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a) (x - 2)(x2 - 2x + 4)(x - 2)( x2 + 2x + 4)
= (x - 2)2(x - 2)2(x + 2)2
= (x - 2)4(x + 2)2
b) (a + b + c)3 - (b + c - a)3 - (a - b + c)3 - (a + b - c)3
Đặt a+b-c=x, c+a-b=y, b+c-a=z
=>x+y+z=a+b-c+c+a-b+b+c-a=a+b+c
Ta có hằng đẳng thức:
(x+y+z)^3-3x-3y-3z=3(x+y)(x+z)(y+z)
=>(a+b+c)^3-(b+c-a)^3-(a+c-b)^3-(a+b-c)^3=(x+y+z)^3-x^3-y^3-z^3
=3(x+y)(x+z)(y+z)
=3(a+b-c+c+a-b)(c+a-b+b+c-a)(b+c-a+a+b-c)
=3.2a.2b.2c
=24abc
c) (a + b)3 + (b + c)3 + (c + a)3 - 3(a + b)(b + c)(c + a)
Đặt x = a+b; y = b+c; z = c+a ta có:
x3+y3+z3−3xyz
= (x+y)3−3xy(x−y)+z3−3xyz
=[(x+y)3+z3]−3xy(x+y+z)
=(x+y+z)3−3z(x+y)(x+y+z)−3xy(x−y−z)
=(x+y+z)[(x+y+z)2−3z(x+y)−3xy]
=(x+y+z)(x2+y2+z2+2xy+2xz+2yz−3xz−3yz−3xy)
=(x+y+z)(x2+y2+z2−xy−yz−yx)
Thay vào ta có:
(a+b+b+c+c+a)[(a+b)2+(b+c)2+(c+a)2−(a+b)(b+c)−(b+c)(c+a)−(c+a)(a+b)]
=(2a+2b+2c)(a2−ab−ac+b2−bc+c2)
=2(a+b+c)(a2−ab−ac+b2−bc+c2)
a) 2( x - 1 )2 - 4( 3 + x )2 + 2x( x - 5 )
= 2( x2 - 2x + 1 ) - 4( 9 + 6x + x2 ) + 2x2 - 10x
= 2x2 - 4x + 2 - 36 - 24x - 4x2 + 2x2 - 10x
= ( 2x2 - 4x2 + 2x2 ) + ( -4x - 24x - 10x ) + ( 2 - 36 )
= -38x - 34
b) 2( 2x + 5 )2 - 3( 4x + 1 )( 1 - 4x )
= 2( 4x2 + 20x + 25 ) + 3( 4x + 1 )( 4x - 1 )
= 8x2 + 40x + 50 + 3( 16x2 - 1 )
= 8x2 + 40x + 50 + 48x2 - 3
= 56x2 + 40x + 47
c) ( x - 1 )3 - x( x - 3 )2 + 1
= x3 - 3x2 + 3x - 1 - x( x2 - 6x + 9 ) + 1
= x3 - 3x2 + 3x - x3 + 6x2 - 9x
= 3x2 - 6x
d) ( x + 2 )3 - x2( x + 6 )
= x3 + 6x2 + 12x + 8 - x3 - 6x2
= 12x + 8
e) ( x - 2 )( x + 2 ) - ( x + 1 )3 - 2x( x - 1 )2
= x2 - 4 - ( x3 + 3x2 + 3x + 1 ) - 2x( x2 - 2x + 1 )
= x2 - 4 - x3 - 3x2 - 3x - 1 - 2x3 + 4x2 - 2x
= -3x3 + 2x2 - 5x - 5
f) ( a + b - c )2 - ( b - c )2 - 2a( b - c )
= [ ( a + b ) - c ]2 - ( b2 - 2bc + c2 ) - 2ab + 2ac
= [ ( a + b )2 - 2( a + b )c + c2 ] - b2 + 2bc - c2 - 2ab + 2ac
= a2 + 2ab + b2 - 2ac - 2bc + c2 - b2 + 2bc - c2 - 2ab + 2ac
= a2
a) \(2\left(x-1\right)^2-4\left(3+x\right)^2+2x\left(x-5\right)\)
Dùng hẳng đẳng thức thứ nhất + hai :
= \(2\left(x^2-2\cdot x\cdot1+1^2\right)-4\left(3^2+2\cdot3\cdot x+x^2\right)+2x^2-10x\)
= \(2\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-4\left(9+6x+x^2\right)+2x^2-10x\)
= \(2x^2-4x+2-36-24x-4x^2+2x^2-10x\)
= \(-38x-34\)
b) 2(2x + 5)2 - 3(4x + 1)(1 - 4x)
Dùng đẳng thức thứ 1 + 3
= 2[(2x)2 + 2.2x.5 + 52 ] - (-3)[(4x)2 - 12 ]
= 2(4x2 + 20x + 25) - (-3).(16x2 - 1)
= 8x2 + 40x + 50 - (3 - 48x2)
= 8x2 + 40x + 50 - 3 + 48x2
= 56x2 + 40x + 47
c) (x - 1)3 - x(x - 3)2 + 1
Dùng đẳng thức 2 + 5:
= x3 - 3.x2.1 + 3.x.12 - 13 - x(x2 - 2.x.3 + 32) + 1
= x3 - 3x2 + 3x - 1 - x3 + 6x2 - 9x + 1
= (x3 - x3) + (-3x2 + 6x2) + (3x - 9x) + (-1 + 1)
= 3x2 - 6x
d) (x + 2)3 - x2(x + 6)
= x3 + 3.x2.2 + 3.x.22 + 23 - x3 - 6x2
= x3 + 6x2 + 12x + 8 - x3 - 6x2
= (x3 - x3) + (6x2 - 6x2) + 12x + 8 = 12x + 8
e) Dùng đẳng thức thứ 3,4 và 2
= x2 - 4 - (x3 + 3.x2.1 + 3.x.12 + 13) - 2x(x2 - 2.x.1 + 12)
= x2 - 4 - (x3 + 3x2 + 3x + 1) - 2x3 + 4x2 - 2x
= x2 - 4 - x3 - 3x2 - 3x - 1 - 2x3 + 4x2 - 2x
= (x2 - 3x2 + 4x2) + (-4 - 1) + (-x3 - 2x3) + (-3x - 2x)
= 2x2 - 5 - 3x3 - 5x
f) Đặt \(a+b-c=A\)
\(b-c=B\)
= \(A^2-B^2-2AB\)
= \(A^2-2AB+\left(-B\right)^2\)
\(=A^2-2AB+B^2\)
= (A - B)2
= (a + b - c - (b - c))2
= (a + b - c - b + c)2
= a2
a) \(x\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)-\left(x^2-2\right)\left(x^2+2\right)\)
\(=x\left(x^2-9\right)-x^4+4\)
\(=x^3-9x-x^4+4\)
\(=-x^4+x^3-9x+4\)
Bài 1:
- a,(2+xy)^2=4+4xy+x^2y^2
- b,(5-3x)^2=25-30x+9x^2
- d,(5x-1)^3=125x^3 - 75x^2 + 15x^2 - 1
a)\(\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2-2x+4\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+2x-4\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)^2\left(x^2-2x+4\right)\left(x^2+2x-4\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)^2\left(x^4+4x^2+16\right)\)
\(=x^6-4x^5+8x^4-16x^3+32x^2-64x+64\)