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If you wander on the streets of Ha Noi, the capital of Viet Nam, you may be surprised that most people are wearing masks, hiding their faces. This is because of serious air pollution in this city. Between March 1 and 4, 2016, the air quality index of Ha Noi, as measured by the US Embassy in Ha Noi was over 350. At this level, air pollution can cause lots of respiratory diseases especially to children and the elderly. The major cause of air pollution in Ha Noi is diseases Due to the increasing number of motorcycles and cars in the last decade, the emission of emission exhausts has been on a constant rise. Another reason is urban construction, including road upgrading projects and residential buildings. People upgrading to live with the dust and dirt throughout the city.
Environmental experts have warned that if the city continues to develop its economy with little regard to the environment the consequence will be tragic.
Questions:
1. What do Hanoi people usully wear when they go out?
-> Most people are wearing masks, hiding their faces.
2. Why do they have to do that?
-> Because of serious air pollution in this city.
3. Can air pollution cause a lot of bad diseases?
-> Yes, it can.
4. What do people have to do with the dust and dirt throughout the city
-> People upgrading to live with the dust and dirt throughout the city.
5. How have the environmentalists warned about the city?
-> Environmental experts have warned that if the city continues to develop its economy with little regard to the environment the consequence will be tragic.
I
1 pollution
2 diseases
3 emission
4 upgrading
5 enviroment
II
1 A
2 D
3 C
4 C
5 B
Question 1. Choose ONE appropriate question in the box to each paragraph below:
1/ How do industry and transport cause pollution?
2/ How can I help?
3/ What is the pollution?
4/ How can industry help?
5/ What cause pollution?
6/ What about air pollution?
A. _3__ Pollution is the poisoning of the land, sea and air.
B. __5_ Mainly industry and transport. If you go to any city, you will see too many
factories, too many cars with not enough people in them, and not enough public transport.
C. __1_ Factories and vehicles produce waste which goes into the air and rivers and
spreads all over the land. Poisons in the waste build up over the years and harm trees,
plants, animals, and people.
D. _6__ Waste gases build up in the air, and dissolve into raindrops, forming a weak
acid. This "acid rain" can fall far away from the country which produced it, killing trees in
forests and fish in lakes and rivers.
E. _4__ If companies clean their waste gases before releasing them into the
atmosphere, there'll be much less air pollution and no acid rain. But this can be expensive
and it needs all the world's companies to do it.
F. _2__ Cars pollute the atmosphere. Walk, cycle and use public transport as much as
possible. Only use your car when you really need to, and use unleaded petrol if you can -
lead is one of the most dangerous ingredients in petrol. Join us, and help us to campaign for
cleaner air for everybody.
PART VII: (2.0 pts) Read the following passage and circle the answers A, B, C or D which is most accurate according to the information given in the passage.
In order to help solve the problem of pollution, people have to be aware of its causes, some of which are quite obvious in everyday life. In many cities people are forced to breathe in polluted air, commonly known as smog, which is a mixture of gases sent out by car exhausts and factory chimneys. What can be done to reduce air pollution is to remove factories from cities and use lead-free petrol in cars.
The pollution of rivers, lakes and seas leads to the death of the creatures that live in them. Factories are largely responsible for the present situation, which is expected to worsen if governments do not make them to obey the law against pollution and punish industries which pollute water.
Finally, all over the world, especially in cities, we see huge amounts of rubbish in the streets, which we are responsible for. The rubbish collection system often does not work properly and people themselves add to the problem by dropping litter in the streets. There is so much we could do to help solve the problem. The point is how willing are we to do something about it?
1. In order to help solve the problem of pollution,
A people need to know what causes it.
B people don’t need to know what causes it.
C people have to do something immediately.
D people don’t need to do anything about it.
2. Smog is caused by
A cars only
B factories only.
C cars and factories.
D air
3. The pollution of rivers, lakes and seas is largely caused by
A car exhausts.
B lead-free petrol in cars.
C factories.
D creatures.
4. Which of the following is NOT true?
A People add to the problem of pollution by collecting rubbish.
B People add to the problem of pollution by dropping litter.
C Huge amounts of rubbish in the cities cause pollution.
D We are responsible for huge amounts of rubbish in the cities.
5. The opposite of the word properly in the passage is
A unproperly B disproperly
C improperly D inproperly
Read and put the headings into the correct paragraphs.
(There is one extra)
1. Effect on health of humans
2. Effect on growth of plants
3. Decreased soil fertility
4. Toxic dust
5. Changes in temperature
6. Changes in soil structure
Effects of Soil Pollution
1. : Considering how soil is the reason we are
able to sustain ourselves, the contamination of it has major consequences on our
health. Crops and plants grown on polluted soil absorb much of the pollution and
then pass these on to us. This could explain the sudden surge in small and terminal
illnesses.
Effect on health of humans
2. : The ecological balance of any system gets
affected due to the widespread contamination of the soil. Most plants are unable to
adapt when the chemistry of the soil changes so radically in a short period of time.
Fungi and bacteria found in the soil that bind it together begin to decline, which
creates an additional problem of soil erosion.
Effect on growth of plants
3. : The toxic chemicals present in the soil can
decrease soil fertility and therefore decrease in the soil yield. The contaminated soil
is then used to produce fruits and vegetables which lacks quality nutrients and may
contain some poisonous substance to cause serious health problems in people
consuming them.
Decreased soil fertility
4. : The emission of toxic and foul gases from
landfills pollutes the environment and causes serious effects on health of some
people. The unpleasant smell causes inconvenience to other people.
Toxic Dust
5. : The death of many soil organisms (e.g.
earthworms) in the soil can lead to alteration in soil structure. Apart from that, it
could also force other predators to move to other places in search of food.