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a) \(4x^2-12x+9\)
\(=\left(2x\right)^2-2.2.3+3^2\)
\(=\left(2x-3\right)^2\)
b) \(4x^2+4x+1\)
\(=\left(2x\right)^2+2.2x.1+1^2\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)^2\)
c) \(1+12x+36x^2\)
\(=1^2+2.6x+\left(6x\right)^2\)
\(=\left(1+6x\right)^2\)
d) \(9x^2-24xy+16y^2\)
\(=\left(3x\right)^2-2.3x.4y+\left(4y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(3x-4y\right)^2\)
e) Viết = công thức trực quan hộ mình
f) \(-x^2+10x-25\)
\(=-\left(x^2-10x+25\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^2-2.5x+5^2\right)\)
\(=-\left(x-5\right)^2\)
a, \(A=4-2x^2\le4\)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi x = 0
Vậy GTLN A là 4 khi x = 0
b, \(B=-x^2+10x-5=-\left(x^2-10x+5\right)=-\left(x^2-10x+25-20\right)\)
\(=-\left(x-5\right)^2+20\le20\)Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi x = 5
Vậy GTLN B là 20 khi x = 5
c, \(C=-3x^2+3x-5=-3\left(x^2-x+\frac{5}{3}\right)\)
\(=-3\left(x^2-x+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{17}{12}\right)=-3\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\frac{51}{12}\le-\frac{51}{21}=-\frac{17}{7}\)
Vậy GTLN C là -17/7 khi x = 1/2
d, tương tự
a, ( x2 + x )2 - 14 ( x2 + x ) + 24
= (x2 + x)2 - 2(x2 + x) -12(x2 + x) + 24
= (x2 + x).(x2 + x -2) - 12(x2 + x -2)
= (x2 + x -2).(x2 + x -12)
= (x2 + 2x - x - 2).(x2 + 4x - 3x - 12)
=[x.(x+2)-(x+2)].[x.(x+4)-3(x+4)]
= (x+2).(x-1).(x+4).(x-3)
= x4 + 2x3 - 13x2 - 14x + 24
b, ( x2 + x )2 + 4x2 + 4x - 12
= x4 + 2x3 + x2 + 4x2 + 4x -12
= x4 + 2x3 + 5x2 + 4x -12
c, x4 + 2x3 + 5x2 + 4x - 12
= x4 - x3 + 3x3 - 3x2 + 8x2 - 8x +12x -12
= x3(x-1) + 3x2(x-1) + 8x(x-1) + 12(x-1)
= (x-1) . (x3 + 3x2 + 8x +12)
= (x-1) . ( x3 +2x2 + x2 + 2x + 6x +12)
= (x-1). [x2(x+2) + x(x+2) + 6(x+2)]
= (x-1).(x+2).(x2 + x+ 6)
Bài 6:
a) Ta có: \(x^2-4xy+4y^2-2x+4y-35\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)^2-2\left(x-2y\right)-35\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)^2-7\cdot\left(x-2y\right)+5\left(x-2y\right)-35\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)\left(x-2y-7\right)+5\left(x-2y-7\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2y-7\right)\left(x-2y+5\right)\)
b) Ta có: \(\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+2\right)-12\)
\(=\left(x^2+x\right)^2+3\cdot\left(x^2+x\right)+2-12\)
\(=\left(x^2+x\right)^2+3\cdot\left(x^2+x\right)-10\)
\(=\left(x^2+x\right)^2+5\left(x^2+x\right)-2\left(x^2+x\right)-10\)
\(=\left(x^2+x\right)\left(x^2+x+5\right)-2\left(x^2+x+5\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+5\right)\left(x^2+x-2\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+5\right)\left(x^2+2x-x-2\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+5\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\)
c) Ta có: \(\left(x+2\right)\left(x+4\right)\left(x+6\right)\left(x+8\right)+16\)
\(=\left(x^2+10x+16\right)\left(x^2+10x+24\right)+16\)
\(=\left(x^2+10x\right)^2+40\left(x^2+10x\right)+384+16\)
\(=\left(x^2+10x\right)^2+40\left(x^2+10x\right)+400\)
\(=\left(x^2+10x+20\right)^2\)
d) Ta có: \(\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\left(x+5\right)-24\)
\(=\left(x^2+7x+10\right)\left(x^2+7x+12\right)-24\)
\(=\left(x^2+7x\right)^2+22\left(x^2+7x\right)+120-24\)
\(=\left(x^2+7x\right)^2+22\left(x^2+7x\right)+96\)
\(=\left(x^2+7x\right)^2+16\left(x^2+7x\right)+6\left(x^2+7x\right)+96\)
\(=\left(x^2+7x\right)\left(x^2+7x+16\right)+6\left(x^2+7x+16\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+7x+16\right)\left(x^2+7x+6\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+7x+16\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x+6\right)\)
e) Ta có: \(x\left(x+4\right)\left(x+6\right)\left(x+10\right)+128\)
\(=\left(x^2+10x\right)\left(x^2+10x+24\right)+128\)
\(=\left(x^2+10x\right)^2+24\left(x^2+10x\right)+128\)
\(=\left(x^2+10x\right)^2+16\left(x^2+10x\right)+8\left(x^2+10x\right)+128\)
\(=\left(x^2+10x\right)\left(x^2+10x+16\right)+8\left(x^2+10x+16\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+10x+16\right)\left(x^2+10x+8\right)\)
\(=\left(x+2\right)\left(x+8\right)\left(x^2+10x+8\right)\)
a, Ta có : \(-x^2+2x-1-3\)
\(=-\left(x-1\right)^2-3\)
Ta thấy : \(\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
=> \(-\left(x-1\right)^2-3\le-3\forall x\)
Vậy Max = -3 <=> x = 1 .
b, Ta có : \(-x^2-4x-4+4\)
\(=-\left(x+2\right)^2+4\)
Ta thấy : \(\left(x+2\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
=> \(-\left(x+2\right)^2+4\le4\forall x\)
Vậy Max = 4 <=> x = -2 .
c, Ta có : \(-9x^2+24x-16-2\)
\(=-9\left(x^2-\frac{2.4x}{3}+\frac{16}{9}\right)-2\)
\(=-9\left(x-\frac{4}{3}\right)^2-2\)
Ta thấy : \(\left(x-\frac{4}{3}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
=> \(-9\left(x-\frac{4}{3}\right)^2-2\le-2\forall x\)
Vậy Max = -2 <=> x = \(\frac{4}{3}\) .
d, Ta có : \(-x^2+4x-4+3\)
\(=-\left(x-2\right)^2+3\)
Ta thấy : \(\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
=> \(-\left(x-2\right)^2+3\le3\forall x\)
Vậy Max = 3 <=> x = 2 .
e, Ta có : \(-x^2+2x-1-4y^2-4y-1+7\)
\(=-\left(x-1\right)^2-4\left(y^2+y+\frac{1}{4}\right)+7\)
\(=-\left(x-1\right)^2-4\left(y+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+7\)
Ta thấy : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)^2\\\left(y+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\ge0\forall xy\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-\left(x-1\right)^2\\-4\left(y+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\le0\forall xy\)
=> \(=-\left(x-1\right)^2-4\left(y+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\le0\forall xy\)
=> \(=-\left(x-1\right)^2-4\left(y+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+7\le7\forall xy\)
Vậy Max = 7 <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)