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a) x2 + 6x + 9 = x2 + 2 . x . 3 + 32 = (x + 3)2
b) 10x – 25 – x2 = -(-10x + 25 +x2) = -(25 – 10x + x2)
= -(52 – 2 . 5 . x – x2) = -(5 – x)2
c) 8x3 - 1/8 = (2x)3 – (1/2)3 = (2x - 1/2)[(2x)2 + 2x . 12 + (1/2)2]
= (2x - 1/2)(4x2 + x + 1/4)
d)1/25x2 – 64y2 = (1/5x)2(1/5x)2- (8y)2 = (1/5x + 8y)(1/5x - 8y)
1.a) 2x4-4x3+2x2
=2x2(x2-2x+1)
=2x2(x-1)2
b) 2x2-2xy+5x-5y
=2x(x-y)+5(x-y)
=(2x+5)(x-y)
2.
a) 4x(x-3)-x+3=0
=>4x(x-3)-(x-3)=0
=>(4x-1)(x-3)=0
=> 2 TH:
*4x-1=0 *x-3=0
=>4x=0+1 =>x=0+3
=>4x=1 =>x=3
=>x=1/4
vậy x=1/4 hoặc x=3
b) (2x-3)^2-(x+1)^2=0
=> (2x-3-x-1).(2x-3+x+1)=0
=>(x-4).(3x-2)=0
=> 2 TH
*x-4=0
=> x=0+4
=> x=4
*3x-2=0
=>3x=0-2
=>3x=-2
=>x=-2/3
vậy x=4 hoặc x=-2/3
a) \(9x^2-12x+4\)
\(=9x^2-6x-6x+4\)
\(=3x\left(3x-2\right)-2\left(3x-2\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-2\right)^2\)
b) \(2xy+16-x^2-y^2\)
\(=-\left(x^2-2xy+y^2-16\right)\)
\(=-\left(x-y\right)^2+16\)
\(=\left(4-x+y\right)\left(4+x-y\right)\)
c) \(3x+2x^2-2\)
\(=2x^2+4x-x-2\)
\(=2x\left(x+2\right)-\left(x+2\right)=\left(x+2\right)\left(2x-1\right)\)
Bài 7: Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử
a) Ta có: \(a^2-b^2-2a+2b\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)-2\left(a-b\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b-2\right)\)
b) Ta có: \(3x-3y-5x\left(y-x\right)\)
\(=3\left(x-y\right)+5x\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(3+5x\right)\)
c) Ta có: \(16-x^2+4xy-4y^2\)
\(=16-\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)\)
\(=16-\left(x-2y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(4-x+2y\right)\left(4+x-2y\right)\)
d) Ta có: \(\left(x-y+4\right)^2-\left(2x+3y-1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-y+4-2x-3y+1\right)\left(x-y+4+2x+3y-1\right)\)
\(=\left(5-x-4y\right)\left(3x+2y+3\right)\)
e) Ta có: \(x^4+x^3+2x^2+x+1\)
\(=\left(x^4+2x^2+1\right)+\left(x^3+x\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+1\right)^2+x\left(x^2+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^2+1+x\right)\)
f) Ta có: \(\left(x+3\right)^3+\left(x-3\right)^3\)
\(=\left(x+3+x-3\right)\left[\left(x+3\right)^2-\left(x+3\right)\left(x-3\right)+\left(x-3\right)^2\right]\)
\(=2x\cdot\left[x^2+6x+9-\left(x^2-9\right)+x^2-6x+9\right]\)
\(=2x\cdot\left(2x^2+18-x^2+9\right)\)
\(=2x\cdot\left(x^2+27\right)\)
g) Ta có: \(9x^2-3xy+y-6x+1\)
\(=\left(9x^2-6x+1\right)-y\left(3x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-1\right)^2-y\left(3x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-1\right)\left(3x-1-y\right)\)
h) Ta có: \(x^3-4x^2+12x-27\)
\(=x^3-3x^2-x^2+3x+9x-27\)
\(=x^2\left(x-3\right)-x\left(x-3\right)+9\left(x-3\right)\)
\(=\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2-x+9\right)\)
a) \(3x\left(x+1\right)^2-5x^2\left(x+1\right)+7\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left[3x\left(x+1\right)-5x^2+7\right]\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(3x^2+3x-5x^2+7\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(-2x^2+3x+7\right)\)
\(=-\left(x+1\right)\left(2x^2-3x-7\right)\)
b) \(\left(x+y\right)\left(2x-y\right)-\left(3x-y\right)\left(y-2x\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(2x-y\right)+\left(3x-y\right)\left(2x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(2x-y\right)\left(x+y+3x-y\right)\)
\(=4x\left(2x-y\right)\)
c) \(5u\left(u-v\right)^2+10u^2\left(v-u\right)^2\)
\(=5u\left(u-v\right)^2+10u^2\left(u-v\right)^2\)
\(=5u\left(u-v\right)^2\left(1+2u\right)\)
Trả lời:
a, 3x ( x + 1 )2 - 5x2 ( x + 1 ) + 7 ( x + 1 )
= ( x + 1 )[ 3x ( x + 1 ) - 5x2 + 7 ]
= ( x + 1 )( 3x2 + 3x - 5x2 + 7 )
= ( x + 1 )( - 2x2 + 3x + 7 )
b, ( x + y )( 2x - y ) - ( 3x - y )( y - 2x )
= ( x + y )( 2x - y ) + ( 3x - y )( 2x - y )
= ( 2x - y )( x + y + 3x - y )
= 4x ( 2x - y )
c, 5u ( u - v )2 + 10u2 ( v - u )2
= 5u ( u - v )2 + 10u2 ( u - v )2
= 5u ( u - v )2( 1 + 2u )
\(1,3x-24y=3\left(x-8y\right)\)
\(2,6x^3y^2-12x^2y^2-3x^2y=3x^2y\left(2xy-4y-1\right)\)
\(3,7x\left(x-2\right)-8\left(x-2\right)=\left(x-2\right)\left(7x-8\right)\)
...(tương tự)
\(10,5x-5y+x^2-xy=5\left(x-y\right)+x\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+5\right)\)
\(11,x^2+2xy+y^2-16=\left(x+y\right)^2-16=\left(x+y-4\right)\left(x+y+4\right)\)
1, 2x2 - 8xy - 5x + 20y
= (2x2 - 5x) - (8xy - 20y)
= x(2x - 5) - 4y(2x - 5)
= (2x - 5) (x - 4y)
2, x3 - x2y - xy + y2
= (x3 - xy) - (x2y - y2)
= x(x2 - y) - y(x2 - y)
= (x2 - y) (x - y)
3, x2 - 2xy - 4z2 + y2
= (x2 - 2xy + y2) - 4z2
= (x - y)2 - (2z)2
= (x - y - 2z) (x - y + 2z)
4, a3 + a2b - a2c - abc
= (a3 - a2c) + (a2b - abc)
= a2(a - c) + ab(a - c)
= (a - c) (a2 + ab)
5, x3 + y3 + 3x2y + 3xy2 - x - y
= (x3 + 3x2y + 3xy2 + y3) - (x + y)
= (x + y) 3 - (x + y)
= (x + y) [(x + y)2 - 1]
= (x + y) (x + y - 1) (x + y + 1)
a,x(x+y)-5x-5y
=x(x+y)-5(x+y)
=(x+y)(x-5)
b,3x-5y-6ax+10ay
=(3x-6ax)-(5y-10ay)
=3x(1-2a)-5y(1-2a)
=(1-2a)(3x-5y)
c,a2-6a-b2+6b
=(a2-b2)-(6a-6b)
=(a-b)(a+b)-6(a-b)
=(a-b)(a+b-6)
d,100a2-20a-2b-b2
=(100a2-b2)-(20a+2b)
=(10a-b)(10a+b)-2(10a+b)
=(10a+b)(10a-b-2)
e,36x2-12x+1-b2
=(36x2-12x+1)-b2
=(6x-1)2-b2
=(6x-1-b)(6x-1+b)
f,x2-z2+y2-2xy
=(x2-2xy+y2)-z2
=(x-y)2-z2
=(x-y-z)(x-y+z)