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\(=\dfrac{b\left(b-c\right)-a\left(a-c\right)}{ab\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{b^2-bc-a^2+ac}{ab\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)+c\left(a-b\right)}{ab\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-a-b+c}{ab\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{a\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}-\dfrac{1}{b\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{b^2-cb-a^2+ac}{ab\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(b-a\right)\left(b+a\right)-c\left(b-a\right)}{ab\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-\left(b+a-c\right)}{ab\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{b\left(b-a\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{a\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}-\dfrac{1}{b\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{b\left(b-c\right)-a\left(a-c\right)}{ab\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}=\dfrac{b^2-bc-a^2+ac}{ab\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)+c\left(a-b\right)}{ab\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(-a-b+c\right)}{ab\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}\)
\(=-\dfrac{a+b-c}{ab\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}\)
1)\(\dfrac{c-b}{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\dfrac{a-c}{\left(b-a\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\dfrac{b-a}{\left(b-a\right)\left(c-b\right)\left(c-a\right)}=\dfrac{c-b+a-c+b-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}=0\)
\(B=\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{abc}\right)-abc\left(\dfrac{a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2}{a^2b^2c^2}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2-\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)}{abc}\)
\(=\dfrac{a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2+2abc\left(a+b+c\right)-\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)}{abc}\)
\(=2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
2b)\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}\)
<=> \(\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{abc}=\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}\)
<=> (ab+bc+ca)(a+b+c)=abc
<=> (ab+bc+ca)(a+b+c)-abc=0
<=> (a+b)(b+c)(c+a) = 0
<=> a+b=0 hoặc b+c=0 hoặc c+a=0
<=> a=-b hoặc b=-c hoặc c = -a
sau đó thay vào cái cần c/m
\(\left(1+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{c}{b}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{a}{c}\right)=8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{a}\times\dfrac{b+c}{b}\times\dfrac{a+c}{c}=8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)=8abc\)
~*~*~*~*~
\(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{a+c}\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{4}+\dfrac{ab}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{bc}{\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{ac}{\left(c+a\right)\left(a+b\right)}\) (1)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{a+b}-\dfrac{ab}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}-\dfrac{bc}{\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{c}{c+a}-\dfrac{ac}{\left(c+a\right)\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{a+b}\left(1-\dfrac{b}{b+c}\right)+\dfrac{b}{b+c}\left(1-\dfrac{c}{c+a}\right)+\dfrac{c}{a+c}\left(1-\dfrac{a}{a+b}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{a+b}\times\dfrac{c}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}\times\dfrac{a}{a+c}+\dfrac{c}{a+c}\times\dfrac{b}{a+b}\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{ac\left(a+c\right)+ab\left(a+b\right)+bc\left(b+c\right)}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ac\left(a+c\right)+ab\left(a+b\right)+bc\left(b+c\right)=\dfrac{3}{4}\times8abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ac\left(a+c\right)+ab\left(a+b\right)+bc\left(b+c\right)+2abc=8abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)=8abc\) luôn đúng
=> (1) đúng
Bạn cũng có thể giải bằng cách đặt \(x=\dfrac{a}{a+b};y=\dfrac{b}{b+c};z=\dfrac{c}{a+c}\).
A=\(\dfrac{1}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}\)\(-\dfrac{1}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)\(+\dfrac{1}{\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)
<=>A=\(\dfrac{b-c-\left(a-c\right)+a-b}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}\)
<=> A=\(\dfrac{0}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}\)<=> A=0
Đặt: \(a-b=x\)
\(a-c=y\)
\(b-c=z\)
Ta có: \(A=\dfrac{1}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(b-a\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{xy}-\dfrac{1}{xz}+\dfrac{1}{yz}\)
\(=\dfrac{xyz^2-xy^2z+x^2yz}{x^2y^2z^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{xyz\left(z-y+x\right)}{x^2y^2z^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{z-y+x}{xyz}\)
Thay \(a-b=x;a-c=y;b-c=z\) vào biểu thức \(\dfrac{z-y+x}{xyz}\), ta được:
\(\dfrac{\left(b-c\right)-\left(a-c\right)+\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)
= \(\dfrac{b-c-a+c+a-b}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)
= 0
Vậy:\(A=\dfrac{1}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(b-a\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}=0\)