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a) \(A=\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+...+\frac{1}{99.100}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{100}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 1\)
b) \(B=\frac{1}{3}+\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^2+...+\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow3B=1+\frac{1}{3}+...+\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^{99}\)
\(\Rightarrow3B-B=1-\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow2B=1-\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^{100}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow2B< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow B< \frac{1}{2}\)
\(\left(1-\frac{1}{1\cdot2}\right)+\left(1-\frac{1}{2\cdot3}\right)+...+\left(1-\frac{1}{1995\cdot1996}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+1+1+...+1\right)-\left(\frac{1}{1\cdot2}+\frac{1}{2\cdot3}+...+\frac{1}{1995\cdot1996}\right)\)
\(=\left(1995\cdot1\right)-\left(1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{1995}-\frac{1}{1996}\right)\)
\(=1995-\left(1-\frac{1}{1996}\right)\)
\(=1995-\frac{1995}{1996}\)
Vì GTTĐ luôn lớn hơn hoặc bằng 0 với mọi x
\(\Rightarrow\left|x+\frac{1}{1\cdot2}\right|+\left|x+\frac{1}{2\cdot3}\right|+...+\left|x+\frac{1}{99\cdot100}\right|\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow100x\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow x\ge0\)
Từ điều kiện trên ta có :
\(x+\frac{1}{1\cdot2}+x+\frac{1}{2\cdot3}+...+x+\frac{1}{99\cdot100}=100x\)
\(50x+\left(1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}\right)=100x\)
\(50x=1-\frac{1}{100}\)
\(50x=\frac{99}{100}\)
\(x=\frac{99}{5000}\)
Do \(\left|a\right|\ge0\forall a\) nên:
\(A=\left|x+\frac{1}{1.2}\right|+\left|x+\frac{1}{2.3}\right|+...+\left|x+\frac{1}{99.100}\right|\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow100x\ge0\) hay \(x\ge0\)
Do vậy ta có: \(A=\left(x+x+...+x\right)+\left(\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+...+\frac{1}{99.100}\right)=100x\) ( 50 chữ số x)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=50x+\left(1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}\right)=100x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow50x+\left(1-\frac{1}{100}\right)=100x\Leftrightarrow50x+\frac{99}{100}=100x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow50x=\frac{99}{100}\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{99}{100.50}=\frac{99}{5000}\)
\(\frac{10^{2016}+2^3}{9}=\frac{10^{2016}-1}{9}+\frac{2^3+1}{9}=\left(1+10+10^2+...+10^{2015}\right)+1\in N.\)
\(\left(1-\frac{1}{1.2}\right)+\left(1-\frac{1}{2.3}\right)+...+\left(1-\frac{1}{2015.2016}\right)\)
=\(1-\frac{1}{1.2}+1-\frac{1}{2.3}+...+1-\frac{1}{2015.2016}\)
=\(\left(1+1+...+1\right)+\left(-\frac{1}{1.2}-\frac{1}{2.3}-...-\frac{1}{2015.2016}\right)\)
=\(2015+\left(-\frac{1}{1}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}-...-\frac{1}{2015}+\frac{1}{2016}\right)\)
=\(2015+\left(-\frac{1}{1}+\frac{1}{2016}\right)=2015+\left(\frac{-2016}{2016}+\frac{1}{2016}\right)\)
=\(2015+\frac{-2015}{2016}=\frac{4062240}{2016}+\frac{-2015}{2016}=\frac{4060225}{2016}\)