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1. a) Ta có BCNN(12, 15) = 60 nên ta lấy mẫu chung của hai phân số là 60.
Thừa số phụ:
60:12 =5; 60:15=4
Ta được:
\(\frac{5}{{12}} = \frac{{5.5}}{{12.5}} = \frac{{25}}{{60}}\)
\(\frac{7}{{15}} = \frac{{7.4}}{{15.4}} = \frac{{28}}{{60}}\)
b) Ta có BCNN(7, 9, 12) = 252 nên ta lấy mẫu chung của ba phân số là 252.
Thừa số phụ:
252:7 = 36; 252:9 = 28; 252:12 = 21
Ta được:
\(\frac{2}{7} = \frac{{2.36}}{{7.36}} = \frac{{72}}{{252}}\)
\(\frac{4}{9} = \frac{{4.28}}{{9.28}} = \frac{{112}}{{252}}\)
\(\frac{7}{{12}} = \frac{{7.21}}{{12.21}} = \frac{{147}}{{252}}\)
2. a) Ta có BCNN(8, 24) = 24 nên:
\(\frac{3}{8} + \frac{5}{{24}} = \frac{{3.3}}{{8.3}} + \frac{5}{{24}} = \frac{9}{{24}} + \frac{5}{{24}} = \frac{{14}}{{24}} = \frac{7}{{12}}\)
b) Ta có BCNN(12, 16) = 48 nên:
\(\frac{7}{{16}} - \frac{5}{{12}} = \frac{{7.3}}{{16.3}} - \frac{{5.4}}{{12.4}} = \frac{{21}}{{48}} - \frac{{20}}{{48}} = \frac{1}{{48}}\).
a) Ta có: \(12 = 2^2 . 3; 15 = 3.5\)
\(BCNN(12, 15) = 2^2.3.5 = 60\) nên chọn mẫu chung là 60.
\(\begin{array}{l}\frac{9}{{12}} = \frac{{9.5}}{{12.5}} = \frac{{45}}{{60}}\\\frac{7}{{15}} = \frac{{7.4}}{{15.4}} = \frac{{28}}{{60}}\end{array}\)
b) Ta có: \(10 = 2.5; 4 = 2^2; 14=2.7\)
\(BCNN(10, 4, 14) =2^2.5.7= 140\) nên chọn mẫu chung là 140.
\(\begin{array}{l}\frac{7}{{10}} = \frac{{7.14}}{{10.14}} = \frac{{98}}{{140}}\\\frac{3}{4} = \frac{{3.35}}{{4.35}} = \frac{{105}}{{140}}\\\frac{9}{{14}} = \frac{{9.10}}{{14.10}} = \frac{{90}}{{140}}\end{array}\)
a) \(\frac{4}{9}\)và \(\frac{7}{15}\)
Ta có: \(9 = 3^2 ; 15 = 3.5\) nên \(BCNN (9,15) = 3^2. 5 = 45\). Do đó ta có thể chọn mẫu chung là 45.
\(\frac{4}{9}=\frac{4.5}{9.5}=\frac{20}{45}\)
\(\frac{7}{15}=\frac{7.3}{15.3}=\frac{21}{45}\)
b) \(\frac{5}{12}; \frac{7}{15}\) và \(\frac{4}{27}\)
Ta có: \(12=2^2.3\); \(15 = 3.5\) ; \(27=3^3\) nên BCNN(12, 15, 27) =\(2^2.3^3.5=540\). Do đó ta có thể chọn mẫu chung là 540.
\(\frac{5}{12}=\frac{5.45}{12.45}=\frac{225}{540}\)
\(\frac{7}{15}=\frac{7.36}{15.36}=\frac{252}{540}\)
\(\frac{4}{27}=\frac{4.20}{27.20}=\frac{80}{540}\)
a: \(\dfrac{5}{7}=\dfrac{5\cdot11}{7\cdot11}=\dfrac{55}{77}\)
\(\dfrac{9}{11}=\dfrac{9\cdot7}{11\cdot7}=\dfrac{63}{77}\)
b: \(\dfrac{36}{42}=\dfrac{6}{7}=\dfrac{6\cdot9}{7\cdot9}=\dfrac{54}{63}\)
\(-\dfrac{12}{54}=\dfrac{-2}{9}=\dfrac{-2\cdot7}{9\cdot7}=-\dfrac{14}{63}\)
c: \(\dfrac{-11}{30}=\dfrac{-11\cdot4}{30\cdot4}=\dfrac{-44}{120}\)
\(\dfrac{-17}{-40}=\dfrac{17}{40}=\dfrac{17\cdot3}{40\cdot3}=\dfrac{51}{120}\)
d: \(\dfrac{36}{42}=\dfrac{6}{7}=\dfrac{6\cdot3}{7\cdot3}=\dfrac{18}{21}\)
\(\dfrac{-12}{36}=\dfrac{-1}{3}=\dfrac{-1\cdot7}{3\cdot7}=\dfrac{-7}{21}\)
a: \(\dfrac{-7}{15}=\dfrac{-7\cdot4}{15\cdot4}=\dfrac{-28}{60}\)
\(\dfrac{5}{12}=\dfrac{5\cdot5}{12\cdot5}=\dfrac{25}{60}\)
b: \(\dfrac{1}{5}=\dfrac{1\cdot6}{5\cdot6}=\dfrac{6}{30}\)
\(\dfrac{-2}{3}=\dfrac{-2\cdot10}{3\cdot10}=\dfrac{-20}{30}\)
\(\dfrac{7}{10}=\dfrac{7\cdot3}{10\cdot3}=\dfrac{21}{30}\)
c: \(\dfrac{-15}{50}=\dfrac{-15\cdot3}{50\cdot3}=\dfrac{-45}{150}\)
\(\dfrac{9}{10}=\dfrac{9\cdot15}{10\cdot15}=\dfrac{135}{150}\)
\(\dfrac{26}{-30}=\dfrac{-26}{30}=\dfrac{-26\cdot5}{30\cdot5}=\dfrac{-130}{150}\)
d: \(\dfrac{7}{10}=\dfrac{7\cdot51}{10\cdot51}=\dfrac{357}{510}\)
\(\dfrac{-5}{-15}=\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{1\cdot170}{3\cdot170}=\dfrac{170}{510}\)
\(\dfrac{3}{17}=\dfrac{3\cdot30}{17\cdot30}=\dfrac{90}{510}\)
e: \(\dfrac{-4}{-75}=\dfrac{4}{75}=\dfrac{4}{75}\)
\(\dfrac{-3}{5}=\dfrac{-3\cdot15}{5\cdot15}=\dfrac{-45}{75}\)
\(\dfrac{8}{25}=\dfrac{8\cdot3}{25\cdot3}=\dfrac{24}{75}\)
f: \(-\dfrac{4}{5}=\dfrac{-4\cdot7}{5\cdot7}=\dfrac{-28}{35}\)
\(\dfrac{6}{7}=\dfrac{6\cdot5}{7\cdot5}=\dfrac{30}{35}\)
a)
i.Ta có: BCNN(12, 30) = 60
60 : 12 = 5; 60 : 30 = 2. Do đó:
\(\frac{5}{{12}} = \frac{{5.5}}{{12.5}} = \frac{{25}}{{60}}\) và \(\frac{7}{{30}} = \frac{{7.2}}{{30.2}} = \frac{{14}}{{60}}.\)
ii.Ta có: BCNN(2, 5, 8) = 40
40 : 2 = 20; 40 : 5 = 8; 40 : 8 = 5. Do đó:
\(\frac{1}{2} = \frac{{1.20}}{{2.20}} = \frac{{20}}{{40}}\)
\(\frac{3}{5} = \frac{{3.8}}{{5.8}} = \frac{{24}}{{40}}\)
\(\frac{5}{8} = \frac{{5.5}}{{8.5}} = \frac{{25}}{{40}}\).
b)
i.Ta có: BCNN(6, 8) = 24
24 : 6 = 4; 24: 8 = 3. Do đó
\(\begin{array}{l}\frac{1}{6} + \frac{5}{8} = \frac{{1.4}}{{6.4}} + \frac{{5.3}}{{8.3}}\\ = \frac{4}{{24}} + \frac{{15}}{{24}} = \frac{{19}}{{24}}.\end{array}\)
ii. Ta có: BCNN(24, 30) = 120
120: 24 = 5; 120: 30 = 4. Do đó:
\(\begin{array}{l}\frac{{11}}{{24}} - \frac{7}{{30}} = \frac{{11.5}}{{24.5}} - \frac{{7.4}}{{30.4}}\\ = \frac{{55}}{{120}} - \frac{{28}}{{120}} = \frac{{27}}{{120}} = \frac{9}{{40}}\end{array}\)
a) Ta có BCNN(3,7)=21
Thừa số phụ: 21:3=7 và 21:7=3
\(\dfrac{2}{3} = \dfrac{{2.7}}{{3.7}} = \dfrac{{14}}{{21}}\) và \(\dfrac{{ - 6}}{7} = \dfrac{{ - 6.3}}{{7.3}} = \dfrac{{ - 18}}{{21}}\)
b) Ta có \(BCNN\left( {\left( {{2^2}{{.3}^2}} \right),\left( {{2^2}.3} \right)} \right) = {2^2}{.3^2}\)
Thừa số phụ \(\left( {{2^2}{{.3}^2}} \right):\left( {{2^2}.3^2} \right) = 1\) và \(\left( {{2^2}{{.3}^2}} \right):\left( {{2^2}.3} \right) = 3\)
\(\dfrac{5}{{{2^2}{{.3}^2}}}\) và \(\dfrac{{ - 7}}{{{2^2}.3}} = \dfrac{{ - 7.3}}{{{2^2}{{.3}^2}}} = \dfrac{{ - 21}}{{{2^2}{{.3}^2}}}\)
1a. chọn mẫu chung là 120,ta có
\(\frac{7}{30}=\frac{7.4}{30.4}=\frac{28}{120}\)
\(\frac{13}{60}=\frac{13.2}{60.2}=\frac{26}{120}\)
\(\frac{-9}{40}=\frac{-9.3}{40.3}=\frac{27}{120}\)
vậy....
1b. chon mẫu số chung là 60
\(\frac{3}{-20}=\frac{-3.3}{20.3}=-\frac{9}{60}\)
\(\frac{-11}{-30}=\frac{-11.\left(-2\right)}{-30.\left(-2\right)}=\frac{22}{60}\)
\(\frac{7}{15}=\frac{7.4}{15.4}=\frac{28}{60}\)
2a.\(\frac{-15}{90}=\frac{-1}{6};\frac{120}{600}=\frac{1}{5};\frac{-75}{150}=\frac{-1}{2}\)
mẫu chung 30
\(\frac{-1}{6}=-\frac{5}{30};\frac{1}{5}=\frac{16}{30};-\frac{1}{2}=\frac{-15}{30}\)
vậy...