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Gợi ý: Sử dụng tính chất phân phối của phép nhân đối với phép cộng để nhóm thừa số chung ra ngoài.
11: \(=\dfrac{-5}{7}+\dfrac{5}{67}+\dfrac{13}{30}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{11}{6}+\dfrac{17}{14}+\dfrac{2}{5}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{-5}{7}+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{17}{14}\right)+\left(\dfrac{13}{30}-\dfrac{11}{6}+\dfrac{2}{5}\right)+\dfrac{5}{67}\)
\(=\dfrac{-10+7+17}{14}+\dfrac{13-55+12}{30}+\dfrac{5}{67}\)
\(=1-1+\dfrac{5}{67}=\dfrac{5}{67}\)
12: \(=\dfrac{-1}{4}\cdot\dfrac{152}{11}-\dfrac{1}{4}\cdot\dfrac{68}{11}\)
\(=\dfrac{-1}{4}\left(\dfrac{152}{11}+\dfrac{68}{11}\right)=-\dfrac{1}{4}\cdot20=-5\)
a) \(5\dfrac{4}{23}.27\dfrac{3}{47}+4\dfrac{3}{47}.\left(-5\dfrac{4}{23}\right)\)
\(=5\dfrac{4}{23}.27\dfrac{3}{47}+\left(-4\dfrac{3}{47}\right).5\dfrac{4}{23}\)
\(=5\dfrac{4}{23}.\left[27\dfrac{3}{47}+\left(-4\dfrac{3}{47}\right)\right]\)
\(=5\dfrac{4}{23}.\left(27\dfrac{3}{47}-4\dfrac{3}{27}\right)\)
\(=5\dfrac{4}{23}.23\)
\(=\dfrac{119}{23}.23\)
\(=\dfrac{119}{23}\)
b) \(4.\left(\dfrac{-1}{2}\right)^3+\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(=4.\dfrac{-1}{6}+\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{-4}{6}+\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{-2}{3}+\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{-4}{6}+\dfrac{9}{6}\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{6}\)
c) \(\left(\dfrac{1999}{2011}-\dfrac{2011}{1999}\right)-\left(\dfrac{-12}{1999}-\dfrac{12}{2011}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1999}{2011}-\dfrac{2011}{1999}-\dfrac{-12}{1999}+\dfrac{12}{2011}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1999}{2011}+\dfrac{12}{2011}\right)-\left(\dfrac{2011}{1999}+\dfrac{-12}{1999}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{2011}{2011}-\dfrac{1999}{1999}\)
\(=1-1\)
\(=0\)
d) \(\left(\dfrac{-5}{11}+\dfrac{7}{22}-\dfrac{-4}{33}-\dfrac{5}{44}\right):\left(\dfrac{381}{22}-39\dfrac{7}{22}\right)\)
(đợi đã, mình chưa tìm được hướng làm...)
a) Ta có: \(\left(\dfrac{617}{191}+\dfrac{29}{33}-\dfrac{115}{17}\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{20}\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{617}{191}+\dfrac{29}{33}-\dfrac{115}{17}\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{5}{20}-\dfrac{4}{20}-\dfrac{1}{20}\right)\)
\(=0\cdot\left(\dfrac{617}{191}+\dfrac{29}{33}-\dfrac{115}{17}\right)=0\)
b) Ta có: \(\dfrac{12}{5}\cdot\left(\dfrac{10}{3}-\dfrac{5}{12}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{12}{5}\cdot\left(\dfrac{40}{12}-\dfrac{5}{12}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{12}{5}\cdot\dfrac{35}{12}\)
=7
3) \(\dfrac{2}{3}-\left(-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{3}{5}-\dfrac{7}{45}-\left(-\dfrac{5}{9}\right)+\dfrac{1}{12}+\dfrac{1}{90}\)
= \(\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{5}-\dfrac{7}{45}+\dfrac{5}{9}+\dfrac{1}{12}+\dfrac{1}{90}\)
= \(\left(\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{3}{5}-\dfrac{7}{45}+\dfrac{5}{9}+\dfrac{1}{90}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{12}\right)\)
= \(\left(\dfrac{60}{90}+\dfrac{54}{90}-\dfrac{14}{90}+\dfrac{50}{90}+\dfrac{1}{9}\right)+\left(\dfrac{4}{12}+\dfrac{1}{12}\right)\)
= \(\dfrac{151}{90}+\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{151}{90}+\dfrac{30}{90}=\dfrac{181}{90}\)
a: \(=\dfrac{157}{8}\cdot\dfrac{12}{7}-\dfrac{61}{4}\cdot\dfrac{12}{7}\)
\(=\dfrac{12}{7}\left(\dfrac{157}{8}-\dfrac{122}{8}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{12}{7}\cdot\dfrac{35}{8}=5\cdot\dfrac{3}{2}=\dfrac{15}{2}\)
b: \(=\dfrac{2}{15}-\dfrac{2}{15}\cdot5+\dfrac{3}{15}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{2}{3}=-\dfrac{1}{3}\)
c: \(=\left(\dfrac{10}{3}+\dfrac{5}{2}\right):\left(\dfrac{19}{6}-\dfrac{21}{5}\right)-\dfrac{11}{31}\)
\(=\dfrac{35}{6}:\dfrac{-31}{30}-\dfrac{11}{31}\)
\(=\dfrac{35}{6}\cdot\dfrac{30}{-31}-\dfrac{11}{31}\)
\(=\dfrac{-35\cdot5-11}{31}=\dfrac{-186}{31}=-6\)
11) \(\dfrac{5}{7}\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{4}{7}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{4}{7}\right):\dfrac{7}{5}\)
= \(\dfrac{5}{7}\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{4}{7}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{4}{7}\right)\cdot\dfrac{5}{7}\)
= \(\dfrac{5}{7}\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{4}{7}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{4}{7}\right)\)
= \(\dfrac{5}{7}\cdot0\)
=0
12) \(\dfrac{43}{5}\left(\dfrac{17}{3}-\dfrac{16}{9}+2\right)-\dfrac{43}{5}\left(\dfrac{17}{3}-\dfrac{16}{9}\right)\)
= \(\dfrac{43}{5}\left(\dfrac{17}{3}-\dfrac{16}{9}+2-\dfrac{17}{3}+\dfrac{16}{9}\right)\)
= \(\dfrac{43}{5}\cdot2=\dfrac{43}{10}\)
11, 5/7( 1/2-1/3+1/4)+ (1/3-1/2-1/4):7/5
= 5/7.(1/2 - 1/3 + 1/4 )+( 1/3 - 1/2 - 1/4). 5/7
= 5/7.(1/2 - 2/3 + 1/4 + 1/3 - 1/2 - 1/4)
= 5/7 . -1/3
= -5/21
12, 43/5.(17/3 - 16/9 + 2)- 43/5. (17/3 - 16/9)
= 43/5.( 17/3 - 16/9 + 2 - 17/3 + 16/9)
= 43/5 . 2
= 86/5
\(\left(\dfrac{67}{111}+\dfrac{2}{33}-\dfrac{15}{117}\right).\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{12}\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{67}{111}+\dfrac{2}{33}-\dfrac{15}{117}\right).\left(\dfrac{4}{12}-\dfrac{3}{12}-\dfrac{1}{12}\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{67}{111}+\dfrac{2}{33}-\dfrac{15}{117}\right).\left(\dfrac{4-3-1}{12}\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{66}{111}+\dfrac{2}{33}+\dfrac{15}{117}\right).0\)
\(=0\)
\(\left(\dfrac{67}{111}+\dfrac{2}{33}-\dfrac{15}{117}\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{12}\right)\\ =\left(\dfrac{67}{111}+\dfrac{2}{33}-\dfrac{15}{117}\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{4}{12}-\dfrac{3}{12}-\dfrac{1}{12}\right)\\= \left(\dfrac{67}{111}+\dfrac{2}{33}-\dfrac{15}{117}\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{4-3-1}{12}\right)\\= \left(\dfrac{67}{111}+\dfrac{2}{33}-\dfrac{15}{117}\right)\cdot0\\ =0\)