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a, Ta có :\(A=\dfrac{1}{2^1}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{49}}+\dfrac{1}{2^{50}}\\ \Rightarrow2A=1+\dfrac{1}{2^1}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{49}}\\ \Rightarrow2A-A=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2^1}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{49}}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{2^1}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{50}}\right)\\ \Rightarrow A=1-\dfrac{1}{2^{50}}< 1\\ \Rightarrow A< 1\) Vậy \(A< 1\)
b, Ta có :
\(B=\dfrac{1}{3^1}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\\ \Rightarrow3B=1+\dfrac{1}{3^1}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\\ \Rightarrow3B-B=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{3^1}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{3^1}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\right)\\ \Rightarrow2B=1-\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}< 1\\ \Rightarrow B< \dfrac{1}{2}\)Vậy \(B< \dfrac{1}{2}\)
c, Ta có :
\(C=\dfrac{1}{4^1}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{4^{1000}}\\ \Rightarrow4C=1+\dfrac{1}{4^1}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{4^{999}}\\\Rightarrow4C-C=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{4^1}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{4^{999}}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{4^1}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{4^{1000}}\right)\\ \Rightarrow3C=1-\dfrac{1}{4^{1000}}< 1\\ \Rightarrow C< \dfrac{1}{3}\)Vậy \(C< \dfrac{1}{3}\)
Bài 1 :
\(A=\dfrac{\dfrac{3}{7}-\dfrac{3}{17}+\dfrac{3}{37}}{\dfrac{5}{7}-\dfrac{5}{17}+\dfrac{5}{37}}+\dfrac{2}{5}=\dfrac{3\left(\dfrac{1}{7}-\dfrac{1}{17}+\dfrac{1}{37}\right)}{5\left(\dfrac{1}{7}-\dfrac{1}{17}+\dfrac{1}{37}\right)}+\dfrac{2}{5}=\dfrac{3}{5}+\dfrac{2}{5}=\dfrac{5}{5}=1\)
a) \(A=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+............+\dfrac{1}{2^{100}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2A=1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+........+\dfrac{1}{2^{99}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2A-A=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+.........+\dfrac{1}{2^{99}}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+.....+\dfrac{1}{2^{100}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=1-\dfrac{1}{2^{100}}\)
a, \(\dfrac{1}{2!}+\dfrac{2}{3!}+...+\dfrac{99}{100!}< \dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+...+\dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}=1-\dfrac{1}{100}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
d, \(D=\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3D=1+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{98}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3D-D=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{98}}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2D=1-\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\)
\(\Rightarrow D=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3^{99}.2}< \dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
\(\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{49.50}\)
\(=1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{49}-\dfrac{1}{50}\)
\(=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{49}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{50}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{49}+\dfrac{1}{50}\right)-2\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{50}\right)\)
\(=1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{49}+\dfrac{1}{50}-1-\dfrac{1}{2}-...-\dfrac{1}{25}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{26}+\dfrac{1}{27}+...+\dfrac{1}{50}\)
\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{100}}\)
\(2A=1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{99}}\)
\(A=2A-A=1+\dfrac{1}{2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{99}}-\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2^2}-...-\dfrac{1}{2^{100}}\)\(\Rightarrow A=1-\dfrac{1}{2^{100}}\)
a) \(A=\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{3}{4}-\left(-\dfrac{3}{5}\right)+\dfrac{1}{72}-\dfrac{2}{9}-\dfrac{1}{36}+\dfrac{1}{15}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{3}{4}+\dfrac{3}{5}+\dfrac{1}{72}-\dfrac{2}{9}-\dfrac{1}{36}+\dfrac{1}{15}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{3}{5}+\dfrac{1}{15}\right)-\left(\dfrac{3}{4}+\dfrac{2}{9}+\dfrac{1}{36}\right)+\dfrac{1}{72}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{5}{15}+\dfrac{9}{15}+\dfrac{1}{15}\right)-\left(\dfrac{27}{36}+\dfrac{8}{36}+\dfrac{1}{36}\right)+\dfrac{1}{72}\)
\(=1-1+\dfrac{1}{72}\)
\(=0+\dfrac{1}{72}=\dfrac{1}{72}\)
b) \(B=\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{3}{7}+\dfrac{5}{9}-\dfrac{2}{9}+\dfrac{7}{13}-\dfrac{2}{11}-\dfrac{5}{9}+\dfrac{3}{7}-\dfrac{1}{5}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{5}\right)+\left(-\dfrac{3}{7}+\dfrac{3}{7}\right)+\left(\dfrac{5}{9}-\dfrac{5}{9}\right)-\left(\dfrac{2}{9}-\dfrac{7}{13}+\dfrac{2}{11}\right)\)
\(=0+0+0-\left(\dfrac{286}{1287}-\dfrac{693}{1287}+\dfrac{234}{1287}\right)\)
\(=-\left(-\dfrac{173}{1287}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{173}{1287}\)
c) \(C=\dfrac{1}{100}-\dfrac{1}{100.99}-\dfrac{1}{99.98}-.....-\dfrac{1}{3.2}-\dfrac{1}{2.1}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{100}-\left(\dfrac{1}{100.99}+\dfrac{1}{99.98}+\dfrac{1}{98.97}+...+\dfrac{1}{3.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.1}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{100}-\left(\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+...+\dfrac{1}{97.98}+\dfrac{1}{98.99}+\dfrac{1}{99.100}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{100}-\left(1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{97}-\dfrac{1}{98}+\dfrac{1}{98}-\dfrac{1}{99}+\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{100}-\left(1-\dfrac{1}{100}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{-49}{50}\)
Ta có: \(3\cdot A=1+\dfrac{1}{3^1}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\)
Do đó:
\(3\cdot A-A=1+\dfrac{1}{3^1}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}-\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3^2}-...-\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\)
hay \(2\cdot A=1-\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\left(1-\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\right):2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\left(1-\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\right)\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2\cdot3^{100}}< \dfrac{1}{2}\)
hay A<B
Ta có: 3⋅A=1+131+132+...+13993⋅A=1+131+132+...+1399
A=13+132+...+13100A=13+132+...+13100
Do đó:
3⋅A−A=1+131+132+...+13100−13−132−...−131003⋅A−A=1+131+132+...+13100−13−132−...−13100
hay 2⋅A=1−131002⋅A=1−13100
⇔A=(1−13100):2⇔A=(1−13100):2
⇔A=(1−13100)⋅12⇔A=(1−13100)⋅12
⇔A=12−12⋅3100<12⇔A=12−12⋅3100<12
hay A<B