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Read the following article about ice-skating. Choose the most suitable heading from the list A-I for each part (1-8) of the article.
A. Prepare yourself
B. The benefits of the sport
C. When things go wrong
D. Different skating techniques
E. A change in approach
F. The right attitude
G. Moving off
H. Holding your body correctly
I. How it all started
1...I...
Ice skating has a history of thousands of years. Archaelogists have discovered skates made from animal bone. It seems that bone skates were used until the introduction of iron into Scandinavia about the year 200 AD. Among the Scandinavian upper classes, skating was seen as an essential skill.
2....E...
In the early 20th century, skating was stylish and reserved, but at the 1924 Winter Olympics, 11-year-old Sonja Henie introduced a more athletic attitude which inspired a new wave of popularity. Nowadays art and athletics are combined and modern skating is both graceful and physically demanding.
3....H..
For the beginner, balance and control are still important and speed can only increase with proficiency. The position of your body plays a great part in the balance. Legs slightly bowed and the knees bent keep the body weight centred; in effect the body leans slightly forward in this position. For skating, probably more than any other sport or recreation, relaxation is vital.
4....G..
For the starting position, the heels shoould almost be touching and the feet should be turned outwards. While pushing forward with the back foot, you make a very small movement with the other foot. Fairly easy, isn't it? If you can keep this up for a while, you can then slowly increase the length of your movements as you gain experience.
5..C....
Knowing how to fall must be learned among the skater's first skills. Even the best of the professionals fall. In order to fall without injury, you should be as relaxed as possible. In this way the shock of hitting the ice is lessened. To get up, use your hands to get into a kneeling position, then stand.
6....D..
Once you have learned to move on the ice with confidence, there are various styles to be practised - figure skaing, free style, distance, speed, skating in pairs and so on - but the basis of them all, and by far the best approach, is first to learn figure skating and then elementary freestyle. With proper guidance available at most of the ice rinks troughout the country, the basic figures can soon be learned and the turns, jumps and spins of elementary free style will soon follow.
7...A...
If you look at any good or professional skater, you will see how relaxed they are and how easily they move. To achieve this an expertise programme should be regularly practised. It can be dangerous to skate with a stiff body and warm-up exercises should at least include those for the legs, back and shoulders, with special emphasis on the ankles and knees. After a long or intense session, the same exercises should be used afterwards to avoid stiffness.
8..B....
Skating improves balance, co-ordination, relaxation and movement. It improves heart and lung activity and generally strengthens the body. Combined with swimming or jogging, it provides a great programme for all-round health and fitness.
1 Temporary art is a new kind of art.
(Nghệ thuật tạm thời là một loại hình nghệ thuật mới.)
Thông tin: “There has always been a type of art which doesn't last.”
(Luôn có một loại hình nghệ thuật không trường tồn.)
=> Chọn False
2 Artists use sand or chalk in their artwork so that it will exist for a long time.
(Các nghệ sĩ sử dụng cát hoặc phấn trong tác phẩm nghệ thuật của họ để tác phẩm tồn tại lâu dài.)
Thông tin: “it's not that these don't have artistic value, but they are designed to disappear.”
(Không phải những thứ này không có giá trị nghệ thuật, nhưng chúng được thiết kế để biến mất.)
=> Chọn False
3 Jorge Rodríguez-Gerada is an important artist in the field of temporary art.
(Jorge Rodríguez-Gerada là một nghệ sĩ quan trọng trong lĩnh vực nghệ thuật tạm thời.)
Thông tin: “Jorge Rodríguez-Gerada is a modern 'temporary' artist, and one who gets a lot of attention for his work.”
(Jorge Rodríguez-Gerada là một nghệ sĩ 'tạm thời' hiện đại, và là người được chú ý nhiều nhờ tác phẩm của mình.")
=> Chọn True
4 His work is very quick to create.
(Tác phẩm của anh ấy được tạo ra rất nhanh.)
Thông tin: “his pieces take a long time to plan and create.”
(các tác phẩm của anh ấy mất nhiều thời gian để lên kế hoạch và sáng tạo.)
=> Chọn False
5 He uses maps to plan his artwork.
(Anh ấy sử dụng bản đồ để lên kế hoạch cho tác phẩm nghệ thuật của mình.)
Thông tin: “"In fact, GPS mapping is used to set out the design.”
(Trên thực tế, bản đồ GPS được sử dụng để thiết kế.)
=> Chọn True
6 A lot of people help him to create his art.
(Rất nhiều người giúp anh ấy tạo ra tác phẩm nghệ thuật.)
Thông tin: “He uses groups of volunteers to help him, and his pieces take a long time to plan and create.”
(Anh ấy sử dụng các nhóm tình nguyện viên để giúp đỡ anh ấy, và các tác phẩm của anh ấy mất nhiều thời gian để lên kế hoạch và sáng tạo.)
=> Chọn True
7 Jorge's artwork called Of the Many, One was part of a new garden design for the National Mall.
(Tác phẩm nghệ thuật của Jorge có tên Of the Many, One là một phần của thiết kế sân vườn mới cho National Mall.)
Thông tin: “It covered an area of 25,000 square metres, and it was created because the mall was getting new gardens, and the land wasn't going to be used for a while.”
(Nó có diện tích 25.000 mét vuông, và nó được tạo ra bởi vì trung tâm thương mại đang có những khu vườn mới và khu đất sẽ không được sử dụng trong một thời gian.)
=> Chọn True
8 The artwork does not exist anymore.
(Tác phẩm nghệ thuật không còn tồn tại nữa.)
Thông tin: “The portrait has disappeared, but it will not easily be forgotten.”
(Bức chân dung đã biến mất, nhưng nó sẽ không dễ bị lãng quên.)
=> Chọn True
Dear Peter
I received your email last week, in which you asked me about my city Ha Noi in 2050. There are different ideas about this question. I thought about it in a few days, and now I can give you two predictions.
Let's take a look at optimis aspects. In 2050 Ha Noi will become a more liveable city for lots of reasons. The city authorities have built a very careful plan to promote advanced technology to make greener motorbikes to deal with air pollution. In addition, the city dwellers are encouraged to make use of public transport system to reduce traffic jam. The government will also grow more trees and encourage people to use solar panels.
On the contrary, pessimis people think that the city life will be a dangerous place to live in because the government cannot control the use of private cars and motorbikes. Besides, they don’t believe that citizens will use public transports because this system in our city are aging and not upgraded regularly. It also take time to find a bus and go to the destination in spite of very short distance. People's life will also continue to be threatened because of pollution such as air pollution by burning fossil fuels, emission from cars and motorbikes, noise pollution from constructing buildings and sounding of transportations. The effects of global warming have great impacts on the city dwellers, higher temperature in the summer and colder climate in te winter.
That's all about my answer to your question. I hope you will be satisfied with it, Peter.
Best wishes,
Nga
k mình nha bn CHÚC BN HỌC TỐT
Dear Anne(Hà Lam).
I received your email last week, in which you asked me about my city New York in 2050. There are different ideas about this question. I thought it in a few days, and now I can give you two predictions.
Let's take a look at an optimis viewpoint. In 2050 New York will become a more liveable city than ever before for lots of reasons. The city authorities have built a very careful plan to promote self-driving electric taxis to deal with crowded public transport. In addition, the city dwellers are encouraged to use city's building roofs for gardens fertilised with compose in order to recycle rubbish and reduce pollution. The government will also build offshore windfarms to replace ageing electricity network.
On the other hand, pessimis people think that the city life won't be a safe place to live in because the government cannot control the use of guns, and therefore the crime rate will be higher. People's life will also continue to be threatened because of natural disasters such as floods, storms, earthquakes. The effects of global warming have great impacts on the city dwellers.
That's all about my answer to your question. I hope you will be satisfied with it, Nam.
Best wishes,
Wonie(Quyên)
tham khảo ạ
Dear Bich
Your last email asked me about my city Ha Noi in 2050. Well, but I'm busy and have no time to reply you soon. Today I am writing to you about that question. There are different ideas about this question. I thought about it in a few days, and now I can give you some predictions.
Let's take a look at optimis aspects. In 2050 Ha Noi will become a more modern city for lots of reasons. High technology has been applied in our lives. The robots will replace us for many jobs such as manufacturing, farming, etc. Smart cars which will be commonly used in the road. They will help human beings to decrease the accidents as well as traffic jams.
On the contrary, pessimis people think that the city life will be a dangerous place to live in because the environment is completely polluted. The effects of global warming have great impacts on the city dwellers, higher temperature in the summer and colder climate in the winter. There are a lot of means of transport so that emission from them cause air pollution. Our health will be threatened because of low air quality index.
That's all about my thoughts about your question. I hope you will be satisfied with it, Bich.
Best wishes,
Chau
1. anger (tức giận)
2. happiness (vui vẻ)
3. depression (trầm cảm)
4. shame (ngượng)