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1. This plane could get over the mountain if it rose to 10000 feet . This means it ........... over the mountain
a: would succeed in getting b. got c. was able to get d. had got
2: The plane was then able to rise . This means it ........
a. could rise b. might rise c. might succeed in rising d. rose
3. Byrd knew that he would be able to reach the South Pole . It would be ...........
a. impossible b. necessary c. able d. possible
4. He ought not .... him but he did
a. to tell b. to telling c. tell d. to have told
5. I'd rather you .......... that
a.do b. don't do c. won't do d. didn't
6. ............... run so fast ? a. dose he need b. need he to c. need he d. needs he
7. He didn't need ........... out of his room in Moscow .
a. go b. to going c. going d. to go
8.I could not ... it even thought i had wanted to do so
a. had bought b. buy c. buying d. have bought
9. I left my pen this box , but it isn't there now . Someone ....... it
a. must have taken b. must take c. had to take d. had taken
10. Marry received 100 dolars from her sister . she.......... the ring she she wanted . It only cocts 10 dollars
a. buys b. had bought c. bought d. might have bought
11. It lost my honda last week . I hadn't locked it . You ....... it
a. should lock b. should have locked c. ought to lock d. could lock
12. In 1900 the word had no deaths from rabies . Scientists ........ wonderful vaccine .
a. has discovered b. discovered c. must have discovered d. should have discover
1.because the weather is warm and damp,rice grows very well here
=> If the weather weren't warm and damp, rice wouldn't grow very well here
2.I didn't have an umbrella with me,so i got wet
=> If I had had an umbrella with me, I wouln't have got wet
3.Our heating isn't working and I feel cold
=> If our heating were working, i wouldn't feel cold
4.I didn't go to school on time this morning because the bus was late
=> If the bus hadn't been late, I would have gone to school on time this morning
5.I couldn't get in touch because you didn't tell me where you were
=> If you had told me where you were, I could have got in touch
6.You fell bad because you didn't apologize to her last night
=> If you had apologized to her last night, you wouldn't have felt bad
7.In my opinion,you should go and see that film
=> If I were you, I would go and see that film
8.Go to Britian and you will be able to speak English all day long
=> If you go to Britian, you will be able to speak E all day long
9.I used the dictionary.Otherwise,I wouldn't have known the answers
=> If I hadn't used the dictionary, I wouldn't have known the answers
10.I could have visited my grandparents but I didn't have time
=> If I had had have time, I could have visited my grandparents
EXERCISE 1:REPLACE THE UNDERLINED CLAUSES BY A INFINDITIVE OR INFINITIVE PHRASE
1.I don't like him playing in the street.I wish we had a garden that he clould play in.=>for him to play in
2.He simply loves parties.he is always the first who comes and the last who leaves.=>to come/ to leave
3.the last person who leaves the room must turn off the light.
=>to leave the room must turn off the lights
4.the first man who was intervieswed was entirely unsuitable
=>to be interviewed
5.I've got a bottle of wine but I haven't got anything that I could open it with
=>To open it with
EXERCISE 2: USE REDUCED RELATIVE CLAUSES IN PLACE OF THE RELATIVE CLAUSES
1.we had a river in which we could swim
=>We had a river to swim.
2.Here are some accounts that you must check
=>Here are some accounts for you to check
3.the last student that was interviewed was tom
=>The last student to be interviewed was Tom.
4.we visited hanoi.which is the capital of vietnam
=>We visited Hanoi, the capital of VN.
5.my father.who is pilot.often goes abroad
=>My father, a pilot, often goes abroad.
6.I was the only one who realized him
=> I was the only one to realize him.
7.I have some homework which I must do tonight
=> I have some homework to do tonight.
8.Our solar system is in a galaxy that is called the milky way
=>Our solar system is in a galaxy called the Milky Way.
9.I was awakened by the sound of a laughter which came from the room which was next to mine at the motel
=>I was awakened by the sound of a laughter coming from the room next to mine at the hotel.
10.there are six reports which have to be typed today
=>There are six reports to be typed today.
1.Do you know where my tennis racket ,mum?
=> She asked Mum if she knew where her tennis racket.
2.Our house is going to be painted by a firm.
=>We are going to have our house painted by a firm.
3. I'm really sorry I didn't invite her to the party.
=>I really wish I had invited her to the party.
4. we couldn't drive because of the fog.
=> The fog prevented us from driving .
5.I would love to be rich and famous.
=> If only I were rich and famous.
6.I haven't been to see them for over a year.
=> It's over a year since I saw them..
7. Although he was not guilty, they executed him
=> In spite of his not being guilty, they excuted him
.8 He shouldn't ask for a pay rise anymore.
=> If I were he, I wouldn't ask for a pay rise anymore
9. If he comes, tell him I'll be late
=>Should he come, tell him I'll be late.
10. We didn't go to the concert last night because of business
=> If it had not been for business,we would have gone to the concert last night.
11. The foreigner spoke too fast for us to understand.
=> If The foreigner hadn't spoken too fast ,we would have understood.
12 .She doesn't speak English well enough to get the job.
=> If she spoke English well, She coud get the job.
13 .Thanks to computer, it takes me a little time to do the work.
=> Without computer, I wouldn't have done the work
14 Without your help, I couldn't have finished the report on time
=> If you hadn't helped me, I couldn't have finished the report on time.
15 I dislike it when people criticize me unfairly.
=> I object to being criticized unfairly.
16 If only I had studied hard enough to pass the exam.
=> He regretted not having hard enough to pass the exam.
17 The heavy rain made it impossible for us to have our picnic.
=> We were unable to have our picnic because of the heavy rain.
18 " I'll have enough for a ticket if he pays me, tonight" She said
=> She said that she would have enough for a ticket if he pays her that night
19 " I'd phone her before I come if I were in your position?''
=> He said If he were in my position, He woud phone her before I came.
20 The secretary said " Sorry I never work on Sunday"
=>The secretary sorried for not working on Sunday
21 "I will bring you some food" He said to me
=> He said to me that he would bring me some food.
22" What a beautiful dress you have, mary" Peter said
=> Peter paid Mary a compliment on her (beautiful) dress.
23 " I wished I hadn't lent him some money"
=>Peter regretted having lent him some money.
24 " You've just got a promotion, haven't you. Congratulations"
=>Peter congratulated me on getting a promotion.
.25 You can avoid tooth decay by brushing your teeth regularly.
=>Brushing your teeth regularly can prevent you from tooth decay
26 We don't visit our parents very often because thay live so far away.
=>If our parents didn't live so far away, we would visit them very often.
27 The cat doesn't run fast enough to catch the mouse.
=>If The cat ran fast enough, it could catch the mouse.
28.You must stop smoking or you'll have a cough
=> Unless you stop smoking,you will have a cough.
29 You'll have an accident if you don't driver more carefully.
=>Unless you drive more carefully, you will have an accident.
30 You can have a good time by joining us
=>If you join us, you can have a good time.
31 Hurry up or you'll miss the 1st bus to work.
=> Unless you hurry up, you will miss the 1 st to work.
32 If you don't pay me back the money you take, i will tell the police.
=>Pay me back the money you take or I will tell the police
Rewrite sentences
1.I don't ride the bus to school every morning because it's always so crowded (If)
=> I would take the bus to school every morning if it weren't always so crowded.
2.The schoolchildren sowed some seeds, but they forgot to water them so they didn't grow (If)
=> If the schoolchildren hadn't forgotten to water the seeds, they would have grown.
3.Stop talking or you won't understand the lesson (If)
=> If you don't stop talking, you won't understand the lesson.
4.The wind is blowing hard, so we won't take the boat out for a ride (If)
=> If the wind weren't blowing hard, we would take the boat out for a ride.
5.Carol didn't answer the phone because she was studying (If)
=> If Carol hadn't been studying she would have answered the phone.
6.I feel better now because you talked to me about my problems yesterday (If)
=> I wouldn't feel better now if you hadn't talked to me about my problems yesterday.
7.Because I don't have enough free time,I can't help my mother with the housework(If)
=> If I had more free time I could help my mother with the housework.
8.Rita is exhausted today because she didn't get any last night (If)
=> Rita wouldn't be exhausted today if she had gotten some sleep last night.
9.I didn't prepare for today's lesson: So it is difficult for me to understand the teacher's explanation (If)
=> It wouldn't be difficult for me to understand the teacher's explanation if I had prepared for today's lesson.
10.'If I had any money I'd buy you a drink,' she said to me (reported speech)
=> She told me if she had had some money she would have bought me a drink.
11.'If I catch the plane I'll be home by five,'he said(reported speech)
=> He said if he caught the plane he would be home by five.
12.'You should stay in bed if you feel unwell,'my mother said (reported speech)
=> My mother advised me to stay in bed if I felt unwell.
13.'What would you do if you were having a problem with grammar,Jane?' Anne asked (reported speech)
=> Anne asked Jane what she would do if she were having a problem with grammar.
14.'I'd have been in bad trouble if Jane hadn't helped me,' he said (reported speech)
=> He said he would have been in bad trouble if Jane hadn't helped him.
15.I met her during my stay in Parist last summer (while)
=> While I was on holiday in Paris last summer, I met her.
16.MacKenzie wrote four best-sellers before he was twenty (By the age)
=> By the age of twenty, MacKenzie had written four best sellers.
17.He was crossing the road.I caught sight of him
=> I noticed him crossing the road.
18.Jimmy got into his car and drove away.I saw this
=> I saw Jim getting into his car and drove away.
19.They had a good meal and then went to dance
=> After they had had a good meal, they went to dance.
1. Would you like to go for a walk in the park this afternoon? (for-at/for-in/to-at)
2. My children are important to me. (for/to/with/by)
3. He is different from his brother (from/between/to/with)
4. My sister is interested in reading novels (at/to/in/with)
5. This car belongs with my mother (with/in/on/to)
6. She likes going for a picnic on foot. (for-in/for-on/to-by/to-on)
7. Mary is fond (to/with/about/of) music.
25 Many pupils are bad at English. (at/in/for/with)
8. I came on Monday at 10 o'clock in .the morning. (in-at-in/on-in-at/on-at-in)
9. He walked into the room on which we were sitting (in-in/into-in/into-on/in-on)
10. We were classmates. She sat next to me . (beside/next to/in/on)
11. It is necessary to learn English now. (for/to/in/with)
12. Eating a lot of fruits is good for your health. (to/with/in/for)
13. Dalat is famous for flowers (to/for/with/by)
14. She only likes sitting by a fire in winter. (in-in/on-in/by-in/by-on)
15. My son is good at all sports,but he is bad .at cooking. (at-in/in-at/at-at/with-at)
16. Wine is made from grapes. (to/with/in/from)
35.This table is made from wood.(from/of/in/to)
17. I don't agree with you at all about that. (to/with/for/of)
18. I like to go for holiday on the beach in summer. (to-on-in/in-on-on/for-on-in)
19. Wait for me in a few minutes.I'm busy at the momemt . (to-in-at/for-in-at/of-for-in/for-for-at)
20. I paid $ 5 for this books (to/for/bu/with)
21. I shall meet you at the corner on the street.
22. It never snows at Christmas
23. My birthday is in May 5 th
24. He always goes on time for the class.
25. Please write your name on the top of the page.
26. The room was full of. people
27. I would like to be independent of everyone
28. I'm tired of waiting for her
29. This country is rich in oil
30. My cat is fond of fish
31. Elvis Presley grew in poor home
32. He had fallen in love with her when they were in school
33. Children like swimming in the water in summer
34. She isn't in the room. She is in the garden
35.He was standing in the middle of the room when I came
36. We get a lot of rain in November
37. I can't see you on Monday,I can see you at weekends