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1) \(ĐKXĐ:\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge0\\x\ne4\end{cases}}\)
\(P=\frac{2+\sqrt{x}}{2-\sqrt{x}}-\frac{2-\sqrt{x}}{2+\sqrt{x}}-\frac{4x}{x-4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P=\frac{\left(2+\sqrt{x}\right)^2-\left(2-\sqrt{x}\right)^2+4x}{\left(2+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(2-\sqrt{x}\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P=\frac{4+4\sqrt{x}+x-4+4\sqrt{x}-x+4x}{\left(2+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(2-\sqrt{x}\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P=\frac{4x+8\sqrt{x}}{\left(2+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(2-\sqrt{x}\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P=\frac{4\sqrt{x}}{2-\sqrt{x}}\)
2) Để \(P=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{4\sqrt{x}}{2-\sqrt{x}}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\sqrt{x}=4-2\sqrt{x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6\sqrt{x}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=\frac{2}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{4}{9}\)
Vậy để \(P=2\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{4}{9}\)
3) Khi \(\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(2\sqrt{x}-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x}-2=0\\2\sqrt{x}-1==0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x}=2\\\sqrt{x}=\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=4\left(ktm\right)\\x=\frac{1}{4}\left(tm\right)\end{cases}}\)
Thay \(x=\frac{1}{4}\)vào P, ta được :
\(\Leftrightarrow P=\frac{4\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}}}{2-\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}}}=\frac{4\cdot\frac{1}{2}}{2-\frac{1}{2}}=\frac{2}{\frac{3}{2}}=\frac{4}{3}\)
4) Để \(P=\frac{\sqrt{x}+3}{2\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{4\sqrt{x}}{2-\sqrt{x}}=\frac{\sqrt{x}+3}{2\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8x-4\sqrt{x}=-x-\sqrt{x}+6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9x-3\sqrt{x}-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x-\sqrt{x}-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=3x-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=9x^2-12x+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9x^2-13x+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(9x-4\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}9x-4=0\\x-1=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{4}{9}\\x=1\end{cases}}\)
Thử lại ta được kết quá : \(x=\frac{4}{9}\left(ktm\right)\); \(x=1\left(tm\right)\)
Vậy để \(P=\frac{\sqrt{x}+3}{2\sqrt{x}-1}\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
5) Để biểu thức nhận giá trị nguyên
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{4\sqrt{x}}{2-\sqrt{x}}\inℤ\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\sqrt{x}⋮2-\sqrt{x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-4\left(2-\sqrt{x}\right)+8⋮2-\sqrt{x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8⋮2-\sqrt{x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2-\sqrt{x}\inƯ\left(8\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm2;\pm4;\pm8\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}\in\left\{1;3;0;4;-2;6;-6;10\right\}\)
Ta loại các giá trị < 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}\in\left\{1;3;0;4;6;10\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{1;9;0;16;36;100\right\}\)
Vậy để \(P\inℤ\Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{1;9;0;16;36;100\right\}\)
\(\)
Bài 1:
a) Để căn thức \(\sqrt{\frac{2}{9-x}}\) có nghĩa thì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{2}{9-x}\ge0\\9-x\ne0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}9-x>0\\x\ne9\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x< 9\\x\ne9\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x< 9\)
b) Ta có: \(x^2+2x+1\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)^2\)
mà \(\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
nên \(x^2+2x+1\ge0\forall x\)
Do đó: Căn thức \(\sqrt{x^2+2x+1}\) xác được với mọi x
c) Để căn thức \(\sqrt{x^2-4x}\) có nghĩa thì \(x^2-4x\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-4\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge0\\x-4\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x< 0\\x-4< 0\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge0\\x\ge4\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x< 0\\x< 4\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\ge4\\x< 0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 3:
a) Ta có: \(\sqrt{\left(3-\sqrt{10}\right)^2}\)
\(=\left|3-\sqrt{10}\right|\)
\(=\sqrt{10}-3\)(Vì \(3< \sqrt{10}\))
b) Ta có: \(\sqrt{9-4\sqrt{5}}\)
\(=\sqrt{5-2\cdot\sqrt{5}\cdot2+4}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-2\right)^2}\)
\(=\left|\sqrt{5}-2\right|\)
\(=\sqrt{5}-2\)(Vì \(\sqrt{5}>2\))
c) Ta có: \(3x-\sqrt{x^2-2x+1}\)
\(=3x-\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
\(=3x-\left|x-1\right|\)
\(=\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x-\left(x-1\right)\left(x\ge1\right)\\3x-\left(1-x\right)\left(x< 1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(=\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x-x+1\\3x-1+x\end{matrix}\right.=\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+1\\4x-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) \(x+3+\sqrt{x^2-6x+9}\left(x\le3\right)\)
\(=x+3+\sqrt{\left(x-3\right)^2}\)
\(=x+3+\left|x-3\right|\)
\(=x+3-\left(x-3\right)\)
\(=x+3-x+3\)
\(=6\)
b) \(\sqrt{x^2+4x+4}-\sqrt{x^2}\left(-2\le x\le0\right)\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(x+2\right)^2}-\sqrt{x^2}\)
\(=\left|x+2\right|-\left|x\right|\)
\(=x+2-\left(-x\right)\)
\(=x+2+x\)
\(=2x+2=2\left(x+1\right)\)
c) \(\frac{\sqrt{x^2-2x+1}}{x-1}\left(x>1\right)\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)^2}}{x-1}\)
\(=\frac{\left|x-1\right|}{x-1}\)
\(=\frac{x-1}{x-1}=1\)
d) \(\left|x-2\right|+\frac{\sqrt{x^2-4x+4}}{x-2}\)
\(=\left|x-2\right|+\frac{\sqrt{\left(x-2\right)^2}}{x-2}\)
\(=\left|x-2\right|+\frac{\left|x-2\right|}{x-2}\)
\(=\left|x-2\right|+\frac{-\left(x-2\right)}{x-2}\)
\(=\left|x-2\right|-1\)
\(=-\left(x-2\right)-1\)
\(=-x+2-1\)
\(=-x+1=-\left(x-1\right)\)
6/ Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt[4]{x}=a\\\sqrt[4]{2-x}=b\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow b^4+a^4=2\)
Từ đó ta có: a + b = 2
Ta có: \(a^4+b^2\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2}{2}\ge\frac{\left(a+b\right)^4}{8}=\frac{16}{8}=2\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi a = b = 1
=> x = 1
ĐKXĐ: \(x>0;x\ne\left\{4;9\right\}\)
\(P=\left(\frac{-\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}+\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}+\frac{4x}{x-4}\right).\frac{\sqrt{x}\left(2-\sqrt{x}\right)}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)
\(=\left(\frac{-x-4\sqrt{x}-4+x-4\sqrt{x}+4+4x}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}\right).\frac{\sqrt{x}\left(2-\sqrt{x}\right)}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)
\(=\left(\frac{4\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}\right).\frac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{3-\sqrt{x}}\)
\(=\frac{4x\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)^2}{3-\sqrt{x}}\)
Hình như bạn ghi nhầm đề
A = \(x^2+3x-7=x^2+2x\frac{3}{2}+\frac{9}{4}-\frac{37}{4}\)
\(=\left(x+\frac{3}{2}\right)^2-\frac{37}{4}\ge-\frac{37}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)min A = \(-\frac{37}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{3}{2}\)
B = \(x-5\sqrt{x}-1\) ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge0\)
\(=x-2\sqrt{x}\frac{5}{2}+\frac{25}{4}-\frac{29}{4}=\left(\sqrt{x}-\frac{5}{2}\right)^2-\frac{29}{4}\ge-\frac{29}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)min B = \(-\frac{29}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{25}{4}\)( thỏa mãn)
C = \(\frac{-4}{\sqrt{x}+7}\) ĐKXĐ:\(x\ge0\)
Ta có: \(\sqrt{x}+7\ge7\Rightarrow\frac{4}{\sqrt{x}+7}\le\frac{4}{7}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{-4}{\sqrt{x}+7}\ge-\frac{4}{7}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)min C = \(-\frac{4}{7}\Leftrightarrow x=0\)
D = \(\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}+3}\) ĐKXĐ:\(x\ge0\)
\(=1-\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}+3}\ge1-\frac{2}{3}=\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)min D = \(\frac{1}{3}\Leftrightarrow x=0\)
E = \(\frac{x+7}{\sqrt{x}+3}\) ĐKXĐ:\(x\ge0\)
\(=\frac{x-9+16}{\sqrt{x}+3}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)+16}{\sqrt{x}+3}=\sqrt{x}-3+\frac{16}{\sqrt{x}+3}=\sqrt{x}+3+\frac{16}{\sqrt{x}+3}-6\ge2\sqrt{16}-6=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\)min E = \(2\Leftrightarrow x=1\)(thỏa mãn)
F = \(\frac{x^2+3x+5}{x^2}\) ĐKXĐ: \(x\ne0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x^2\left(F-1\right)-3x-5=0\)
△ = \(3^2+20\left(F-1\right)\ge0\)\(\Leftrightarrow F\ge\frac{11}{20}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)min F = \(\frac{11}{20}\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{10}{3}\)( thỏa mãn)