1: Answer these following questions.
Last week Nick and some of his classmates went to the countryside. They went to visit a farm of Nick’s uncle.
They left early in the morning and went there by bus. Nick’s uncle, Mr. Brown met them at the bus stop and took them to his farm. Uncle Brown showed them the field of wheat and vegetables where some tractors were running up and down, ploughing and breaking soil, distributing manure and planting potatoes.
After lunch, they all went for a walk. In the large yard of the farm, they saw some farm machines. Among them is the biggest machine which is called a combine harvester. They were told that this machine can cut and thresh corn at the same time.
In the afternoon, they went to the place where cattle such as horses, sheep and cows were raised. They were very excited to see how cows were milked by the workers there. Uncle Brown also spoke about many interesting things in the countryside. After having some fruits and cakes, they said goodbye and went home.
1. What does his uncle grow on his farm?
______He grows wheat, vegetables and potatoes._____________________________________________
2. What can a tractor do?
________It can plough and break soil, distribute manure and plant potatoes.___________________________________________
3. What is typical of a combine harvester?
_____A combine harvester can cut and thresh corn at the same time. ______________________________________________
4. Which kinds of cattle are raised in Uncle Brown’s farm?
______That cattle such as horses, sheep and cows are raised in Uncle Brown's farm._____________________________________________
helpful (Adj) => more helpful => most helpful