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- Viết gọn các tổng , hiệu , tích sau bang cách dùng lũy thừa
a ) xxx + aaaa
=x3+a4
b ) aaa - bb
=a3-b2
- Tìm các số tự nhiên x biết:
*x2=16
=>x2=42
=>x=4
*(x+1)2=9
=>(x+1)2=32
=>x+1=3
=>x+1=3
=>x=3-1
=>x=2
*x3=27
=>x3=33
=>x=3
*3x+1=27
=>3x+1=33
=>x+1=3
=>x=3-1
=>x=2
*2x=36
=>2x=25
=>x=5
a)
- \(A=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{60}\)
\(=\left(2+2^2\right)+\left(2^3+2^4\right)+...+\left(2^{59}+2^{60}\right)\)
\(=2\left(1+2\right)+2^3\left(1+2\right)+...+2^{59}\left(1+2\right)\)
\(=2.3+2^3.3+...+2^{59}.3\)
\(=3\left(2+2^3+...+2^{59}\right)⋮3\)
- \(A=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{60}\)
\(=\left(2+2^2+2^3\right)+\left(2^4+2^5+2^6\right)+...+\left(2^{58}+2^{59}+2^{60}\right)\)
\(=2\left(1+2+2^2\right)+2^4\left(1+2+2^2\right)+...+2^{58}\left(1+2+2^2\right)\)
\(=2.7+2^4.7+...+2^{58}.7\)
\(=7\left(2+2^4+2^{58}\right)⋮7\)
- \(A=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{60}\)
\(=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+\left(2^5+2^6+2^7+2^8\right)+...+\left(2^{57}+2^{58}+2^{59}+2^{60}\right)\)
\(=2\left(1+2+2^2+2^3\right)+2^5\left(1+2+2^2+2^3\right)+...+2^{57}\left(1+2+2^2+2^3\right)\)
\(=2.15+2^5.15+...+2^{57}.15\)
\(=15\left(2+2^5+2^{57}\right)⋮15\)
b) \(B=1+5+5^2+5^3+...+5^{96}+5^{97}+5^{98}\)
\(=\left(1+5+5^2\right)+\left(5^3+5^4+5^5\right)+...+\left(5^{96}+5^{97}+5^{98}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+5+5^2\right)+5^3\left(1+5+5^2\right)+..+5^{96}\left(1+5+5^2\right)\)
\(=31+5^3.31+...+5^{96}.31\)
\(=31\left(1+5^3+...+5^{96}\right)⋮31\)
Tìm x
a.( x - 140 ) : 3 = 27
x - 140 = 27 . 3
x - 140 = 81
x = 221
b.14 - 4 ( x + 1 ) = 10
4 ( x + 1 ) = 14 - 10
4 ( x +1) = 4
x + 1 = 1
x = 0
c. 15 ( 7 - x ) = 15
7 - x = 1
x = 6
d.34 ( x - 3 ) = 0
\(\Rightarrow\) 34 = 0 hoặc x - 3 = 0
1. 34 = 0 ( vô lí )
2. x - 3 = 0 \(\Rightarrow\) x = 3
e. 24 + 6 (3 - x ) = 30
6( 3- x ) = 30 - 24
6( 3 - x ) = 6
3 - x = 1
x = 2
f. x3 + 24 = 51
x3 = 51 - 24
x3 = 27
\(\Rightarrow\)x = 3 ; x = -3
g. ( x- 5 )2 - 5 = 44
( x - 5) 2 = 49
\(\Rightarrow\)x - 5 = 7 hoặc x - 5 = -7
1. x - 5 = 7\(\Rightarrow\)x = 12
2. x - 5 = -7 \(\Rightarrow\)x = -2
h. ( x + 1 )3 - 23 = 4
( x + 1 )3 =27
\(\Rightarrow\) x + 1 = 3 hoặc x + 1 = -3
1. x + 1 = 3\(\Rightarrow\)x = 2
2. x + 1 = -3 \(\Rightarrow\)x = -4
B:6 so sánh
a, \(7^{18}\) + \(7^{19}\) và \(7^{20}\)
ta có : \(7^{18}\) + \(7^{19}\) = \(7^{37}\)
mà \(7^{37}\) > \(7^{12}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(7^{18}\) + \(7^{19}\) > \(7^{20}\)
a, Ta có: \(3^{21}>3^{20}\left(1\right)\)
\(2^{31}>2^{30}\)(2)
Mà \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3^{20}=3^{2.10}=\left(3^2\right)^{10}=9^{10}\\2^{30}=2^{3.10}=\left(2^3\right)^{10}=8^{10}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Do \(9>8\Rightarrow9^{10}>8^{10}\Rightarrow3^{20}>2^{30}\left(3\right)\)
Từ (1);(2) và (3) ta suy ra \(3^{21}>2^{31}\)
a)\(3^{21}=\left(3^2\right)^{10}.3=9^{10.3}\)
\(2^{31}=\left(2^3\right)^{10}.2=8^{10}.2\)
Vì \(9^{10}.3>8^{10}.2\Rightarrow3^{21}>2^{31}\)
b)\(A=\dfrac{1+5+5^2+...+5^9}{1+5+5^2+...+5^8}\)
\(A=\dfrac{1+5+5^2+...+5^8}{1+5+5^2+...+5^8}+\dfrac{5^9}{1+5+5^2+...+5^8}\)
\(A=1+\dfrac{5^9}{1+5+5^2+..+5^9}\)
A=\(1+1:\dfrac{1+5+5^2+...+5^9}{5^9}\)
\(A=1+1:\left(\dfrac{1}{5^9}+\dfrac{1}{5^8}+\dfrac{1}{5^7}+...+\dfrac{1}{5}\right)\)
Tương tự \(B=1+1:\left(\dfrac{1}{3^9}+\dfrac{1}{3^8}+\dfrac{1}{3^7}+...+\dfrac{1}{3}\right)\)
Vì \(\dfrac{1}{5^9}+\dfrac{1}{5^8}+\dfrac{1}{5^7}+....+\dfrac{1}{5}< \dfrac{1}{3^9}+\dfrac{1}{3^8}+...+\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow A>B\)
c)ta thấy 125*5^12=(5^3)*(5^12)=5^15 , =>124*5^12 <5^15