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Bài này cũng dễ mà:
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si, ta có:
\(y+z+1\ge3\sqrt[3]{yz}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\dfrac{y+z+1}{3}\ge\sqrt[3]{yz}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\dfrac{x}{\sqrt[3]{yz}}\ge\dfrac{3x}{y+z+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\sum\dfrac{x}{\sqrt[3]{yz}}\ge\sum\dfrac{3x}{y+z+1}\)
Mà \(\sum\dfrac{3x}{y+z+1}=\sum\dfrac{3x^2}{xy+xz+x}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy -Schwaz:
\(\sum\dfrac{3x^2}{xy+xz+x}\ge\dfrac{3\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)+x+y+z}\)
Mà:
\(xy+yz+xz\le x^2+y^2+z^2\)(BĐT phụ)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\le2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)=6\)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhicopski:
\(\left(x+y+z\right)^2\le3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)=9\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y+z\le3\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)+x+y+z\le6+3=9\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\dfrac{3\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)+x+y+z}\ge\dfrac{3\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{9}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}\ge xy+yz+xz\left(ĐPCM\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)x=y=z=1
Ta có: \(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\ge9xyz\)
\(VT=\dfrac{x}{1+yz}+\dfrac{y}{1+xz}+\dfrac{z}{1+xy}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2}{x+xyz}+\dfrac{y^2}{y+xyz}+\dfrac{z^2}{z+xyz}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+3xyz}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}{3}}\)
\(=\dfrac{3\left(x+y+z\right)}{4}\). Cần chứng minh:
\(\dfrac{3\left(x+y+z\right)}{4}\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt{3}}{4}\Leftrightarrow x+y+z\ge\sqrt{3}\)
BĐT cuối đúng vì \(x+y+z\ge\sqrt{3\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}=\sqrt{3}\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Ps: nospoiler
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho cặp số dương \(\dfrac{1}{\left(z+x\right)};\dfrac{1}{\left(z+y\right)}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{\left(z+x\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(z+y\right)}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{1}{\sqrt[]{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{xy}{\sqrt[]{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}}\le\dfrac{2xy}{z+x}+\dfrac{2xy}{z+y}\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự ta được
\(\dfrac{zx}{\sqrt[]{\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)}}\le\dfrac{2zx}{y+z}+\dfrac{2zx}{y+x}\left(2\right)\)
\(\dfrac{yz}{\sqrt[]{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}}\le\dfrac{2yz}{x+y}+\dfrac{2yz}{x+z}\left(3\right)\)
\(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)+\left(3\right)\) ta được :
\(P=\dfrac{yz}{\sqrt[]{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}}+\dfrac{zx}{\sqrt[]{\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)}}+\dfrac{xy}{\sqrt[]{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}}\le\dfrac{2yz}{x+y}+\dfrac{2yz}{x+z}+\dfrac{2zx}{y+z}+\dfrac{2zx}{y+x}+\dfrac{2xy}{z+x}+\dfrac{2xy}{z+y}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le2\left(x+y+z\right)=2.3=6\)
\(\Rightarrow GTLN\left(P\right)=6\left(tạix=y=z=1\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\dfrac{x^4}{y+3z}+\dfrac{y+3z}{16}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}\ge4\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{x^4}{y+3z}\cdot\dfrac{y+3z}{16}\cdot\dfrac{1}{4}\cdot\dfrac{1}{4}}=x\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^4}{y+3z}\ge x-\dfrac{y+3z}{16}-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Tương tự cho 2 BĐT còn lại:
\(\dfrac{y^4}{z+3x}\ge y-\dfrac{z+3x}{16}-\dfrac{1}{2};\dfrac{z^4}{x+3y}\ge z-\dfrac{x+3y}{16}-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT trên ta có:
\(VT\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\left(x+y+z\right)-\dfrac{3}{2}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\cdot3-\dfrac{3}{2}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)
Cách khác:
\(\dfrac{x^4}{y+3z}+\dfrac{y^4}{z+3x}+\dfrac{z^4}{x+3y}\ge\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{4.\sqrt{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^3}}{4\sqrt{3}}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(xy+yz+zx\right)^3}}{4\sqrt{3}}\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt{3}}{4\sqrt{3}}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)
\(\sqrt{\frac{xy}{xy+z}}=\sqrt{\frac{xy}{xy+z\left(x+y+z\right)}}=\sqrt{\frac{xy}{\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x}{x+z}+\frac{y}{y+z}\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\sqrt{\frac{yz}{yz+x}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{y}{x+y}+\frac{z}{x+z}\right)\) ; \(\sqrt{\frac{zx}{zx+y}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{z}{y+z}\right)\)
Cộng vế với vế ta có đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\)
hình như dấu của bất đẳng thức bị ngược hả bạn
Ta có: \(x^2+2xy+y^2-4xy\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2\ge4xy\Leftrightarrow\frac{xy}{x+y}\le\frac{x+y}{4}\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{yz}{y+z}\le\frac{y+z}{4}\) và \(\frac{xz}{x+z}\le\frac{x+z}{4}\)
Cộng 3 bất đẳng thức vừa tìm được ta có:
\(\frac{xy}{x+y}+\frac{yz}{y+z}+\frac{zx}{z+x}\le\frac{\left(x+y\right)+\left(y+z\right)+\left(z+x\right)}{4}=\frac{x+y+z}{2}\)