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Gọi nNa2CO3 = x (mol)
Na2CO3 + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) 2NaCl + H2O + CO2
x \(\rightarrow\) 2x \(\rightarrow\) 2 x (mol)
C%(NaCl) = \(\frac{2.58,5x}{200+120}\) . 100% = 20%
=> x =0,547 (mol)
mNa2CO3 = 0,547 . 106 = 57,982 (g)
mHCl = 2 . 0,547 . 36,5 =39,931 (g)
C%(Na2CO3) =\(\frac{57,892}{200}\) . 100% = 28,946%
C%(HCl) = \(\frac{39,931}{120}\) . 100% = 33,28%
CH3COOH + Mg ---> CH3COOMg + 1/2H2
(mol) 0,026 0,026 0,013
a) nCH3COOMg = 2,13 : 83 = 0,026 mol
=> C\(_M\)CH3COOH = 0,026 : 0,02 = 1,3 M
b) V\(_{H2}\)= 0,013 . 22,4 = 0,2912(lit)
c) CH3COOH + NaOH ----> CH3COONa + H2O
PTHH: \(Na_2O\) + \(H_2O\) ----->2NAOH
a. \(m_{_{ }ddNaOH}\) = \(m_{H_2O}\) = 187,6g
ACDT: \(m_{ct}\) = \(\frac{m_{dd}.C\%}{100}\) => \(m_{NaOH}\) = \(\frac{187,6.8}{100}\) = 15,008g
b. PTHH: \(NaOH\) + \(HNO_3\) ----> \(NaNO_3\) + \(H_2O\)
ADCT: \(m_{ct}=\frac{m_{dd}.C\%}{100}\) ---> \(m_{HNO_3}\) = \(\frac{187,6.15}{100}\) = 28,14(g)
=> \(n_{HNO_3}\) = \(\frac{28,14}{63}\) = 0,4(mol)
Theo PT: \(n_{NANO_3}\) = \(n_{HNO_3}\) =0,4 (mol)
=> \(m_{NaNO_3}=\) 0,4 x 85 = 34(g)
\(C\%_{NaNO_3}\) = \(\frac{34}{187,6}\)x100% = 18,2%
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Câu a bổ sung bạn nhé!!!!!
\(n_{NaOH}=\frac{15,008}{40}=0,3752\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Na_2O}=2n_{NaOH}=2.0,3752=0,7504\left(mol\right)\)
ADCT: m = n.M => \(m_{Na_2O}\) = 0.7504.62 = 46.5248 (g)
1.
\(PTHH:2CH_3COOH+Mg\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Mg+H_2\)
\(n_{Mg}=\frac{7,2}{24}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{CH3COOH}=\frac{120.20}{100}=24\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{CH3COOH}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT:
\(n_{\left(CH3COO\right)2Mg}=\frac{1}{2}n_{CH3COOH}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{\left(CH3COO\right)2Mg}=28,4\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{dd_{spu}}=7,2+120-0,4=126,8\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{CH3COOMg}=22,3\%\)
2.
\(PTHH:CH_3COOH+NaOH\rightarrow CH_3COONa+H_2O\)
Ta có :
\(m_{CH3COH}=\frac{15.120}{100}=18\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{CH3COOH}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{NaOH}=\frac{20.100}{100}=20g\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT thì NaOH dư
\(n_{CH3COONa}=n_{CH3COOH}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CH3COONa}=24,6\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{dd\left(spu\right)}=120+100=220\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{CH3COONa}=11,2\%\)
3.
\(n_{CaO}=\frac{14}{56}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{CH3COOH}=\frac{200.18}{100}=36\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{CH3COOH}=\frac{36}{60}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:2CH_3COOH+CaO\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Ca+H_2O\)
Lập tỉ lệ: \(\frac{0,25}{1}< \frac{0,6}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) CaO hết. CH3COOH dư
\(n_{CH3COOH_{dư}}=0,6-0,25.2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{dd\left(thu.duoc\right)}=14+200=214\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{\left(CH3COO\right)2Na}=\frac{0,25.158}{214}.100\%=18,46\%\)
\(C\%_{CH3COOH_{dư}}=\frac{0,1.60}{214}.100\%=2,8\%\)
4.
\(m_{Na2CO3}=\frac{42,4.10}{100}=4,24\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Na2CO3}=\frac{4,24}{106}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{CO2}=\frac{0,448}{22,4}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:2CH_2COOH+Na_2CO_3\rightarrow2CH_3COONa+H_2O+CO_2\)
_______0,04 ___________ 0,02 ____________ 0,04 __________ 0,02
Sau phản ứng Na2CO3 dư.
\(n_{Na2CO3_{dư}}=0,04-0,02=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{dd\left(CH3COOH\right)}=\frac{2,4.100}{5}.100\%=48\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{dd\left(Spu\right)}=m_{dd\left(Na2CO3\right)}+m_{dd_{Axit}}-m_{CO2}\)
\(=42,4+48-0,02.44=89,52\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{CH3COOH}=0,04.60=2,4\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{Na2CO3\left(dư\right)}=\frac{0,02.106}{89,52}.100\%=2,37\%\)
\(C\%_{CH3COONa}=\frac{0,04.82}{89,52}.100\%=3,66\%\)
mCH3COOH = 12g
nCH3COOH = 0.2 mol
CH3COOH + NaHCO3 --> CH3COONa + CO2 + H2O
0.2____________0.2___________0.2_______0.2
mNaHCO3 = 16.8 g
mdd NaHCO3 = 200 g
mCH3COONa = 16.4 g
mCO2 = 8.8 g
mdd sau phản ứng = 100 + 200 - 8.8 = 291.2 g
C%CH3COONa = 16.4/291.2*100% = 5.63%
PTHH.
CH3COOH + NaHCO3 -> CH3COONa + CO2 + H2O
0,2....................0,2..................0,2...............0,2.........0,2 (mol)
Theo bài:
mCH3COOH = \(\frac{100.12}{100}\)= 12 g
=> nCH3COOH = 12/60 = 0,2
Theo pthh và bài có:
nNaHCO3 = nCH3COOH = 0,2 mol
=> mNaHCO3 = 0,2 . 84 = 16,8 g
mddNaHCO3=\(\frac{16,8.100}{8,4}=200\left(g\right)\)
+nCH3COONa = nCH3COOH = 0,2 mol
=> mCH3COONa = 0,2.82 = 16,4 (g)
m dd sau pư = mddCH3COOH + mddNaHCO3− mCO2
= 100 + 200 - 0,2.44= 291,2 (g)
=> C%dd CH3COONa = \(\frac{16,4.100}{291,2}=5,63\left(\%\right)\)
vậy....
Bài 1: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\frac{9}{49}\left(mol\right)\)
H2SO4 + 2KOH -> K2SO4 + 2H2O
=> nKOH= 2nH2SO4 = \(\frac{18}{49}\left(mol\right)\)
=> Vdd KOH = \(\frac{18}{49}:\frac{2}{1000}=\frac{9000}{49}\left(ml\right)\)
b) nK2SO4 = nH2SO4 = \(\frac{9}{49}\left(mol\right)\)
=> mK2SO4= \(\frac{9}{49}\cdot174=\frac{1566}{49}\left(g\right)\)
mdd KOH = \(\frac{9000}{49}\cdot1,12=\frac{1440}{7}\left(g\right)\)
c) \(\%m_{K_2SO_4}=\frac{1566}{49}:\left(200+\frac{1440}{7}\right)\cdot100\%\approx7,87\%\)
bài 2: nNa2CO3 = 0,05 (mol)
PTHH:
Na2CO3 + 2HCl -> 2NaCl + H2O + CO2
=> nHCl = n NaCl = 2nNa2CO3 = 0,1 (mol)
=> mNaCl= 0,1 . 58,5 = 5,85 (g)
b) nCO2 = nNa2CO3 = 0,05 (mol)
=> mCO2 = 0,05 . 44 = 2,2 (g)
mdd HCl = 0,1 . 36,5 :20% = 18,25 (g)
=> %mNaCl = \(\frac{5,85}{53+18,25-2,2}\approx8,47\%\)
Ta có PTHH sau:
\(N a O H + C H _3 C O O H → C H _3 C O O N _a + H _2 O\)
\(+ ) Muối: C H _3 C O O N _a\)
______________________________________________________________
Giả sử ta gọi khối lượng dung dịch của \(N a O H\) là \( 10 g \) thì:
\(^n N a O H = \frac{m d d . C} {100. M} = \frac{10.20} {100.40} = 0 , 05 mol\)
Dựa vào PTHH) \(n C H _3 C O O H\)=\(n C H _3 C O O N a \)=\(0 , 05 mol\)
Vậy \(m C H _3 C O O H = 0 , 05.60 = 3 g\)
Vậy \(m C H _3 C O O N a = 0 , 05.82 = 4 , 1 g\)
Có \( m d d sau = m d d N a O H + m d d C H 3 C O O H\)
Theo đề)
\(\frac{4 , 1.100} {m d d} = 16 , 4\)
\(⇔ m d d = 25 g\)
\(Vậy m d d C H _3 C O O H = 25 − 10 = 15 g\)
\(→ C % C H 3 C O O H = \frac{3.100} {1}5 = 20 %\)
Bài hơi dễ nên giải nhanh nha!