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\(a) Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2\\ b) n_{H_2} = n_{Zn} = \dfrac{6,5}{65} = 0,1(mol)\\ V_{H_2} = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24(lít)\\ c) n_{Fe_2O_3} = \dfrac{3,2}{160} = 0,02(mol)\\ Fe_2O_3 + 3H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Fe + 3H_2O\\ 3n_{Fe_2O_3} = 0,02.3 = 0,06 < n_{H_2} = 0,1 \to H_2\ dư\)
Vậy lượng sắt III oxit trên phản ứng hết với lượng hidro sinh ra.
a) PTPƯ: Zn + 2 HCl → Zn\(_{ }Cl_2\) + \(_{_{ }}H_2\)
\(_{ }n_{Zn}\) = \(\dfrac{6,5}{65}\) = 0,1 ( mol)
Theo PTPƯ: để có 1 mol \(_{_{ }}H_2\) cần 1 mol Zn
⇒ có 0,1 mol Zn sẽ tạo ra 0,1 mol \(_{_{ }}H_2\)
\(_{ }V_{H_2}\) = n. 22,4 = 0,1 . 22,4 = 2,24 ( l)
c)
PTPƯ: 3 \(_{ }H_2\) + \(_{ }Fe_2O_3\) → 3 \(_{ }H_2O\) + 2Fe
tỉ lệ: 3 : 1 : 3 : 2
Số mol: 0,1 : \(\dfrac{1}{30}\)
\(_{ }m_{Fe_2O_3}\) = \(\dfrac{1}{30}\) . 160 = 5,3 ( g)
PTHH: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)
a+b) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{22,4}{56}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,2\cdot160=32\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,6\cdot22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) PTHH: \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,6\cdot65=39\left(g\right)\)
a,
nFe = 22,4/56 = 0,4 (mol)
PTHH
Fe2O3 + 3H2 ---to----) 2Fe + 3H2O (1)
theo phương trình (1) ,ta có:
nFe2O3 = 0,4 x 2 / 1 = 0,8 (mol)
mFe2O3 = 160 x 0,8 = 128 (g)
b,
theo pt (1)
nH2 = (0,4 x 3)/2 = 0,6 (mol)
=) VH2 = 0,6 x 22,4 = 13,44 (L)
c,
PTHH
Zn + H2SO4 -------------) ZnSO4 + H2 (2)
Số mol H2 cần dùng là 0,6 (mol)
Theo PT (2) :
nZn = nH2 ==) nZn = 0,6 x 65 = 39 (g)
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{32}{160}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\\ Mol:0,2\rightarrow0,6\rightarrow0,4\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,4.56=22,4\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,6.22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,4}{32}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\\ LTL:\dfrac{0,6}{2}>0,2\rightarrow O_2.dư\\ n_{H_2\left(Pư\right)}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ \rightarrow m_{H_2\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,6-0,4\right).2=0,4\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{33.6}{56}=0.6\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}2Fe+3H_2O\)
\(0.3..........0.9......0.6\)
\(m_{Fe_2O_3}=0.3\cdot160=48\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.9\cdot22.4=20.16\left(l\right)\)
a, \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)
b, \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{22,4}{56}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,2.160=32\left(g\right)\)
c, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Fe}=0,6\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,6.22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\)
d, \(2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{kk}=\dfrac{V_{O_2}}{20\%}=33,6\left(l\right)\)
a)
$Fe_2O_3 + 3H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Fe + 3H_2O$
b) $n_{Fe} = \dfrac{22,4}{56} = 0,4(mol)$
Theo PTHH : $n_{Fe_2O_3} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe} = 0,2(mol)$
$m_{Fe_2O_3} = 0,2.160 = 32(gam)$
c) $n_{H_2} = \dfrac{3}{2}n_{Fe} = 0,6(mol)$
$V_{H_2} = 0,6.22,4 = 13,44(lít)$
d) $2H_2 + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2H_2O$
$V_{O_2} = \dfrac{1}{2}V_{H_2} = 6,72(lít)$
$V_{kk} = 6,72 : 20\% = 33,6(lít)$
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{32}{160}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^o}}}2Fe+3H_2O\)
\(0.2........0.6........0.4........0.6\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.6\cdot22.4=13.44\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{Fe}=0.4\cdot56=22.4\left(g\right)\)
Số phân tử H2O là : \(0.6\cdot6\cdot10^{23}=3.6\cdot10^{23}\left(pt\right)\)
a. \(PTHH:3H_2+Fe_2O_3\rightarrow2Fe+3H_2O\)
b. \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{m_{Fe_2O_3}}{M_{Fe_2O_3}}=\dfrac{40}{160}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
- Mol theo PTHH : \(3:1:2:3\)
- Mol theo phản ứng : \(0,75\leftarrow0,25\rightarrow0,5\rightarrow0,75\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Fe}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=n_{Fe}.M_{Fe}=0,5.56=28\left(g\right)\)
c. Ta có : \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,25\left(mol\right);n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Do \(0,25< 0,3\) ⇒ H2 dư.
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{40}{56\cdot2+16\cdot3}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Fe_2O_3+3H_2-^{t^o}>2Fe+3H_2O\)
n(mol) 0,25->0,75-------->0,5---->0,75
\(m_{Fe}=n\cdot M=0,5\cdot56=28\left(g\right)\\ V_{H_2\left(dktc\right)}=n\cdot22,4=0,75\cdot22,4=16,8\left(g\right)\)