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Đặt \(A=x^2+2y^2+2xy+2x+4y-1\)
\(A=\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2+2y\right)+\left(2x+2y\right)-1\)
\(A=\left[\left(x+y\right)^2+2\left(x+y\right)+1\right]+\left(y^2+2y+1\right)-3\)
\(A=\left(x+y+1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2-3\ge-3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+y+1\right)^2=0\\\left(y+1\right)^2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=0\\y=-1\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy GTNN của \(A\) là \(-3\) khi \(x=0\) và \(y=-1\)
Chúc bạn học tốt ~
Đặt \(B=-x^2-2x-y^2-8y-10\)
\(-B=\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+\left(y^2+8y+16\right)-7\)
\(-B=\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y+4\right)^2-17\ge-17\)
\(B=-\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(y+4\right)^2+17\le17\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}-\left(x+1\right)^2=0\\-\left(y+4\right)^2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-1\\y=-4\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy GTLN của \(B\) là \(17\) khi \(x=-1\) và \(y=-4\)
Chúc bạn học tốt ~
\(A=x^2+3x+7\)
\(=x^2+2.1,5x+2,25+4,75\)
\(=\left(x+1,5\right)^2+4,75\ge4,75\)
Vậy \(A_{min}=4,75\Leftrightarrow x=-1,5\)
\(B=2x^2-8x\)
\(=2\left(x^2-4x\right)\)
\(=2\left(x^2-4x+4-4\right)\)
\(=2\left[\left(x-2\right)^2-4\right]\)
\(=2\left(x-2\right)^2-8\ge-8\)
Vậy \(B_{min}=-8\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
Bài làm:
+ \(C=10\left(x^2-2\right)+5=10x^2-20+5=10x^2-15\ge-15\left(\forall x\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(10x^2=0\Rightarrow x=0\)
Vậy \(Min\left(C\right)=-15\Leftrightarrow x=0\)
+ \(D=\left(7-x\right)\left(2x+1\right)=-2x^2+13x+7=-2\left(x^2-\frac{13}{2}x+\frac{169}{16}\right)-\frac{225}{8}\)
\(=-2\left(x-\frac{13}{4}\right)^2-\frac{225}{8}\le-\frac{225}{8}\left(\forall x\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(-2\left(x-\frac{13}{4}\right)^2=0\Rightarrow x=\frac{13}{4}\)
Vậy \(Max\left(D\right)=-\frac{225}{8}\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{13}{4}\)
+ \(H=x^2+y^2+2x-4y+10=\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+\left(y^2-4y+4\right)+5\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+5\ge5\left(\forall x,y\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+1\right)^2=0\\\left(y-2\right)^2=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x=-1\\y=2\end{cases}}\)
Vậy \(Min\left(H\right)=5\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-1\\y=2\end{cases}}\)
+ \(E=-x^2-4x+6y-y^2-2021=-\left(x^2+4x+4\right)-\left(y^2-6y+9\right)-2008\)
\(=-\left(x+2\right)^2-\left(y-3\right)^2-2008\le-2008\left(\forall x,y\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(\hept{\begin{cases}-\left(x+2\right)^2=0\\-\left(y-3\right)^2=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x=-2\\y=3\end{cases}}\)
Vậy \(Max\left(E\right)=-2008\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-2\\y=3\end{cases}}\)
Học tốt!!!!
Tìm GTNN
Câu 1 :
\(C=2x^2-5x+1\)
\(C=2\left(x^2-\frac{5}{2}x+\frac{1}{2}\right)\)
\(C=2\left(x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\frac{5}{4}+\frac{25}{16}-\frac{17}{16}\right)\)
\(C=2\left[\left(x-\frac{5}{4}\right)^2-\frac{17}{16}\right]\)
\(C=2\left(x-\frac{5}{4}\right)^2-\frac{17}{8}\ge\frac{-17}{8}\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x-\frac{5}{4}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{5}{4}\)
Câu 2 :
\(D=x^2+2x+y^2-8y-4\)
\(D=x^2+2\cdot x\cdot1+1^2+y^2-2\cdot y\cdot4+4^2-21\)
\(D=\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2-21\ge-21\forall x;y\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+1=0\\y-2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-1\\y=2\end{cases}}}\)
Tìm GTLN :
Câu 1 :
\(C=-2x^2+2x-1\)
\(C=-2\left(x^2-x+\frac{1}{2}\right)\)
\(C=-2\left(x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}\right)\)
\(C=-2\left[\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{1}{4}\right]\)
\(C=-2\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\frac{1}{2}\)
\(C=-\frac{1}{2}-2\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\le-\frac{1}{2}\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x-\frac{1}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{1}{2}\)
Câu 2 :
\(D=-x^2-y^2-x+y-4\)
\(D=-\left(x^2+2\cdot x\cdot\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}\right)-\left(y^2-2\cdot x\cdot\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}\right)-\frac{7}{2}\)
\(D=-\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\left(y-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\frac{7}{2}\)
\(D=\frac{-7}{2}-\left[\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(y-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\right]\le\frac{-7}{2}\forall x;y\)
Dấu "=' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+\frac{1}{2}=0\\y-\frac{1}{2}=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-\frac{1}{2}\\y=\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}}\)