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Đây nhé^^
`(1)`
Gọi ct chung: \(\text{Al}_{\text{x}}\text{O}_{\text{y}}\)
`@` Theo quy tắc hóa trị: `III*x=y*II -> x/y=(II)/(III)`
`-> \text {x=2, y=3}`
`->`\(\text{CTHH: Al}_2\text{O}_3\)
\(\text{KLPT = }27\cdot2+16\cdot3=102\text{ }< \text{amu}>\)
`(2)`
Gọi ct chung: \(\text{Mg}_{\text{x}}\text{(OH)}_{\text{y}}\)
`@` Theo quy tắc hóa trị: `II*x=I*y -> x/y=I/(II)`
`-> \text {x = 1, y = 2}`
`->`\(\text{CTHH: Mg(OH)}_2\)
\(\text{KLNT = }24+\left(16+1\right)\cdot2=58\text{ }< \text{amu}>.\)
\(Đặt:Al_a^{III}O_b^{II}\left(a,b:nguyên,dương\right)\\ QT.hoá.trị:a.III=II.b\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{II}{III}=\dfrac{2}{3}\Rightarrow a=2;b=3\\ CTTQ:Al_2O_3\\ m_{Al_2O_3}=2.27+3.16=102\left(đ.v.C\right)\)
\(a,CTHH:KCl\) , \(\text{K.L.P.T}=39+35,5=74,5< amu>.\)
\(CTHH:BaS\) , \(\text{K.L.P.T}=137+32=169< amu>.\)
\(CTHH:Al_2O_3\) , \(\text{K.L.P.T}=27.2+16.3=102< amu>.\)
\(b,CTHH:K_2SO_4\) , \(\text{K.L.P.T}=39.2+32+16.4=174< amu>.\)
\(CTHH:Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\), \(\text{K.L.P.T}=27.2+\left(32+16.4\right).3=342< amu>.\)
\(CTHH:MgCO_3\), \(\text{K.L.P.T}=24+12+16.3=84< amu>.\)
Gọi ct chung: \(\text{S}_{\text{x}}\text{O}_{\text{y}}\)
\(\text{PTK = }32\cdot\text{x}+16\cdot\text{y}=64\text{ }< \text{amu}>\)
\(\%\text{S}=\dfrac{32\cdot\text{x}\cdot100}{64}=50\%\)
`-> 32*\text {x}*100 = 50*64`
`-> 32*\text {x}*100=3200`
`-> 32\text {x}=32`
`-> \text {x}=1`
Vậy, số nguyên tử `\text {S}` trong phân tử `\text {S}_\text {x} \text {O}_\text {y}` là `1`
\(\%\text{O}=\dfrac{16\cdot\text{y}\cdot100}{64}=50\%\)
`-> \text {y = 2 (tương tự ngtử S)}`
Vậy, số nguyên tử `\text {O}` trong phân tử `\text {S}_\text {x} \text {O}_\text {y}` là `2`
`=> \text {CTHH: SO}_2.`
`@` `\text {dnammv}`
`1,`
`a,` Gọi ct chung: \(\text{C}^{\text{IV}}_x\text{O}^{\text{II}}_{\text{y}}\)
Theo qui tắc hóa trị: \(\text{IV}\cdot\text{x}=\text{II}\cdot\text{y}\rightarrow\dfrac{\text{x}}{\text{y}}=\dfrac{\text{II}}{\text{IV}}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
`-> \text {x=1, y=2}`
`-> \text {CTHH: CO}_2`
\(\text{PTK}_{\text{CO}_2}=12+16\cdot2=44\text{ }< \text{amu}>\)
`b,`
Gọi ct chung: \(\text{Na}^{\text{I}}_{\text{x}}\left(\text{SO}_4\right)^{\text{II}}_{\text{y}}\)
Theo qui tắc hóa trị: \(\text{I}\cdot\text{x}=\text{II}\cdot\text{y}\rightarrow\dfrac{\text{x}}{\text{y}}=\text{ }\dfrac{\text{II}}{\text{I}}\)
`-> \text {x=2, y=1}`
`-> \text {CTHH: Na}_2 \text {SO}_4`
`a,` Gọi ct chung:\(S_x^{VI}O_y^{II}\)
Theo qui tắc hóa trị: `VI.x=y.II => x/y =` \(\dfrac{II}{VI}\)`= 1/3`
`-> x=1 ; y=3`
`-> CTHH: SO_3`
`b,` Gọi ct chung: \(Al^{III}_x\left(SO_4\right)^{II}_y\)
Theo qui tắc hóa trị: `III.x=y.II => x/y =` \(\dfrac{II}{III}\)` = 2/3`
`-> x=2 ; y=3`
`-> CTHH: Al_2 (SO_4)_3`
`c,` Gọi ct chung: \(Mg^{II}_x\left(CO_3\right)^{II}_y\)
Theo qui tắc hóa trị: `II.x=y.II => x/y =` \(\dfrac{II}{II}\) `= 1`
`-> x=1 ; y=1`
`-> CTHH: MgCO_3`
`a,` Gọi ct chung: `C_xS_y`
Theo qui tắc hóa trị: `IV.x = II.y = x/y =`\(\dfrac{II}{IV}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
`-> x=1 , y=2`
`-> CTHH: CS_2`
`b,` Gọi ct chung: `Mg_xO_y`
Theo qui tắc hóa trị: `II.x = II.y = x/y =`\(\dfrac{II}{II}=\dfrac{1}{1}\)
`-> x=1 , y=1`
`-> CTHH: MgO`
`c,` Gọi ct chung: `Al_xBr_y`
Theo qui tắc hóa trị: `III.x = I.y = x/y =`\(\dfrac{I}{III}\)
`-> x=1 , y=3`
`-> CTHH: AlBr_3`
