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Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(\frac{1^2}{\sqrt{a}}+\frac{2^2}{\sqrt{b}}+\frac{3^2}{\sqrt{c}}\ge\frac{\left(1+2+3\right)^2}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}=\frac{36}{6}=6\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}=\frac{2}{\sqrt{b}}=\frac{3}{\sqrt{c}}\\\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}=6\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{a}=1\\\sqrt{b}=2\\\sqrt{c}=3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\b=4\\c=9\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 1: ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge0\\x\ne4\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) Ta có: \(A=\frac{x}{x-4}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}-2}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)
\(=\frac{x+\sqrt{x}+2+\sqrt{x}-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x+2\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-2}\)
Để A>1 thì A-1>0
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-2}-1>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\sqrt{x}-\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\sqrt{x}-2}>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}-2}>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}-2}>0\)
mà 2>0
nên \(\sqrt{x}-2>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}>2\)
hay x>4(nhận)
Vậy: Khi x>4 thì A>1
k) ĐK: $x^2\geq 5$
PT $\Leftrightarrow 2\sqrt{x^2-5}-\frac{1}{3}\sqrt{x^2-5}+\frac{3}{4}\sqrt{x^2-5}-\frac{5}{12}\sqrt{x^2-5}=4$
$\Leftrightarrow 2\sqrt{x^2-5}=4$
$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x^2-5}=2$
$\Rightarrow x^2-5=4$
$\Leftrightarrow x^2=9\Rightarrow x=\pm 3$ (đều thỏa mãn)
l) ĐKXĐ: $x\geq -1$
PT $\Leftrightarrow 2\sqrt{x+1}+3\sqrt{x+1}-\sqrt{x+1}=4$
$\Leftrightarrow 4\sqrt{x+1}=4$
$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x+1}=1$
$\Rightarrow x+1=1$
$\Rightarrow x=0$
m)
ĐKXĐ: $x\geq -1$
PT $\Leftrightarrow 4\sqrt{x+1}+2\sqrt{x+1}=16-\sqrt{x+1}+3\sqrt{x+1}$
$\Leftrightarrow 6\sqrt{x+1}=16+2\sqrt{x+1}$
$\Leftrightarrow 4\sqrt{x+1}=16$
$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x+1}=4$
$\Rightarrow x=15$ (thỏa mãn)
h)
ĐKXĐ: $x\geq -5$
PT $\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x+5}=6$
$\Rightarrow x+5=36\Rightarrow x=31$ (thỏa mãn)
i) ĐKXĐ: $x\geq 5$
PT \(\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x-5}+4\sqrt{x-5}-\sqrt{x-5}=12\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 4\sqrt{x-5}=12\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x-5}=3\Rightarrow x-5=9\Rightarrow x=14\) (thỏa mãn)
j)
ĐKXĐ: $x\geq 0$
PT $\Leftrightarrow 3\sqrt{2x}+\sqrt{2x}-6\sqrt{2x}+4=0$
$\Leftrightarrow -2\sqrt{2x}+4=0$
$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{2x}=2$
$\Rightarrow x=2$ (thỏa mãn)
\(\sqrt{2-2.\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{2}+\frac{1}{4}}.\sqrt{8-2.2\sqrt{2}.\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{16}}=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2}\sqrt{\left(2\sqrt{2}-\frac{1}{4}\right)^2}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{2}-\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(2\sqrt{2}-\frac{1}{4}\right)=\frac{33-10\sqrt{2}}{8}\)
\(\sqrt{2+2\sqrt{2}+1}.4\sqrt{\frac{288+2\sqrt{288}+1}{16}}=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)^2}.4\sqrt{\frac{\left(12\sqrt{2}+1\right)^2}{4^2}}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)\left(12\sqrt{2}+1\right)=25+13\sqrt{2}\)
\(\sqrt{28-10\sqrt{3}}=\sqrt{25-2.5\sqrt{3}+3}=\sqrt{\left(5-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}=5-\sqrt{3}\)