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a) Ta có: \(Q=-x^2-y^2+4x-4y+2=-\left(x^2+y^2-4x+4y-2\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^2-4x+4+y^2+4y+4\right)+10\)
\(=-\left[\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2\right]+10\le10\forall x,y\)
Vậy MaxQ=10 khi x=2, y=-2
b) +Ta có: \(A=-x^2-6x+5=-\left(x^2+6x-5\right)=-\left(x^2+6x+9-14\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^2+6x+9\right)+14=-\left(x+3\right)^2+14\le14\forall x\)
Vậy MaxA=14 khi x=-3
+Ta có: \(B=-4x^2-9y^2-4x+6y+3=-\left(4x^2+9y^2+4x-6y-3\right)\)
\(=-\left(4x^2+4x+1+9y^2-6y+1-5\right)\)
\(=-\left[\left(2x+1\right)^2+\left(3y-1\right)^2\right]+5\le5\forall x,y\)
Vậy MaxB=5 khi x=-1/2, y=1/3
c) Ta có: \(P=x^2+y^2-2x+6y+12=x^2-2x+1+y^2+6y+9+2\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2+2\ge2\forall x,y\)
Vậy MinP=2 khi x=1, y=-3
Tính GTLN , GTNN: a, A=2x2-6x. b,B=x2+y2-x+6y+10. c,C=x-x2 .... 1, tìm x : a) (x+2).(x+3)-(x-2).(x+5)=0. b) (2x+3).(x-4)+(x-5).(x-2)=(x-4).(3x-5). c) (3x-5). ... Viết các biểu thức dưới dạng bình phương của một tổng hoặc hiệu:.
A = 2x2 - 6x - 1
A = 2 . ( x2 - 3x - 1 / 2 )
A = 2 . [ ( x2 - 2 . x . 3 / 2 + ( 3 / 2 )2 - ( 3 / 2 )2 - 1 / 2 ) ]
A = 2 . [ ( x - 3 / 2 )2 - 11 / 4 ]
A = ( x - 3 / 2 )2 - 11 / 2 \(\ge\)11 / 2
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)x - 3 / 2 = 0
\(\Rightarrow\)x = 3 / 2
Min A = 11 / 2 \(\Leftrightarrow\)x = 3 / 2
\(Q=-2\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{25}{2}\le\dfrac{25}{2}\)
\(Q_{max}=\dfrac{25}{2}\) khi \(x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(A=\dfrac{9\left(x^2+2\right)-9x^2+6x-1}{x^2+2}=9-\dfrac{\left(3x-1\right)^2}{x^2+2}\le9\)
\(A_{max}=9\) khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(A=\dfrac{12x+34}{2\left(x^2+2\right)}=\dfrac{-\left(x^2+2\right)+x^2+12x+36}{2\left(x^2+2\right)}=-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{\left(x+6\right)^2}{2\left(x^2+2\right)}\le-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(A_{min}=-\dfrac{1}{2}\) khi \(x=-6\)
B = 2x2 + 5x + 7
= 2( x2 + 5/2x + 25/16 ) + 31/8
= 2( x + 5/4 )2 + 31/8
\(2\left(x+\frac{5}{4}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\Rightarrow2\left(x+\frac{5}{4}\right)^2+\frac{31}{8}\ge\frac{31}{8}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x + 5/4 => x = -5/4
=> MinB = 31/8 <=> x = -5/4
C = 6x - x2 - 12 = -( x2 - 6x + 9 ) - 3 = -( x - 3 )2 - 3
\(-\left(x-3\right)^2\le0\forall x\Rightarrow-\left(x-3\right)^2-3\le-3\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x - 3 = 0 => x = 3
=> MaxC = -3 <=> x = 3
D = -3x2 - x + 5 = -3( x2 + 1/3x + 1/36 ) + 61/12 = -3( x + 1/6 )2 + 61/12
\(-3\left(x+\frac{1}{6}\right)^2\le0\forall x\Rightarrow-3\left(x+\frac{1}{6}\right)^2+\frac{61}{12}\le\frac{61}{12}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x + 1/6 = 0 => x = -1/6
=> MaxD = 61/12 <=> x = -1/6
\(A=2x^2+y^2-2xy-2x+y-12\)
\(A=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+x^2-2x+y-12\)
\(A=\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-2\left(x-y\right).\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}\right]+\left(x^2-x+\frac{1}{4}\right)-\frac{25}{2}\)
\(A=\left(x-y-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\frac{25}{2}\)
Do \(\left(x-y-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x;y\)
\(\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge-\frac{25}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi : \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-y-\frac{1}{2}=0\\x-\frac{1}{2}=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{2}\\y=0\end{cases}}\)
Vậy \(A_{Min}=-\frac{25}{2}\Leftrightarrow\left(x;y\right)=\left(\frac{1}{2};0\right)\)
\(A=-2x^2-y^2-2xy-2x+y-12\)
\(-A=2x^2+y^2+2xy+2x-y+12\)
\(-A=\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+x^2+2x-y+12\)
\(-A=\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-2\left(x+y\right).\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}\right]+\left(x^2+3x+\frac{9}{4}\right)+\frac{19}{2}\)
\(-A=\left(x+y-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(x+\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+\frac{19}{2}\)
Do \(\left(x+y-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x;y\)
\(\left(x+\frac{3}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow-A\ge\frac{19}{2}\Leftrightarrow A\le-\frac{19}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi : \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y-\frac{1}{2}=0\\x+\frac{3}{2}=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-\frac{3}{2}\\y=2\end{cases}}\)
Vậy \(A_{Max}=-\frac{19}{2}\Leftrightarrow\left(x;y\right)=\left(-\frac{3}{2};2\right)\)
Ta có: A=\(\frac{7}{2x^2-6x+100}=\frac{7}{2x^2-6x+4.5+95.5}\)
=\(\frac{7}{2\left(x^2-3x+2.25\right)+95.5}=\frac{7}{2\left(x-1.5\right)^2+95.5}\)
Ta có: Để phân số \(\frac{7}{2\left(x-1.5\right)^2+95.5}\)lớn nhất <=> \(2\left(x-1.5\right)^2+95.5\)nhỏ nhất
Ta có: 2(x-1.5)^2 lớn hơn hoặc bằng 0 với mọi x thuộc R
=> \(2\left(x-1.5\right)^2+95.5\)lớn hơn hoặc bằng 95.5 với mọi x thuộc R
Dấu"=" xảy ra khi \(2\left(x-1.5\right)^2+95.5\)=95.5
<=> 2(x-1.5)^2=0
<=> x-1.5=0
<=> x=1.5
Vậy GTLN của biểu thức A là A=\(\frac{7}{95.5}=\frac{14}{191}\)tại x=1.5
Câu b tương tự
\(A=\frac{3x^2+6x+10}{x^2+2x+3}=\frac{3x^2+6x+9}{x^2+2x+3}+\frac{1}{x^2+2x+3}\)
\(=3+\frac{1}{x^2+2x+3}=3+\frac{1}{\left(x+1\right)^2+2}\le3+\frac{1}{2}=\frac{7}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x=-1
Vậy GTLN của A=7/2 khi x=-1
\(A=-2x^2+6x-12\)
\(=-2\left(x^2-3x+\dfrac{9}{4}\right)-\dfrac{15}{2}\)
\(=-2\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{15}{2}\le-\dfrac{15}{2}\)
\(maxA=-\dfrac{15}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Ta có: \(A=-2x^2+6x-12\)
\(=-2\left(x^2-3x+6\right)\)
\(=-2\left(x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{9}{4}+\dfrac{15}{4}\right)\)
\(=-2\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{15}{2}\le-\dfrac{15}{2}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)