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a)\(A=4x^2+4x+11\)
\(=4x^2+4x+1+10\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)^2+10\ge10\)
Dấu = khi \(x=\frac{-1}{2}\)
Vậy MinA=10 khi \(x=\frac{-1}{2}\)
b)\(B=3x^2-6x+1\)
\(=3x^2-6x+3-2\)
\(=3\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-2\)
\(=3\left(x-1\right)^2-2\ge-2\)
Dấu = khi \(x=1\)
Vậy MinB=-2 khi \(x=1\)
c)\(C=x^2-2x+y^2-4y+6\)
\(=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2-4y+4\right)+1\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu = khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=-2\end{cases}}\)
Vậy MinC=1 khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=-2\end{cases}}\)
\(A=2x^2+y^2+2xy-6x-2y+10\)
\(=\left(\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)-2\left(x+y\right)+1\right)+\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+5\)
\(=\left(x+y-1\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)^2+5\ge5\)
Vậy GTNN là A = 5 khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\y=-1\end{cases}}\)
1a) Ta có: -2x2 + 4x - 18 = -2(x2 - 2x + 1) - 16 = -2(x - 1)2 - 16
Ta luôn có: (x - 1)2 \(\ge\)0 \(\forall\)x --> -2(x - 1)2 \(\le\)0 \(\forall\)x
=> -2(x - 1)2 - 16 \(\le\)-16 \(\forall\)x
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: x - 1 = 0 <=> x = 1
Vậy Max của -2x2 + 4x - 18 = -16 tại x = 1
b) Ta có: -2x2 -12x + 12 = -2(x2 + 6x + 9) + 30 = -2(x + 3)2 + 30
Ta luôn có: -2(x + 3)2 \(\le\)0 \(\forall\)x
=> -2(x + 3)2 + 30 \(\le\)30 \(\forall\)x
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: x + 3 = 0 <=> x = -3
Vậy Max của -2x2 - 12x + 12 = 30 tại x = -3
3.
a)\(x^2+15x-25=x^2+15x+56,25-81,25\)
\(=\left(x+7,5\right)^2-81,25\ge-81,25\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra<=>\(\left(x+7,5\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=-7,5\)
Vậy.....
b) \(3x^2-6x-21=3\left(x^2-2x-7\right)\)
\(=3\left[\left(x-1\right)^2-8\right]=3\left(x-1\right)^2-24\ge-24\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra<=>\(3\left(x-1\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
Vậy.....
c)\(x^2-6x+y^2+2y+36=x^2-6x+9+y^2+2y+1+26\)
\(=\left(x-3\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2+26\ge26\forall x;y\)
Dấu '=" xảy ra<=> \(\left(x-3\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=3\) và \(\left(y+1\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow y=-1\)
Vậy......
x2 - 2x + y2 - 4y + 7 = (x2 - 2x + 1) + ( y2 - 4y + 4) + 2 = (x - 1)2 + (y - 2)2 + 2
Vì (x - 1)2 ≥ 0 \(\forall\)x
(y - 2)2 ≥ 0 \(\forall\)x
=> (x - 1)2 + (y - 2)2 ≥ 0 \(\forall\)x
=> (x - 1)2 + (y - 2)2 + 2 ≥ 2
Dấu " = " xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-1\right)^2=0\\\left(y-2\right)^2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\y-2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=2\end{cases}}\)
Vậy GTNN của x2 - 2x + y2 - 4y +7 = 2 khi x = 1; y = 2
Đặt \(A=x^2-2x+y^2-4y+7\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2-4y+4\right)+2\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+2\)
Vì \(\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\); \(\left(y-2\right)^2\ge0\forall y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+2\ge2\forall x,y\)
hay \(A\ge2\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\y-2=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=2\end{cases}}\)
Vậy \(minA=2\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=2\end{cases}}\)
\(P=\frac{\left(\frac{1}{4}x^2-\frac{1}{2}x+\frac{1}{4}\right)+\left(\frac{3}{4}x^2+\frac{3}{2}x+\frac{3}{4}\right)}{x^2-2x+1}=\frac{\frac{1}{4}\left(x-1\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\left(x+1\right)^2}{\left(x-1\right)^2}=\frac{1}{4}+\frac{\frac{3}{4}\left(x+1\right)^2}{\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
Ta thấy : \(\frac{\frac{3}{4}\left(x+1\right)^2}{\left(x-1\right)^2}\ge0\forall x\) nên \(\frac{1}{4}+\frac{\frac{3}{4}\left(x+1\right)^2}{\left(x-1\right)^2}\ge\frac{1}{4}\forall x\) có GTNN là \(\frac{1}{4}\) tại x = - 1
Vậy \(P_{min}=\frac{1}{4}\) tại \(x=-1\)
\(P=\frac{\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(3x-3\right)+3}{\left(x-1\right)^2}=\frac{\left(x-1\right)^2+3\left(x-1\right)+3}{\left(x-1\right)^2}=1+\frac{3}{x-1}+\frac{3}{\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
đặt \(y=\frac{1}{x-1}\Rightarrow P=1+3y+3y^2=3\left(y+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{1}{4}\ge\frac{1}{4}\)
vậy \(MinP=\frac{1}{4}\Leftrightarrow y=-\frac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x-1}=-\frac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)
\(A=x^2-6x+11\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=x^2-2.3x+9+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\left(x-3\right)^2+2\ge2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A_{min}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-3=0\)
\(x=3\)
Ta có: \(x^2-2x+y^2-4y+7\)
\(=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2-4y+4\right)+2\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+2\)
Vì:\(\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+2\ge2\forall x\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi: \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-1\right)^2=0\\\left(y-2\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=2\end{cases}}\)
Vậy:GTNN của bt là 2 tại x=1,y=2