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Đặt \(A=x^2+y^2+xy+3x+3y+2018\)
\(4.A=4x^2+4y^2+4xy+12x+12y+8072\)
\(4.A=\left(4x^2+4xy+y^2\right)+3y^2+12x+12y+8072\)
\(4.A=\left[\left(2x+y\right)^2+2\left(2x+y\right).3+9\right]+3\left(y^2+2y+1\right)+8060\)
\(4.A=\left(2x+y+3\right)^2+3\left(y+1\right)^2+8060\)
Mà \(\left(2x+y+3\right)^2\ge0\forall x;y\)
\(\left(y+1\right)^2\ge0\forall y\)\(\Rightarrow3\left(y+1\right)^2\ge0\forall y\)
\(\Rightarrow4.A\ge8060\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A\ge2015\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi :
\(\hept{\begin{cases}2x+y+3=0\\y+1=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-1\\y=-1\end{cases}}\)
Vậy ...
đặt x+y=a; xy=b; ta có \(b\le\frac{a^2}{4}\)
B = \(a^2-b-3a+2019\ge a^2-\frac{a^2}{4}-3a+2019=\frac{3}{4}\left(a-2\right)^2+2016\)\(\ge2016\)
B đạt GTNN khi a= \(2;a^2=4b\) <=> x=y = 1
\(A=x^2+y^2+xy+3x+3y+2018\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2A=2x^2+2y^2+2xy+6x+6y+4036\)
\(=\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2+6x+9\right)+\left(y^2+6y+9\right)+4018\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x+3\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2+4018\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x+3\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2}{2}+2009\)
Ta có : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+y\right)^2\ge0\\\left(x+3\right)^2\ge0\\\left(y+3\right)^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x+3\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2}{2}+2009\ge2009\)
Dấu = xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+y\right)^2=0\\\left(x+3\right)^2=0\\\left(y+3\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=-3\)
Vậy \(Min_A=2009\Leftrightarrow x=y=-3\)
\(A=x^2+y^2+xy-3x-3y+2-18\)
\(=\left(x^2+\dfrac{y^2}{4}+\dfrac{9}{4}+xy-3x-\dfrac{3y}{2}\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+2015\)\(=\left(x+\dfrac{y}{2}-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\left(y-1\right)^2+2015\ge2015\)
\(A_{min}=2015\) khi \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;1\right)\)