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Đề sai nhé, phải là :
\(3^{2n+1}+2^{n+2}⋮7\)
Ta có : \(9\equiv2\left(mod7\right)\Rightarrow9^n\equiv2^n\left(mod7\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow9^n.3+2^n.4\equiv2^n.3+2^n.4=2^n.\left(3+4\right)=2^n.7\equiv0\left(mod7\right)\)
Do đó : \(9^n.3+2^n.4⋮7\)
hay \(3^{2n+1}+2^{n+2}⋮7\) ( đpcm )
Bài 1 :
Ta có :
a chia 3 dư 1 ⇒a=3k+1⇒a=3k+1
b chia 3 dư 2 ⇒b=3k1+2⇒b=3k1+2 (k;k1∈N)(k;k1∈N)
ab=(3k+1)(3k1+2)=3k.k1+2.3k+3.k1+2ab=(3k+1)(3k1+2)=3k.k1+2.3k+3.k1+2
Mà 3k.k1+2.3k+3.k1⋮33k.k1+2.3k+3.k1⋮3
⇒3k.k1+2.3k+3.k1+2⇒3k.k1+2.3k+3.k1+2 chia 3 dư 2
⇒ab⇒ab chia 3 dư 2 →đpcm→đpcm
Bài 2 :
Ta có :
n(2n−3)−2n(n+1)n(2n−3)−2n(n+1)
=2n2−3n−2n2−2n=2n2−3n−2n2−2n
=−5n⋮5=−5n⋮5
⇒n(2n−3)−3n(n+1)⋮5⇒n(2n−3)−3n(n+1)⋮5 với mọi n
→đpcm
Bài 1:
a=3n+1
b= 3m+2
a*b= 3( 3nm+m+2n ) + 2 số này chia 3 sẽ dư 2.
Bài 2:
n(2n-3)-2n(n+1)
=2n^2-3n-2n^2-2n
= -5n
-5n chia hết cho 5 với mọi số nguyên n vì -5 chia hết cho 5
vậy n(2n-3)-2n(n+1) chia hết cho 5
Ta co n^2 chia 5 du 1 hoac du 4
=>n^4 chia 5 du 1 hoac du 4
\(\orbr{\begin{cases}n^4\equiv1\left(mod5\right)\\n^4\equiv4\left(mod5\right)\end{cases}}=>\orbr{\begin{cases}n^5\equiv n\left(mod5\right)\\n^4-4+5⋮5\end{cases}}\)\(=>\orbr{\begin{cases}n^5-n⋮5\\n^4\equiv1\left(mod5\right)\left(#\right)\end{cases}}\)
Theo (#) ta co:\(n^5\equiv n\left(mod5\right)\Rightarrow n^5-n⋮5\)
Vay n^5-n chia het cho 5
Bài làm :
Ta có :
\(\frac{1}{2!}+\frac{2}{3!}+\frac{3}{4!}+...+\frac{n}{\left(n+1\right)!}\)
\(=\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{2}{1.2.3}+\frac{3}{1.2.3.4}+...+\frac{n}{1.2.3...\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2-1}{1.2}+\frac{3-1}{1.2.3}+\frac{4-1}{1.2.3.4}+...+\frac{n+1-1}{1.2.3...\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{1.2}-\frac{1}{1.2.3}+\frac{1}{1.2.3}-\frac{1}{1.2.3.4}+...+\frac{1}{1.2.3.4..n}-\frac{1}{1.2.3.4...\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{1.2.3.4...\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(\text{Vì : }\frac{1}{1.2.3.4...\left(n+1\right)}>0\Rightarrow1-\frac{1}{1.2.3.4...\left(n+1\right)}< 1\)
=> Điều phải chứng minh
Ta có : \(\frac{1}{2!}+\frac{2}{3!}+\frac{3}{4!}+...+\frac{n}{\left(n+1\right)!}=\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{2}{1.2.3}+\frac{3}{1.2.3.4}+...+\frac{n}{1.2.3...\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2-1}{1.2}+\frac{3-1}{1.2.3}+\frac{4-1}{1.2.3.4}+...+\frac{n+1-1}{1.2.3....\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{1.2}-\frac{1}{1.2.3}+\frac{1}{1.2.3}-\frac{1}{1.2.3.4}+...+\frac{1}{1.2.3.4..n}-\frac{1}{1.2.3.4...\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{1.2.3.4...\left(n+1\right)}< 1\left(\text{đpcm}\right)\)
b,\(D=2.\left(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{15}+\frac{1}{35}+...+\frac{1}{n.\left(n+2\right)}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow D=\frac{2}{3}+\frac{2}{15}+\frac{2}{35}+...+\frac{2}{n.\left(n+2\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow D=\frac{2}{1.3}+\frac{2}{3.5}+\frac{2}{5.7}+...+\frac{2}{n.\left(n+2\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow D=1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+2}\)
\(\Rightarrow D=1-\frac{1}{n+2}=\frac{n}{n+2}< \frac{n+2}{n+2}=1\left(1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow D=\frac{n}{n+2}>0\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1);(2)\(\Rightarrow0< D< 1\)
\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
a,\(C>0\)
\(C=\frac{1}{11}+\frac{1}{12}+...+\frac{1}{19}< 9;\frac{1}{11}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow0< A< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow A\notinℤ\)
c,\(E=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{2}{7}+\frac{2}{9}+\frac{2}{11}\)
Ta quy đồng 3 số đầu
\(=\frac{2}{6}+\frac{2}{8}+\frac{2}{10}+\frac{2}{7}+\frac{2}{9}+\frac{2}{11}>\frac{6.2}{12}=1\)
\(E=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{2}{7}+\frac{2}{9}+\frac{2}{11}\)
\(=\frac{2}{6}+\frac{2}{8}+\frac{2}{10}+\frac{2}{7}+\frac{2}{9}+\frac{2}{11}< \frac{6.2}{6}=2\)
\(1< E< 2\)
\(E\notinℤ\)
Ta có: \(3^{2n+1}+2^{n+2}=9^n.3+2^n.4\)
\(=3.9^n-2^n.3+2^n.7\)
\(=3\left(9^n-2^n\right)+2^n.7\)
Ta lại có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}9^n-2^n⋮9-2=7\\2^n.7⋮7\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(9^n-2^n\right)+2^n.7⋮7\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3^{2n+1}+2^{n+2}\right)⋮7\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(3^{2n+1}=9^n.3\equiv2^n.3\left(\text{mod 7}\right);2^{n+2}=2^n.4\equiv2^n.\left(-3\right)\left(\text{mod 7}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow3^{2n+1}+2^{n+2}\equiv0\left(\text{mod 7}\right)\text{ta có điều phải chứng minh}\)