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a,
\(x^2+y^2=\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy=1^2-2\cdot\left(-6\right)=1-\left(-12\right)=13\)
\(x^3+y^3=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)=1\cdot\left[13-\left(-6\right)\right]=19\)
\(x^5+y^5=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2-\left(2x^3y^2+xy^4+x^4y+2x^2y^3\right)=169-\left[2\left(xy\right)^2\left(x+y\right)+xy\left(x^3+y^3\right)\right]=169-\left[2\cdot36\cdot1-6\cdot19\right]=211\)
\(P=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x+y\right)^2-2\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)-4x^2=\left(x-y-x-y\right)^2-\left(2x\right)^2=\left(-2y\right)^2-\left(2x\right)^2\)
\(=\left(2y-2x\right)\left(2y+2x\right)=2\left(y-x\right)2\left(y+x\right)=4\left(x+y\right)\left(y-x\right)\)
\(x^3-x^2y+3x-3y=x^2\left(x-y\right)+3\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+3\right)\)
\(x^3-2x^2-4xy^2+x=x\left(x^2-2x+1-4y^2\right)=x\left[\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(2y\right)^2\right]=x\left(x+2y-1\right)\left(x-2y-1\right)\)
\(\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\left(x+5\right)-8=\left(x^2+7x+10\right)\left(x^2+7x+12\right)-8\)
Đặt \(x^2+7x+10=t\), ta có:
\(t\left(t+2\right)-8=t^2+2t-8=t^2-2t+4t-8=t\left(t-2\right)+4\left(t-2\right)=\left(t-2\right)\left(t+4\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+7x+10+4\right)\left(x^2+7x+10-2\right)=\left(x^2+7x+14\right)\left(x^2+7x-8\right)\)
1 , \(x^5+x^4+1=\left(x^5+x^4+x^3\right)-\left(x^3+x^2+x\right)+\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
= \(x^3\left(x^2+x+1\right)-x\left(x^2+x+1\right)+\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)=\(\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^3-x+1\right)\)
2 , \(x\left(x+4\right)\left(x+6\right)\left(x+10\right)+128=\left(x^2+10x\right)\left(x^2+10x+24\right)+128\)(*)
Đặt x2 + 10 = a , a>0 (1)
=> (*) <=> a(a+24)+128=a2 + 24a+128=(a+8)(a+16) (**)
Thay (1) vào (**) ta được :
(*) <=> \(\left(x^2+10+8\right)\left(x^2+10+16\right)\)
a) \(x+y=3\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\left(x+y\right)^2=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x^2+y^2+2xy=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(2xy=4\) do x2 + y2 = 5
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(xy=2\)
\(x^3+y^3=\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)=3^3-3.2.3=9\)
b) bạn làm tương tự
\(a,x+y=3\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2=9\Rightarrow x^2+2xy+y^2=9\Rightarrow2xy=4\Leftrightarrow xy=2\)
Vì \(\left(x+y\right)=3\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)^3=27\)
\(\Rightarrow x^3+3x^2y+3xy^2+y^3=27\)
\(\Rightarrow x^3+y^3+3xy\left(x+y\right)=27\)
\(\Rightarrow x^3+y^3+3.2.3=27\)
\(\Rightarrow x^3+y^3=27-18=9\)
\(b,x-y=5\Rightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2=25\Rightarrow x^2-2xy+y^2=25\Rightarrow2xy=-10\Leftrightarrow xy=-5\)
\(x^3-y^3=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)=5.10=50\)
\(\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy=x^2+y^2=4^2-2.1=14\)
\(x^4+y^4=\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2-2x^2y^2=14^2-2=196-2=194\)
\(x^3+y^3=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2-xy\right)=4\left(14-1\right)=52\)
\(\left(x^4+y^4\right)\left(x+y\right)=194.4=776\Leftrightarrow x^5+y^5+x^4y+y^4x=\left(x^5+y^5\right)+xy\left(x^3+y^3\right)=\left(x^5+y^5\right)+1.52=\left(x^5+y^5\right)+52=776\Rightarrow x^5+y^5=724\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=4\\xy=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+2xy+y^2=16\\4xy=4\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow x^2+2xy-4xy+y^2=\left(x-y\right)^2=12mà:x>y\Leftrightarrow x-y>0\Rightarrow x-y=\sqrt{12}=2\sqrt{3};x+y=2.2\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\sqrt{3}+2\\y=2-\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(x^2-y^2=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)=4.2\sqrt{3}=8\sqrt{3}\)
\(\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x^2-y^2\right)=8\sqrt{3}.14=112\sqrt{3}\Rightarrow x^4-y^4=112\sqrt{3}\)
\(\left(x^3-y^3\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right);x^6-y^6=\left(x^3+y^3\right)\left(x^3-y^3\right)tựlm\)
Đáp án C