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\(m_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{200\cdot32}{100}=64\left(g\right)\)\(\Rightarrow n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{64}{160}=0,4mol\)
\(m_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{200\cdot10,4}{100}=20,8\left(g\right)\)\(\Rightarrow n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{20,8}{208}=0,1mol\)
\(CuSO_4+BaCl_2\rightarrow BaSO_4\downarrow+CuCl_2\)
0,4 0,1 0,1 0,1
b)\(m_{BaSO_4}=0,1\cdot233=23,3\left(g\right)\)
c)\(m_{CuCl_2}=0,1\cdot135=13,5\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddsau}=200+200-13,5=386,5\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%=\dfrac{23,3}{386,5}\cdot100\%=6,028\%\)
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{1,6}{160}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{49.6\%}{98}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)
0,01 0,03 0,01
\(C\%_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,01.400}{1,6+49}.100\%=7,91\left(\%\right)\)
c, axit phản ứng hết
Ta có: \(n_{Ba}=\dfrac{8,22}{137}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có: \(C_{\%_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{m_{H_2SO_4}}{200}.100\%=1,96\%\)
=> \(m_{H_2SO_4}=3,92\left(g\right)\)
=> \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{3,92}{98}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Ba + H2SO4 ---> BaSO4↓ + H2
Ta thấy: \(\dfrac{0,06}{1}>\dfrac{0,04}{1}\)
=> Ba dư
Theo PT: \(n_{BaSO_4}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{BaSO_4}=0,04.233=9,32\left(g\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{H_2}=0,04.2=0,08\left(g\right)\)
Ta có: \(m_{dd_{BaSO_4}}=8,22+200-0,08=208,14\left(g\right)\)
=> \(C_{\%_{BaSO_4}}=\dfrac{9,32}{208,14}.100\%\approx4,48\%\)
a/ 2NaOH + CuSO4 -----> Na2SO4 + Cu(OH)2
b/ \(m_{CuSO_4}=200.b\%\) \(\Rightarrow n_{CuSO_4}=\frac{200.b\%}{160}=\frac{5.b\%}{4}\) (mol)
\(m_{NaOH}=4\%.150=6\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=\frac{6}{40}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Theo đề bài thì 2nNaOH = nCuSO4
\(\Rightarrow\frac{5}{4}.b\%=0,3\Rightarrow b\%=0,24\%\)
PTHH: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{200\cdot9,8\%}{98}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,2}{3}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Fe2O3 còn dư, tính theo axit
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_2O_3\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{30}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1\cdot400=40\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe_2O_3\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{30}\cdot160\approx5,3\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{40}{16+200-5,3}\cdot100\%\approx18,98\%\)
\(a.HCl+NaOH\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
PỨ trung hoà
\(b,n_{NaOH}=0,1.1=0,1mol\\ n_{NaCl}=n_{NaOH}=n_{HCl}0,1mol\\ m=m_{HCl}=0,1.36,5=3,65g\\ c,m_{NaCl}=0,1.58,5=5,85g\\ d,n_{HCl}=\dfrac{73.10}{100.36,5}=0,2mol\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,2}{1}\Rightarrow HCl.dư\\ n_{HCl,pứ}=n_{NaOH}=0,1mol\\ m_{HCl,dư}=\left(0,2-0,1\right).36,5=3,65g\)
\(m_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{200.5,2}{100}=10,4\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{10,4}{208}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{58,8.20}{100}=11,76\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{11,76}{98}=0,12\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:BaCl_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow BaSO_4\downarrow+2HCl\)
- Ta có: 0,05/1 < 0,12/1
=> BaCl2 hết, H2SO4 dư.
=> Các chất trong dd sau phản ứng là H2SO4 (dư) và HCl.
\(n_{BaSO_4}=n_{BaCl_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ \rightarrow m_{BaSO_4}=0,05.233=11,65\left(g\right)\)
Ta có: \(m_{ddsau}=200+58,8-11,65=247,15\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=11,76-\left(0,12-0,05\right).98=4,9\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=2.0,05=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,1.36,5=3,65\left(g\right)\)
=> \(C\%_{ddH_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{4,9}{247,15}.100\approx1,983\%\)
\(C\%ddHCl=\dfrac{3,65}{217,15}.100\approx1,477\%\)