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bài 2
| a;đặt biểu thức là S | |
| S < 1/1.2 + 1/2.3 + .......1/(n-1)n | |
| = 1- 1/2 +1 /2 -1/3+........ + 1/n-1 - 1/n | |
|
= 1 -1/n <1 |
|
| vậy S < 1 | |
\(B=\dfrac{1}{10}+\dfrac{1}{15}+\dfrac{1}{21}+...+\dfrac{1}{120}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B=\dfrac{2}{20}+\dfrac{2}{30}+\dfrac{2}{42}+...+\dfrac{2}{240}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B=2\left(\dfrac{1}{20}+\dfrac{1}{30}+\dfrac{1}{42}+...+\dfrac{1}{240}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B=2\left(\dfrac{1}{4.5}+\dfrac{1}{5.6}+\dfrac{1}{6.7}+...+\dfrac{1}{15.16}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B=2\left(\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{1}{6}-\dfrac{1}{7}+...+\dfrac{1}{15}-\dfrac{1}{16}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B=2\left(\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{16}\right)=\dfrac{3}{8}\)
Vì \(\dfrac{3}{8}< \dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow B< \dfrac{1}{2}\left(ĐPCM\right)\)
a, Ta có :
\(M=\dfrac{1}{1\cdot2}+\dfrac{1}{1\cdot2\cdot3}+\dfrac{1}{1\cdot2\cdot3\cdot4}+...+\dfrac{1}{1\cdot2\cdot3\cdot...\cdot100}\\ < \dfrac{1}{1\cdot2}+\dfrac{1}{2\cdot3}+\dfrac{1}{3\cdot4}+...+\dfrac{1}{99\cdot100}\\ =1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}-...+\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}\\ =1-\dfrac{1}{100}=\dfrac{99}{100}< 1\\ \Rightarrow M< 1\\ \RightarrowĐpcm\)
Ta có :
\(A=\dfrac{1}{5^2}+\dfrac{2}{5^3}+\dfrac{3}{5^4}+.............+\dfrac{n}{5^{n+1}}+.....+\dfrac{11}{5^{12}}\)
\(\Rightarrow5A=\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{2}{5^2}+\dfrac{3}{3^3}+........+\dfrac{n}{5^n}+..........+\dfrac{11}{5^{11}}\)
\(\Rightarrow5A-A=\left(\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{2}{5^2}+\dfrac{3}{5^3}+.....+\dfrac{n}{5^n}+....+\dfrac{11}{5^{11}}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{5^2}+\dfrac{2}{5^3}+.....+\dfrac{n}{5^{n+1}}+........+\dfrac{11}{5^{12}}\right)\)\(\Rightarrow4A=\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+........+\dfrac{1}{5^{11}}-\dfrac{11}{5^{12}}\)
\(\Rightarrow20A=1+\dfrac{1}{5}+.........+\dfrac{1}{5^{10}}-\dfrac{11}{5^{11}}\)
\(\Rightarrow20A-4A=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{5}+.......+\dfrac{1}{5^{10}}-\dfrac{11}{5^{11}}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+........+\dfrac{1}{5^{11}}-\dfrac{11}{5^{12}}\right)\)\(\Rightarrow16A=1-\dfrac{12}{5^{11}}+\dfrac{11}{5^{12}}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{16}\rightarrowđpcm\)
Lời giải:
\(A=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{33}+\frac{1}{34}+\frac{1}{35}+\frac{1}{51}+\frac{1}{53}+\frac{1}{55}+\frac{1}{57}+\frac{1}{59}\)
Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{33}+\frac{1}{34}+\frac{1}{35}< \frac{1}{30}+\frac{1}{30}+\frac{1}{30}=\frac{3}{30}=\frac{1}{10}\)
\(\frac{1}{51}+\frac{1}{53}+\frac{1}{55}+\frac{1}{57}+\frac{1}{59}< \frac{1}{50}+\frac{1}{50}+\frac{1}{50}+\frac{1}{50}+\frac{1}{50}=\frac{5}{50}=\frac{1}{10}\)
Cộng theo vế:
\(\frac{1}{33}+\frac{1}{34}+\frac{1}{35}+\frac{1}{51}+\frac{1}{53}+\frac{1}{55}+\frac{1}{57}+\frac{1}{59}< \frac{2}{10}=\frac{1}{5}\)
Suy ra \(A< \frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{5}=\frac{7}{10}\)
Ta có đpcm.
Đặt A=\(\dfrac{1}{21}+\dfrac{1}{22}+...+\dfrac{1}{60}\)
A=\(\left(\dfrac{20}{20.21}+\dfrac{21}{21.22}+...+\dfrac{39}{39.40}\right)+\left(\dfrac{40}{40.41}+\dfrac{41}{41.42}+...+\dfrac{59}{59.60}\right)\)
=>A >\(20\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{20.21}+\dfrac{1}{21.22}+...+\dfrac{1}{39.40}\right)+40\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{40.41}+\dfrac{1}{41.42}+...+\dfrac{1}{59.60}\right)\)
A>\(20\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{20}-\dfrac{1}{40}\right)+40\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{40}-\dfrac{1}{60}\right)=\dfrac{5}{6}>\dfrac{11}{15}\)
Mặt khác: A<\(40\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{20.21}+\dfrac{1}{21.22}+...+\dfrac{1}{39.40}\right)+60\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{40.41}+\dfrac{1}{41.42}+...+\dfrac{1}{59.60}\right)\)
A<\(40\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{20}-\dfrac{1}{40}\right)+60\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{40}-\dfrac{1}{60}\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Vậy...