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\(\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2-2xy+2xz-2yz}{x^2-2xy+y^2-z^2}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x-y+z\right)^2}{\left(x-y\right)^2-z^2}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x-y+z\right)^2}{\left(x-y-z\right)\left(x-y+z\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x-y+z}{x-y-z}\)
Hướng dẫn :\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=0\Rightarrow\frac{xy+yz+zx}{xyz}=0\Rightarrow xy+yz+zx=0\)
Thay vào:\(x^2+2yz=x^2+yz+yz=x^2+yz-xy-zx=x\left(x-y\right)-z\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\)
Tương tự thay vào mà quy đồng
áp dụng bổ đề \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{9}{a+b+c}\)(bạn dùng cô-si,xét tích \(\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x^2+2xy}+\frac{1}{y^2+2yz}+\frac{1}{z^2+2xz}\ge\frac{9}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}=\frac{9}{1^2}\)
Sửa lại đề : tính \(A=\frac{yz}{x^2+2yz}+\frac{xz}{y^2+2xz}+\frac{xy}{z^2+2xy}\)
Từ \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=0\Leftrightarrow\frac{xy+yz+xz}{xyz}=0\Rightarrow xy+yz+xz=0\)
\(\Rightarrow yz=-xy-xz\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+2yz=x^2+yz-xy-xz=x\left(x-y\right)-z\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-z\right)\left(x-y\right)\)
CM tương tự ta cx có : \(\hept{\begin{cases}y^2+2xz=\left(y-x\right)\left(y-z\right)\\z^2+2xy=\left(z-x\right)\left(z-y\right)\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{yz}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}+\frac{xz}{\left(y-x\right)\left(y-z\right)}+\frac{xy}{\left(z-x\right)\left(z-y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{yz\left(y-z\right)-xz\left(x-z\right)+xy\left(x-y\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}\)
\(=\frac{yz\left(y-z\right)-xz\left(x-y-z+y\right)+xy\left(x-y\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}\)
\(=\frac{yz\left(y-z\right)+xz\left(z-y\right)-xz\left(x-y\right)+xy\left(x-y\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(y-z\right)\left(yz-xz\right)+\left(x-y\right)\left(xy-xz\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(y-z\right)\left(y-x\right)z+\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)x}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(y-z\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}=1\)
Cách khác:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(2yz\le y^2+z^2\Rightarrow x^2+2yz\le x^2+y^2+z^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^2}{x^2+2yz}\ge\frac{x^2}{x^2+y^2+z^2}\). Tương tự ta cũng có: \(\left\{\begin{matrix}\frac{y^2}{y^2+2xz}\ge\frac{y^2}{x^2+y^2+z^2}\\\frac{z^2}{z^2+2xy}\ge\frac{z^2}{x^2+y^2+z^2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Cộng theo vế rồi thu gọn ta cũng được \(P_{Min}=1\)
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel ta có:
P = \(\frac{x^2}{x^2+2yz}+\frac{y^2}{y^2+2xz}+\frac{z^2}{z^2+2xy}\ge\)\(\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}=1\)
Dau "=" xay ra khi x = y = z
Trả lời:
sửa đề: \(\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2-2xy+2xz-2yz}{x^2-2xy+y^2-z^2}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x-y+z\right)^2}{\left(x-y\right)^2-z^2}=\frac{\left(x-y+z\right)^2}{\left(x-y+z\right)\left(x-y-z\right)}=\frac{x-y+z}{x-y-z}\)