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Read the passage below. Use the word given in bold to form a word that fits in the numbered gap.

BLACK WIDOW SPIDER

The black widow spider’s notoriety is not without foundation. However, an element of exaggeration has led to certain______ (1. CONCEPT) regarding its evil nature.

Firstly, this spider is not as dangerous as is often thought. While it is indeed one of the most______ (2. VENOM) species of spider, its venom being fifteen times stronger than that of the prairie rattlesnake, its bite injects such as amount of venom by______ (3. COMPARE) that it is unlikely to kill humans. In fact, ______ (4. FATAL) are rare.

Black widows bite only if they are touched or their web is threatened. Furthermore, only the adult female is poisonous. Those most at risk from the female are the spider’s natural pray-insects-and male black widow spiders. The latter are vulnerable as the female is______ (5. SOLITUDE) by nature, and has been known to kill and eat the male after mating. Such______ (6. OCCUR) are rare, but they explain how the spider got its name – and its reputation.

Nevertheless, the______ (7. PLEASE) effects of this spider’s bite should not be______ (8. ESTIMATE), and if you live in a temperate climate and have a fireplace in your home, it is advisable to take______ (9. CAUTION). Black widow spiders often inhabit wood piles, so you should wear gloves when handling firewood. Furthermore, since black widow spiders are______ (10. RESIST) to many insecticides, you should regularly clean out likely hiding places.

1
4 tháng 4 2017

Read the passage below. Use the word given in bold to form a word that fits in the numbered gap.

BLACK WIDOW SPIDER

The black widow spider’s notoriety is not without foundation. However, an element of exaggeration has led to certain misconception (1. CONCEPT) regarding its evil nature.

Firstly, this spider is not as dangerous as is often thought. While it is indeed one of the most venomous (2. VENOM) species of spider, its venom being fifteen times stronger than that of the prairie rattlesnake, its bite injects such as amount of venom by comparison (3. COMPARE) that it is unlikely to kill humans. In fact, fatalities (4. FATAL) are rare.

Black widows bite only if they are touched or their web is threatened. Furthermore, only the adult female is poisonous. Those most at risk from the female are the spider’s natural pray-insects-and male black widow spiders. The latter are vulnerable as the female is solitary (5. SOLITUDE) by nature, and has been known to kill and eat the male after mating. Such occurences (6. OCCUR) are rare, but they explain how the spider got its name – and its reputation.

Nevertheless, the unpleasant (7. PLEASE) effects of this spider’s bite should not be underestimated (8. ESTIMATE), and if you live in a temperate climate and have a fireplace in your home, it is advisable to take precautions (9. CAUTION). Black widow spiders often inhabit wood piles, so you should wear gloves when handling firewood. Furthermore, since black widow spiders are resistant (10. RESIST) to many insecticides, you should regularly clean out likely hiding places.

Much has been said written about the declining numbers of and disappointing lack of diversity among American college students majoring in engineering. Among the factors cited to explain this phenomenon are the lack of exposure of high school students to the very idea of engineering and the fact that many have insufficient mathematics and science background to gain entrance to engineering school, even if they do identify the profession as a possible career. This is unfortunate, for the ideas of...
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Much has been said written about the declining numbers of and disappointing lack of diversity among American college students majoring in engineering. Among the factors cited to explain this phenomenon are the lack of exposure of high school students to the very idea of engineering and the fact that many have insufficient mathematics and science background to gain entrance to engineering school, even if they do identify the profession as a possible career. This is unfortunate, for the ideas of engineering should be integrated into the curricula not only of high schools but also of middle and primary schools. Our children are being done a disservice by not being exposed properly throughout their education to engineering activities identified as such.

After all, even pre-school children have the prerequisites in their play for appreciating exactly what engineering is: design, Indeed, design is everywhere around them throughout their school day, even in their before-school and after-school activities. It need only be pointed out to them that they designing something, and therefore being engineering of sorts, in virtually everything that they do

Much has been said written about the declining numbers of and disappointing lack of diversity among American college students majoring in engineering. Among the factors cited to explain this phenomenon are the lack of exposure of high school students to the very idea of engineering and the fact that many have insufficient mathematics and science background to gain entrance to engineering school, even if they do identify the profession as a possible career. This is unfortunate, for the ideas of engineering should be integrated into the curricula not only of high schools but also of middle and primary schools. Our children are being done a disservice by not being exposed properly throughout their education to engineering activities identified as such.

After all, even pre-school children have the prerequisites in their play for appreciating exactly what engineering is: design, Indeed, design is everywhere around them throughout their school day, even in their before-school and after-school activities. It need only be pointed out to them that they designing something, and therefore being engineering of sorts, in virtually everything that they do.

1. the writer of the passage feels strongly that....
A. children should be involved in engineering activities at an early age
B. The mathematics and science courses in schools need to be modernized
C. University engineering courses ought to be upgraded
D. The education of pre-school children is being given too much important

2. The writer points out that children can, at a very early age

A. be encouraged to take part in after-school activities

B. develop an interested in scientific matters

C. make up their minds to study engineering at university

D. be influenced by their school environment

3. The writer recognizes the fact that engineering

A. is becoming less and less popular as a field of study among university students B. is only suitable for highly intelligent students

C. is a complicated subject only suitable for really mature students

D. has become one of the most popular fields of study at American universities

3. The writer recognizes the fact that engineering

A. is becoming less and less popular as a field of study among university students

B. is only suitable for highly intelligent students

C. is a complicated subject only suitable for really mature students

D. has become one of the most popular fields of study at American universities

4. Among the reasons given in the passage for the decline in the numbers of engineering students is that

A. the American schools still follow out - dated curricula curricula

B. university entrance requirements are far too demanding

C. many of them fail to acquire an adequate knowledge of mathematics and science at high schools.

D. it is generally recognized as one of the most difficult of all the courses

5. According to the passage, all school programmes.....

A. should be designed to make students aware of the engineering practices and principles

B. ought to give priority to sciences

C. must encourage children to make creative designs

D. Seem to put the emphasis on the need to diversify learning

1
30 tháng 6 2020

1. the writer of the passage feels strongly that....
A. children should be involved in engineering activities at an early age
B. The mathematics and science courses in schools need to be modernized
C. University engineering courses ought to be upgraded
D. The education of pre-school children is being given too much important

2. The writer points out that children can, at a very early age

A. be encouraged to take part in after-school activities

B. develop an interested in scientific matters

C. make up their minds to study engineering at university

D. be influenced by their school environment

3. The writer recognizes the fact that engineering

A. is becoming less and less popular as a field of study among university students B. is only suitable for highly intelligent students

C. is a complicated subject only suitable for really mature students

D. has become one of the most popular fields of study at American universities

3. The writer recognizes the fact that engineering

A. is becoming less and less popular as a field of study among university students

B. is only suitable for highly intelligent students

C. is a complicated subject only suitable for really mature students

D. has become one of the most popular fields of study at American universities

4. Among the reasons given in the passage for the decline in the numbers of engineering students is that

A. the American schools still follow out - dated curricula curricula

B. university entrance requirements are far too demanding

C. many of them fail to acquire an adequate knowledge of mathematics and science at high schools.

D. it is generally recognized as one of the most difficult of all the courses

5. According to the passage, all school programmes.....

A. should be designed to make students aware of the engineering practices and principles

B. ought to give priority to sciences

C. must encourage children to make creative designs

D. Seem to put the emphasis on the need to diversify learning

Everyone knows that honeybees make honey, but how do they actually do it? Honeybees live in colonies, which means that they live with lots of other bees. Beehives, nests made of wax, are the places where they live and stow their honey. Honeybees drink nectar from flowers or other sweet deposits from plants or trees. The honey made by these bees is used to supply the colony with food during the cold winter when there arc no flowers to drink from. Thus, these bees not only consume the...
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Everyone knows that honeybees make honey, but how do they actually do it? Honeybees live in colonies, which means that they live with lots of other bees. Beehives, nests made of wax, are the places where they live and stow their honey.

Honeybees drink nectar from flowers or other sweet deposits from plants or trees. The honey made by these bees is used to supply the colony with food during the cold winter when there arc no flowers to drink from. Thus, these bees not only consume the nectar for nourishment but also bring it home. They have a special organ called a honey stomach which is used to carry the food to their colony.

When honeybees come back home, they regurgitate what they have put in their honey stomachs. Other honeybees in the hive come along and help them. They repeatedly eat and regurgitate many times until the product becomes somewhat digested. Next, the bees move the syrupy product into open honeycomb cells. Then they beat their wings to fan it to prevent fermentation. The fanning makes the water evaporate so that the product gets thick enough. Now it cannot easily be attacked by bacteria. Finally, it can be called honey. After this process, honeybees seal up the honeycomb cells with wax until they are hungry.

The most impressive part of this process is how seamlessly a bee colony works together. In a colony, there are female worker bees, male drones, and one queen bee. Although there are both male and females in the hive, the majority of the work is done by females. The female worker bees are in charge of taking care of the hive and creating honey. When they are young, they take care of feeding the young bee larvae. When they are older, they go out and bring nectar back to the hive, where they begin making honey. The male drones are responsible for fertilizing the eggs, but require little energy as they spend their time waiting around the hive. The single queen bee is responsible for the colony's survival. She is the only female that can lay eggs. The wonderful substance called honey would not exist without the bees' teamwork.

1. What is the main topic of the passage?

A. The role of the female honeybee
B. Preventing fermentation in honey
C. Why honeybees build huge wax nests
D. How a honeybee colony works to make honey

2. What can be inferred from the passage about honey? A. It's not always the same color
B. It is only liked by a minority of people
C. Watery honey can go bad easily
D. It is created and cared for by the queen bee 3. What do honeybees do to prevent fermentation? A. Blow air on the honey by waving their wings
B. Overproduce honey using their legs
C. Feed the larvae the unfermented honey
D. Bring the honey to the honeycomb cells 4. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true of honeybees? A. They work together in their colony.
B. They produce honey through a complex process
C. The queen bee is responsible for making honey
D The worker bees work both inside and outside of their hive.
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III. Complete the following passage by filling one word for each blank.If there is just one single thing more astonishing than the ability of the adult human being to talk, it is the process by which someone learns to do this. Some parts of the process are still (1)________ much a closed book, but it is for the (2)_________ part possible to describe what the child is doing at various stages in its development, even if we cannot account (3)________ how exactly it learns to do these things.In...
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III. Complete the following passage by filling one word for each blank.

If there is just one single thing more astonishing than the ability of the adult human being to talk, it is the process by which someone learns to do this. Some parts of the process are still (1)________ much a closed book, but it is for the (2)_________ part possible to describe what the child is doing at various stages in its development, even if we cannot account (3)________ how exactly it learns to do these things.

In fact, research carried out by various linguists has (4)_________ rise to as many theories as there are differences in the rate of development. A baby actually makes sounds from the moment it is born, but for some time these are rather far removed (5)_________ articulate speech. In something like a year, a baby will probably be at a stage where one or two syllables represent the peak of its achievement as a speaker; one more year and it will be (6)_______ out with short phrases, and after this it seems (7)________ time at all before the child is capable of uttering complete sentences.

    Despite being a truly remarkable feat of learning, this is one that is performed by the vast (8)_________ of human beings. Complex operations are brought (9)________ play in these dealing with speech and language; the key (10)_______ in brain work, though tongue – work and ear – work play a part in the whole process.

 

1
11 tháng 8 2020

If there is just one single thing more astonishing than the ability of the adult human being to talk, it is the process by which someone learns to do this. Some parts of the process are still (1)___quite_____ much a closed book, but it is for the (2)____visible_____ part possible to describe what the child is doing at various stages in its development, even if we cannot account (3)___for_____ how exactly it learns to do these things.

In fact, research carried out by various linguists has (4)___given______ rise to as many theories as there are differences in the rate of development. A baby actually makes sounds from the moment it is born, but for some time these are rather far removed (5)_____by____ arulate speech. In something a year, a baby will probably be at a stage where one or two syllables represent the peak of its achievement as a speaker; one more year and it will be (6)___better____ out with short phrases, and after this it seems (7)________ time at all before the child is capable of uttering complete sentences.

    Despite being a truly remarkable feat of learning, this is one that is performed by the vast (8)___diversity______ of human beings. Complex operations are brought (9)________ play in these dealing with speech and language; the key (10)_______ in brain work, though tongue – work and ear – work play a part in the whole process

Our sun is actually an orange, dwarf star. Although it is not nearly the ........(hot) star known, its surface temperature is about 10,000'F and that of its interior is thought to be in the range of 20,000,000'F. We ........... (common) think of the sun as burning, yet it's too hot to burn and is composed of elemental gases. The sun is 865,000 miles in diameter and has a mass one-third of a million times ..........(great) than the Earth's. Scientists believe that it's two billion years old and,...
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Our sun is actually an orange, dwarf star. Although it is not nearly the ........(hot) star known, its surface temperature is about 10,000'F and that of its interior is thought to be in the range of 20,000,000'F. We ........... (common) think of the sun as burning, yet it's too hot to burn and is composed of elemental gases.
The sun is 865,000 miles in diameter and has a mass one-third of a million times ..........(great) than the Earth's. Scientists believe that it's two billion years old and, instead of cooling, is still getting hotter. Perhaps, within the next two billion years, it will reach a temperature of sufficient intensity to destroy the Earth.
The sun's corona is almost as hot as interior. Solar prominences-tongues of hot gas-leap outward a half million miles from the sun's surface at speeds reaching 250,000 miles an hour. ........... (fortune) , these prominences do not travel the full ninety three million miles to earth, nor are their terrific temperatures transmitted through space. Some of the energy from these ......... (urban) does not reach our atmosphere, however, and is believed to cause changes in weather.Our sun is actually an orange, dwarf star. Although it is not nearly the hottest star known, its surface temperature is about 10,000'F and that of its interior is thought to be in the range of 20,000,000'F. We commonly think of the sun as burning, yet it's too hot to burn and is composed of elemental gases.
The sun is 865,000 miles in diameter and has a mass one-third of a million times greater than the Earth's. Scientists believe that it's two billion years old and, instead of cooling, is still getting hotter. Perhaps, within the next two billion years, it will reach a temperature of sufficient intensity to destroy the Earth.

3
4 tháng 1 2020

Our sun is actually an orange, dwarf star. Although it is not nearly the ....hottest ....(hot) star known, its surface temperature is about 10,000'F and that of its interior is thought to be in the range of 20,000,000'F. We ......commonly ..... (common) think of the sun as burning, yet it's too hot to burn and is composed of elemental gases.
The sun is 865,000 miles in diameter and has a mass one-third of a million times ......greater ....(great) than the Earth's. Scientists believe that it's two billion years old and, instead of cooling, is still getting hotter. Perhaps, within the next two billion years, it will reach a temperature of sufficient intensity to destroy the Earth.
The sun's corona is almost as hot as interior. Solar prominences-tongues of hot gas-leap outward a half million miles from the sun's surface at speeds reaching 250,000 miles an hour. ........Fortunately... (fortune) , these prominences do not travel the full ninety three million miles to earth, nor are their terrific temperatures transmitted through space. Some of the energy from these ..disturbances ....... (urban) does not reach our atmosphere, however, and is believed to cause changes in weather.Our sun is actually an orange, dwarf star. Although it is not nearly the hottest star known, its surface temperature is about 10,000'F and that of its interior is thought to be in the range of 20,000,000'F. We commonly think of the sun as burning, yet it's too hot to burn and is composed of elemental gases.
The sun is 865,000 miles in diameter and has a mass one-third of a million times greater than the Earth's. Scientists believe that it's two billion years old and, instead of cooling, is still getting hotter. Perhaps, within the next two billion years, it will reach a temperature of sufficient intensity to destroy the Earth.

4 tháng 1 2020

Our sun is actually an orange, dwarf star. Although it is not nearly the hottest star known, its surface temperature is about 10,000'F and that of its interior is thought to be in the range of 20,000,000'F. We commonly think of the sun as burning, yet it's too hot to burn and is composed of elemental gases.
The sun is 865,000 miles in diameter and has a mass one-third of a million times greater than the Earth's. Scientists believe that it's two billion years old and, instead of cooling, is still getting hotter. Perhaps, within the next two billion years, it will reach a temperature of sufficient intensity to destroy the Earth.
The sun's corona is almost as hot as interior. Solar prominences-tongues of hot gas-leap outward a half million miles from the sun's surface at speeds reaching 250,000 miles an hour. Fortunately, these prominences do not travel the full ninety three million miles to earth, nor are their terrific temperatures transmitted through space. Some of the energy from these disurbances does not reach our atmosphere, however, and is believed to cause changes in weather.Our sun is actually an orange, dwarf star. Although it is not nearly the hottest star known, its surface temperature is about 10,000'F and that of its interior is thought to be in the range of 20,000,000'F. We commonly think of the sun as burning, yet it's too hot to burn and is composed of elemental gases.
The sun is 865,000 miles in diameter and has a mass one-third of a million times greater than the Earth's. Scientists believe that it's two billion years old and, instead of cooling, is still getting hotter. Perhaps, within the next two billion years, it will reach a temperature of sufficient intensity to destroy the Earth

Shyness is a problem that is common to many people. In (16)________, according to Mr. Zimbardo, a distinguished psychologist at Standford university, eight (17)_______ of ten people are reported to (18)________ been shy at some (19)________ in their lives. Most people (20)_______ have this condition, suffer feelings of discomfort and anxiety at the (21)_________ of meeting others, especially at social gatherings (22)________ parties. Keeping away from such situations is not really a solution,...
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Shyness is a problem that is common to many people. In (16)________, according to Mr. Zimbardo, a distinguished psychologist at Standford university, eight (17)_______ of ten people are reported to (18)________ been shy at some (19)________ in their lives. Most people (20)_______ have this condition, suffer feelings of discomfort and anxiety at the (21)_________ of meeting others, especially at social gatherings (22)________ parties. Keeping away from such situations is not really a solution, of course, and if a shy person can manage to overcome their fears they (23)_______ gain a feeling of self-satisfaction as (24)________ as improving their social life. However, if the case of shyness is severe, when important occasions are missed or a person’s social, educational or professional life is affected, (25)_______ the label “shyness” is inappropriate. (26)______ this stage, it is termed “social phobia”. Those suffering (27)_______ this condition are very often bright, talented and sensitive people. But feelings of social isolation, resulting (28)_______ loneliness, can lead to additional problems (29)______ as alcohol abuse or addiction to medication. Fortunately, a number of treatments are available and come in the form of individual (30) ________ group therapy and training. Therefore, a person who has social phobia has an excellent chance of recovering.Shyness is a problem that is common to many people. In (16)________, according to Mr. Zimbardo, a distinguished psychologist at Standford university, eight (17)_______ of ten people are reported to (18)________ been shy at some (19)________ in their lives. Most people (20)_______ have this condition, suffer feelings of discomfort and anxiety at the (21)_________ of meeting others, especially at social gatherings (22)________ parties. Keeping away from such situations is not really a solution, of course, and if a shy person can manage to overcome their fears they (23)_______ gain a feeling of self-satisfaction as (24)________ as improving their social life. However, if the case of shyness is severe, when important occasions are missed or a person’s social, educational or professional life is affected, (25)_______ the label “shyness” is inappropriate. (26)______ this stage, it is termed “social phobia”. Those suffering (27)_______ this condition are very often bright, talented and sensitive people. But feelings of social isolation, resulting (28)_______ loneliness, can lead to additional problems (29)______ as alcohol abuse or addiction to medication. Fortunately, a number of treatments are available and come in the form of individual (30) ________ group therapy and training. Therefore, a person who has social phobia has an excellent chance of recovering.Shyness is a problem that is common to many people. In (16)________, according to Mr. Zimbardo, a distinguished psychologist at Standford university, eight (17)_______ of ten people are reported to (18)________ been shy at some (19)________ in their lives. Most people (20)_______ have this condition, suffer feelings of discomfort and anxiety at the (21)_________ of meeting others, especially at social gatherings (22)________ parties. Keeping away from such situations is not really a solution, of course, and if a shy person can manage to overcome their fears they (23)_______ gain a feeling of self-satisfaction as (24)________ as improving their social life. However, if the case of shyness is severe, when important occasions are missed or a person’s social, educational or professional life is affected, (25)_______ the label “shyness” is inappropriate. (26)______ this stage, it is termed “social phobia”. Those suffering (27)_______ this condition are very often bright, talented and sensitive people. But feelings of social isolation, resulting (28)_______ loneliness, can lead to additional problems (29)______ as alcohol abuse or addiction to medication. Fortunately, a number of treatments are available and come in the form of individual (30) ________ group therapy and training. Therefore, a person who has social phobia has an excellent chance of recovering

1
23 tháng 6 2017

mấy cái này trên mạng có hết mà

bạn nên tham khảo trc khi gửi câu hỏi nhé

Link : FCE Practice | Some FCE exercises to keep your English warm

Read the each time the text below.Use the word given in at the end of each line to form a word that fits on the space in the same line: THE ENVIRONMENT:OUR RESPONSIBILITY. These days it is(0)...to open a newspaper without reading about the(possible)...damage we are doing to to the environment.The earth is being(1)...(threat)and the future looks bad.What can each of us do? We cannot clean up our(2)...(pollution)rivers and seas overnight.Not can...
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Read the each time the text below.Use the word given in at the end of each line to form a word that fits on the space in the same line:

THE ENVIRONMENT:OUR RESPONSIBILITY.

These days it is(0)...to open a newspaper without reading about the(possible)...damage we are doing to to the environment.The earth is being(1)...(threat)and the future looks bad.What can each of us do?

We cannot clean up our(2)...(pollution)rivers and seas overnight.Not can we stop the(3)...(appear)of plants and animals.But we can stop adding to the problem while(4)...(science)search for answers and laws are passed in nature's(5)....(depend).

It may not be easy t change your lifestyle(6)...(complete),but some steps are easy to take:cut down the amount of(7)...(drive)you do,or use as little plastic as possible.It is also easy to save energy,which also reduce(8)...(house)bills.We must all make a personal(9)...(decide)to word for the future of our planet if we want to(10)..(sure) a better world for our grand children.

1
22 tháng 7 2017

Read the each time the text below.Use the word given in at the end of each line to form a word that fits on the space in the same line:

THE ENVIRONMENT:OUR RESPONSIBILITY.

These days it is(0)..impossible...to open a newspaper without reading about the(possible).damage we are doing to to the environment.The earth is being(1)threatened...(threat)and the future looks bad.What can each of us do?

We cannot clean up our(2).polluted..(pollution)rivers and seas overnight.Not can we stop the(3).disappearance..(appear)of plants and animals.But we can stop adding to the problem while(4)...scientists(science)search for answers and laws are passed in nature's(5).dependence...(depend).

It may not be easy t change your lifestyle(6)completely...(complete),but some steps are easy to take:cut down the amount of(7)..driving.(drive)you do,or use as little plastic as possible.It is also easy to save energy,which also reduce(8)..household.(house)bills.We must all make a personal(9).decision..(decide)to word for the future of our planet if we want to(10)make sure..(sure) a better world for our grand children.

Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap.Use only ONE word in each gap. Surely(0)...one...of the most amazing sights on Earth is the display of natural light in th night sky known(1).........the Northern Lights.It is something everyone should see(2).........least once in their life. These lights,(3).........are mainly visible in Àrctic region,are caused when material from the sun reaches the Earth'smagnetic field.On the(4).........the most common colours...
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Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap.Use only ONE word in each gap.

Surely(0)...one...of the most amazing sights on Earth is the display of natural light in th night sky known(1).........the Northern Lights.It is something everyone should see(2).........least once in their life.

These lights,(3).........are mainly visible in Àrctic region,are caused when material from the sun reaches the Earth'smagnetic field.On the(4).........the most common colours are green and red,although sometimes blue ar purple lights can be seen.They often look like brightly coloured clouds dacing across the sky,in displays that can last several hours.

(5).........you want to observe the Northern Lights,it's best to get as close to the North Pole as possible durng the winter,in(6).........of the extreme cold.Seeing the lights in the short Arctic summer is not really possible in view of the fact that they are only visible in darkness,and during the months(7)..........the sun never sets there is daylight 24 hours day.

Weather conditions also(8).........a big diference.The lights cannot be seen(9).........the sky is clear,so there must be no fog or heavy clouds.Bright moonlight can also reduce the intensity of the lights and because of(10).........you should avoid any nights that have afull moon.

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III. You are going to read an article about a national vote for people’s favourite tree. Six sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from the sentences A-G the one which fits each gap (16). There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use. TREE OF THE YEAR The aim of the national Tree of the Year competition is to promote and celebrate the most interesting trees around the country. Images and descriptions of a shortlist of 28 trees are put online and the public are...
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III. You are going to read an article about a national vote for people’s favourite tree. Six sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from the sentences A-G the one which fits each gap (16). There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use.

TREE OF THE YEAR

The aim of the national Tree of the Year competition is to promote and celebrate the most interesting trees around the country. Images and descriptions of a shortlist of 28 trees are put online and the public are asked to vote for their favourite.

The four trees that gain the most votes before 5 p.m. on 5th October will be given a grant of £1,000. In addition, all trees that receive 1,000 or more votes will get a grant of £500. The grants may be spent on a tree health check or advice from a tree expert, or an educational event, for example. (82) ………………. Among the 28 shortlisted trees there are a wide range of tree species, each with its own unique, fascinating story. For example, the ‘Ding Dong’ tree is a copper beech tree growing in a primary school playground. It was named the ‘Ding Dong’ tree because of a game pupils invented in which they race to touch its trunk, shouting ‘Ding Dong!’ The protective space underneath the 50-year-old tree is used as a magical outdoor classroom, while the indoor classroom displays pictures of the tree through each season of the year. (83) ……………….

Many of the other trees in the competition are remarkable for their age alone. The Craigends Yew, for example, is thought to be up to 700 years old, making it one of the oldest in Scotland. It is an amazing sight as many of its branches have layered. (84) ………………. As a result of these extra growths, the total size when measured around the tree’s crown (the main body of its leaves and branches) is a massive 100 metres.

Another very old tree, the Holm Oak in Kilbroney Park, Northern Ireland, is much loved by local people. It measures 3.6 metres around the trunk, and its beautiful bark looks like the skin of a snake. (85) ………………. The advantage of this lack of uprightness is that young children can climb safely and easily on it. Kilbroney Park is home to many remarkable trees, but this tree was chosen as the favourite by community members.

A 500-year-old veteran oak tree stands in the ancient woodland pasture at Carngafallt in Wales. One of the interesting things about this twisted, hollow tree is that it has several ‘air trees’ growing out of it. An ‘air tree’ is one growing without its roots touching the ground. (86) ………………. It extends its roots down inside the oak’s hollow trunk.

The original Bramley apple tree in Nottinghamshire is younger than many in this competition, but is the famous parent of all modern Bramley apple trees. (87) ………………. Many years later, Matthew Bramley, the new owner of the tree, was carrying some of his fruit when he met a gardener called Henry Merryweather. Henry asked if he could take some cuttings from Matthew's trees to grow his own trees. Mr Bramley agreed, provided they were named ‘Bramley's Seedling’.


A. This means that they are touching the ground and have taken root.

B. These roots have become enormous with age and have now emerged above the ground. Children love to jump over them like horses in a race.

C. But the most distinctive thing about this tree is that its main trunk is leaning towards the ground at an angle of 45 degrees. D. The best example of this on the big old tree is another species of tree called a rowan.

E. Alternatively, they could be used to hold a community event in honour of the tree. F. It was planted from a seed in 1809 by a woman called Ann Brailsford.

G. Children hang bird feeders from its branches and it is used as the focus of many of the educational activities going on around it.

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