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= (ax+a-ay) + (by-bx-b)
= a nhân ( x+1-y) + b nhân ( y-x-1 )
= a nhân ( x+1-y) - b nhân ( x+1-y )
= (x+1-y) nhân (a-b)
Bài 2 : Phân tích các đa thức sau thành nhân tử :
a) x2 - ( m + n )x + mn
b) ax + by + a - bx - ay - b
\(a,=x^2-mx-nx+mn=x\left(x-m\right)-n\left(x-m\right)=\left(x-n\right)\left(x-m\right)\\ b,=a\left(x-y\right)-b\left(x-y\right)+\left(a-b\right)\\ =\left(x-y\right)\left(a-b\right)+\left(a-b\right)=\left(a-b\right)\left(x-y+1\right)\)
b: \(=a\left(x-y\right)-b\left(x-y\right)+a-b\)
\(=\left(x-y+1\right)\left(a-b\right)\)
a ) xy + 1 - x - y
= x ( y - 1 ) + 1 - y
= x ( y - 1 ) - ( y - 1 )
= ( x - 1 ) ( y - 1 )
b ) x2 + ab + ac + bx
= ( b + x )x + a( b + c )
= ( b + x )1x + 1a( b + c )
= ( b + x ) ( x + a ) ( b + c )
c ) ax + bx - cx + a + b - c
= ( a + b - c )x + a + b - c
= ( a + b - c )x + ( a + b - c )1
= ( a + b - c ) ( x + 1 )
d)\(x^2-ax-bx+ab=x\left(x-a\right)-b\left(x-a\right)\)
\(=\left(x-b\right)\left(x-a\right)\)
e)\(x^2y+xy^2-x-y=xy\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(xy-1\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
f)\(ax^2+ay-bx^2-by=a\left(x^2+y\right)-b\left(x^2+y\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(x^2+y\right)\)
\(4x+by+4y+bx=\) \(\left(4x+4y\right)+\left(by+bx\right)\)
\(=\) \(4\left(x+y\right)+b\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(4+b\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
\(2x^2+xy-2x-y=\) \(\left(2x^2+xy\right)-\left(2x+y\right)\)
\(=x\left(2x+y\right)-\left(2x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(2x+y\right)\)
\(ax+bx+ay+by\)
\(=x\left(a+b\right)+y\left(a+b\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(a+b\right)\)
\(xy+1-x-y\)
\(=x\left(y-1\right)-\left(y-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)\)
d) ax2 + ay - bx2 - by
= ( ax2 + ay ) - ( bx2 + by )
= a ( x2 + y ) - b ( x2 + y )
= ( x2 + y )( a - b )
c) x2y + xy2 - x - y
= ( x2y + xy2 ) - ( x + y )
= xy ( x + y ) - ( x+ y )
= ( x + y ) ( xy - 1 )
ax - ay + bx - by= (ax - ay) + (bx - by)
= a(x - y) + b(x - y)
= (x - y)(a + b)
x2 - 2xy + y2 - 1= (x2 - 2xy + y2) - 12
= (x - y)2 - 12
= (x - y - 1)(x - y + 1)
9 - x2 - 2xy - y2 = 32 - ( x2 + 2xy + y2 )
= 32 - ( x + y)2
= ( 3 - ( x + y)).(3 + ( x + y))
= (3 - x - y)(3 + x + y)
\(a\left(x-y\right)+bx-by=a\left(x-y\right)+b\left(x-y\right)=\left(a+b\right)\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=a\left(x-y\right)+b\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(a+b\right)\)