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a) \(2x-6y=2\left(x-3y\right)\)
b) \(x^2-y^2=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
c) \(2x^3+4x^2+2x=2x\left(x^2+2x+1\right)=2x\left(x+1\right)^2\)
d) \(x^2-2xy+y^2-9\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2-3^2=\left(x-y-3\right)\left(x-y+3\right)\)
e) \(x^3-10x^2+25x=x\left(x^2-10x+25\right)=x\left(x-5\right)^2\)
f) \(xy+y^2-x-y=y\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(y-1\right)\)
a. 2x - 6y
Bài làm
a. 2x - 6y
= 2(x - 3y)
b. x2 - y2
= (x - y)(x + y)
c. 2x3 + 4x2 + 2x
= 2x(x2 + 2 + 1)
= 2x(x2 + 3)
d. x2 - 2xy + y2 - 9
= (x2 - 2xy + y2) - 9
= (x - y)2 - 9
= (x - y - 3)(x - y + 3)
e. x3 - 10x2 + 25x
= x(x2 - 10x + 25)
= x(x2 - 2.5.x + 52)
= x(x + 5)2
f. xy + y2 - x - y
= y(x + y) - (x + y)
= (x + y)(y - 1)
a) 2x - 6y = 2( x - 3y )
b) x2 - y2 = ( x - y )( x + y )
c) 2x3 + 4x2 + 2x = 2x( x2 + 2x + 1 ) = 2x( x + 1 )2
d) x2 - 2xy + y2 = ( x2 - 2xy + y2 ) - 9 = ( x - y )2 - 32 = ( x - y - 3 )( x - y + 3 )
e) x3 - 10x2 + 25x = x( x2 - 10x + 25 ) = x( x - 5 )2
f) xy + y2 - x - y = ( xy + y2 ) - ( x + y ) = y( x + y ) - ( x + y ) = ( x + y )( y - 1 )
Bài 1 :
a ) \(x^2-6x-y^2+9=\left(x^2-6x+9\right)-y^2=\left(x-3\right)^2-y^2=\left(x-3+y\right)\left(x-3-y\right)\)
b) \(25-4x^2-4xy-y^2=5^2-\left(4x^2+4xy+y^2\right)=5^2-\left(2x+y\right)^2=\left(5+2x+y\right)\left(5-2x-y\right)\)
c) \(x^2+2xy+y^2-xz-yz=\left(x+y\right)^2-z.\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y-z\right)\)
d) \(x^2-4xy+4y^2-z^2+4tz-4t^2=\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)-\left(z^2-4tz+4t^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)^2-\left(z-2t\right)^2=\left(x-2y+z-2t\right).\left(x-2y-z+2t\right)\)
BÀi 2 :
a) \(ax^2+cx^2-ay+ay^2-cy+cy^2=\left(ax^2+cx^2\right)-\left(ay+cy\right)+\left(ay^2+cy^2\right)\)
\(=x^2.\left(a+c\right)-y\left(a+c\right)+y^2.\left(a+c\right)=\left(a+c\right).\left(x^2-y+y^2\right)\)
b) \(ax^2+ay^2-bx^2-by^2+b-a=\left(ax^2-bx^2\right)+\left(ay^2-by^2\right)-\left(a-b\right)\)
\(=x^2.\left(a-b\right)+y^2.\left(a-b\right)-\left(a-b\right)=\left(a-b\right)\left(x^2+y^2-1\right)\)
c) \(ac^2-ad-bc^2+cd+bd-c^3=\left(ac^2-ad\right)+\left(cd+bd\right)-\left(bc^2+c^3\right)\)
\(=-a.\left(d-c^2\right)+d.\left(b+c\right)-c^2.\left(b+c\right)=\left(b+c\right).\left(d-c^2\right)-a\left(d-c^2\right)\)
\(=\left(b+c-a\right)\left(d-c^2\right)\)
BÀi 3 :
a) \(x.\left(x-5\right)-4x+20=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-5\right)-4\left(x-5\right)=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-5\right)\left(x-4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-5=0\\x-4=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=5\\x=4\end{cases}}}\)
b) \(x.\left(x+6\right)-7x-42=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow x.\left(x+6\right)-7.\left(x+6\right)=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+6\right)\left(x-7\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+6=0\\x-7=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-6\\x=7\end{cases}}}\)
c) \(x^3-5x^2+x-5=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow x^2.\left(x-5\right)+\left(x-5\right)=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-5\right)\left(x^2+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x^2+1=0\\x-5=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x^2=-1\left(KTM\right)\\x=5\end{cases}}}\)
d) \(x^4-2x^3+10x^2-20x=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow x.\left(x^3-2x^2+10x-20\right)=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow x.\left[x^2.\left(x-2\right)+10.\left(x-2\right)\right]=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow x.\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+10=0\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=0\\x-2=0\\x^2+10=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=2\\x^2=-10\left(KTM\right)\end{cases}}}\)
c) \(x^2+x-ax-a\)
\(=x\left(x+1\right)-a\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x-a\right)\)
d) \(2xy-ax+x^2-2ay\)
\(=2y\left(x-a\right)+x\left(x-a\right)\)
\(=\left(x-a\right)\left(2y+x\right)\)
e) \(x^2y+xy^2-x-y\)
\(=xy\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(xy-1\right)\)
f) \(25-10x-4y^2+x^2\)
\(=\left(x^2-10x+25\right)-\left(2y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-5\right)^2-\left(2y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-5-2y\right)\left(x-5+2y\right)\)
g) \(x^3-6xy+9y^2-36\)
h) \(4x^2-9y^2+4x-6y\)
\(=\left(2x\right)^2-\left(3y\right)^2+2\left(2x-3y\right)\)
\(=\left(2x-3y\right)\left(2x+3y\right)+2\left(2x-3y\right)\)
\(=\left(2x-3y\right)\left(2x+3y+2\right)\)
k) \(-x^2+5x+2xy-5y-y^2\)
\(=-\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+5\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=-\left(x-y\right)^2+5\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(-x+y+5\right)\)
i) \(4x^2-25y^2-6x+15y\)
\(=\left(2x\right)^2-\left(5y\right)^2-3\left(2x-5y\right)\)
\(=\left(2x-5y\right)\left(2x+5y\right)-3\left(2x-5y\right)\)
\(=\left(2x-5y\right)\left(2x+5y-3\right)\)
a, \(x\left(y+z\right)^2+y\left(x+z\right)^2+z\left(x+y\right)^2+4xyz\)
\(=x\left(y+z\right)^2+x^2\left(y+z\right)+yz\left(y+z\right)\)
\(=\left(y+z\right)\left(xy+xz+z^2+yz\right)\)
\(=\left(y+z\right)\left[x\left(x+y\right)+z\left(x+y\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
b, \(yz\left(y+z\right)+xz\left(z-x\right)-xy\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=yz\left(y+z\right)+xz^2-x^2z-x^2y-xy^2\)
\(=yz\left(y+z\right)-x\left(y+z\right)\left(y-z\right)-x^2\left(y+z\right)\)
\(=\left(y+z\right)\left(yz-xy+xz-x^2\right)\)
\(=\left(y+z\right)\left[y\left(z-x\right)+x\left(z-x\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)\left(z-x\right)\)
4x2 -6x= 2x(2x-3)
b) 3x3 -6x2y -24xy + 12x2 = \(3x\left(x^2-2xy-8y+4x\right)\)
c) x2 -25 + y2 + 2xy\(=x^2+2xy+y^2-25\)\(=\left(x+y\right)^2-5^2\)
=>\(\left(x+y+5\right)\left(x+y-5\right)\)
\(a,x^2+6x+9\)
\(=x^2+3x+3x+9\)
\(=\left(x^2+3x\right)+\left(3x+9\right)\)
\(=x.\left(x+3\right)+3.\left(x+3\right)\)
\(=\left(x+3\right).\left(x+3\right)\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)^2\)
\(b,10x-25-x^2\)
\(=-\left(x^2-2.5.x+5^2\right)\)
\(=-\left(x-5\right)^2\)
\(c,x^2+4x-y^2+4\)
\(=\left(x^2+2.2.x+2^2\right)-y^2\)
\(=\left(x+2\right)^2-y^2\)
\(=\left(x+2-y\right).\left(x+2+y\right)\)
\(d,3x^2+6xy+3y^2-3z^2\)
\(=3.[\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)-z^2]\)
\(=3.[\left(x+y\right)^2-z^2]\)
\(=3.\left(x+y-z\right)\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(e,x^2-2xy+y^2-z^2+2zt-t^2\)
\(=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-\left(z^2-2zt+t^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2-\left(z-t\right)^2\)
\(=[\left(x-y\right)-\left(z-t\right)].[\left(x-y\right)+\left(z-t\right)]\)
\(=\left(x-y-z+t\right).\left(x-y+z-t\right)\)
a) 2xy + 3zy + 6y + xz
= (2xy + 6y) + (xz + 3zy)
= 2y(x + 3y) + z(x + 3y)
= (x + 3y)(2y + z)
b) x2 - 10x + 25
= x2 - 2.x.5 + 52
= (x - 5)2
c) x2 + 6x + 9 - y2
= x2 + 2.x.3 + 32 - y2
= (x - 3)2 - y2
= (x - 3 - y)(x - 3 + y)
d) x3 - 4x2 - xy2 + 4x
= x(x2 - 4x + 4 - y2)
= x[(x - 2)2 - y2]
= x(x - 2 - y)(x - 2 + y)