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bÀI LÀM
a) x4+x3+2x2+x+1=(x4+x3+x2)+(x2+x+1)=x2(x2+x+1)+(x2+x+1)=(x2+x+1)(x2+1)
b)a3+b3+c3-3abc=a3+3ab(a+b)+b3+c3 -(3ab(a+b)+3abc)=(a+b)3+c3-3ab(a+b+c)
=(a+b+c)((a+b)2-(a+b)c+c2)-3ab(a+b+c)=(a+b+c)(a2+2ab+b2-ac-ab+c2-3ab)=(a+b+c)(a2+b2+c2-ab-ac-bc)
c)Đặt x-y=a;y-z=b;z-x=c
a+b+c=x-y-z+z-x=o
đưa về như bài b
d)nhóm 2 hạng tử đầu lại và 2hangj tử sau lại để 2 hạng tử sau ở trong ngoặc sau đó áp dụng hằng đẳng thức dề tính sau đó dặt nhân tử chung
e)x2(y-z)+y2(z-x)+z2(x-y)=x2(y-z)-y2((y-z)+(x-y))+z2(x-y)
=x2(y-z)-y2(y-z)-y2(x-y)+z2(x-y)=(y-z)(x2-y2)-(x-y)(y2-z2)=(y-z)(x2-2y2+xy+xz+yz)
a, 4x2 - 12x + 9
= (2x + 3)2
b, 9x4y3 + 3x2y4
= 3x2y3(3x2 + y)
c, ( x - 3 )2 - 2x ( x - 3 )
= (x - 3)(x - 3 - 2x)
= (x - 3)(-x - 3)
d, 3x ( x - 1 ) + 6 ( x - 1 )
= 3(x - 1)(x + 2)
e, 2x ( x + 1 ) - 4x - 4
= 2x(x + 1) - 4(x + 1)
= (x + 1)(2x - 4)
= 2(x + 1)(x - 2)
f, ( 2x - 3 )2 - 4x + 6
= (2x - 3)2 - 2(2x - 3)
= (2x - 3)(2x - 3 - 2)
= (2x - 3)(2x - 5)
\(Dat:a^2+a+1=b\Rightarrow....=a\left(a+1\right)-12=\left(a+4\right)\left(a-3\right)\)
=
a) \(\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+2\right)-12\) (1)
Đặt x2 + x +1 = t
Ta có : \(t\left(t+1\right)-12=t^2+t-12=t^2-3t+4t-12\)
\(=t\left(t-3\right)+4\left(t-3\right)=\left(t-3\right)\left(t+4\right)\)
Thay vào (1), ta được : \(\left(x^2+x+1-3\right)\left(x^2+x+1+4\right)=\left(x^2+x-2\right)\left(x^2+x+5\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2+x+5\right)\)
b) \(\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\left(x+5\right)-24\) (2)
\(=\left(x+2\right)\left(x+5\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)-24\)
\(=\left(x^2+7x+10\right)\left(x^2+7x+12\right)-24\)
Đặt x2 + 7x + 11 = y
Ta có : \(\left(y-1\right)\left(y+1\right)-24=y^2-1-24=y^2-25=\left(y-5\right)\left(y+5\right)\)
Thay vào (2), ta được : \(\left(x^2+7x+11-5\right)\left(x^2+7x+11+5\right)=\left(x^2+7x+6\right)\left(x^2+7x+16\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+6\right)\left(x^2+7x+16\right)\)
a) ( x2 + x)2 + 4( x2 + x) - 12
Đặt : x2 + x = a , ta có :
a2 + 4a - 12
= a2 - 4 + 4a - 8
= ( a - 2)( a +2) + 4( a - 2)
= ( a -2)( a +6)
Thay x2 + x = a , ta có :
( x2 + x - 2)( x2 + x +6)
= ( x2 - x + 2x - 2)( x2 + x +6)
= [ x( x - 1) + 2( x - 1)]( x2 + x +6)
= ( x + 2)( x - 1)( x2 + x +6)
b) ( x2 + x + 1)( x2 + x + 2) - 12
Đặt x2 + x + 1 = a , ta có :
a.( a + 1) - 12
= a2 + a - 12
= a2 - 32 + a - 3
= ( a - 3)( a +3) + ( a - 3)
= ( a - 3)( a +4)
Thay x2 + x + 1 = a , ta có :
( x2 + x - 2)( x2 + x + 5)
= [ x( x - 1) + 2( x - 1)]( x2 + x + 5)
= = ( x + 2)( x - 1)( x2 + x + 5)
c) ( x2 + 4x + 8)2 + 3x( x2 + 4x + 8) + 2x2
Đặt : x2 + 4x + 8 = a , ta có
a2 + 3ax + 2x2
= a2 + ax + 2ax + 2x2
= a( a + x) + 2x( a + x)
= ( a + 2x )( a +x)
Thay x2 + 4x + 8 = a , ta có
( x2 + 6x + 8)( x2 + 5x + 8)
a: \(=\left(x^2-2x\right)^2-\left(x^2-2x\right)-6\)
\(=\left(x^2-2x-3\right)\left(x^2-2x+2\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-2x+2\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
c: \(=\left(x^2+x+4+3x\right)\left(x^2+x+4+5x\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+6x+4\right)\left(x^2+4x+4\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+6x+4\right)\left(x+2\right)^2\)
\(x^8+x+1\)
\(=x^8+x^7+x^6-x^7-x^6-x^5+x^5+x^4+x^3-x^4-x^3-x^2+x^2+x+1\)
\(=x^6\left(x^2+x+1\right)-x^5\left(x^2+x+1\right)+x^3\left(x^2+x+1\right)-x^2\left(x^2+x+1\right)+x^2+x+1\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^6-x^5+x^3-x^2+1\right)\)
a)\(2x^3-x^2+5x+3=2x^3-2x^2+x^2+6x-x+3\)
\(=\left(2x^3-2x^2+6x\right)+\left(x^2-x+3\right)\)
\(=2x\left(x^2-x+3\right)+\left(x^2-x+3\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-x+3\right)\left(2x+1\right)\)
b)\(27x^3-27x^2+18x-4=27x^3-18x^2-9x^2+12x+6x-4\)
\(=3x\left(9x^2-6x+4\right)-\left(9x^2-6x+4\right)\)
\(=\left(9x^2-6x+4\right)\left(3x-1\right)\)
c)\(4x^4-32x^2+1=4x^4+4x^2-36x^2+1\)
\(=\left(4x^4+4x^2+1\right)-36x^2\)
\(=\left(2x^2+1\right)^2-\left(6x\right)^2\)
\(=\left(2x^2+1+6x\right)\left(2x^2+1-6x\right)\)
a) Ta có: \(\left(x^2+x\right)^2-14\left(x^2+x\right)+24\)(1)
Đặt \(a=x^2+x\)
(1)\(=a^2-14a+24\)
\(=a^2-12a-2a+24\)
\(=a\left(a-12\right)-2\left(a-12\right)\)
\(=\left(a-12\right)\left(a-2\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+x-12\right)\left(x^2+x-2\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+4x-3x-12\right)\left(x^2+2x-x-2\right)\)
\(=\left[x\left(x+4\right)-3\left(x+4\right)\right]\left[x\left(x+2\right)-\left(x+2\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x+4\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
b) Ta có: \(\left(x^2+x\right)^2+4x^2+4x-12\)
\(=\left(x^2+x\right)^2+4\left(x^2+x\right)-12\)
\(=a^2+4a-12\)
\(=a^2+6a-2a-12\)
\(=a\left(a+6\right)-2\left(a+6\right)\)
\(=\left(a+6\right)\left(a-2\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+6\right)\left(x^2+x-2\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+6\right)\left(x^2+2x-x-2\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+6\right)\left[x\left(x+2\right)-\left(x+2\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+6\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
c) Ta có: \(x^4+2x^3+5x^2+4x-12\)
\(=x^4-x^3+3x^3-3x^2+8x^2-8x+12x-12\)
\(=x^3\left(x-1\right)+3x^2\left(x-1\right)+8x\left(x-1\right)+12\left(x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x^3+3x^2+8x+12\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x^3+2x^2+x^2+2x+6x+12\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left[x^2\left(x+2\right)+x\left(x+2\right)+6\left(x+2\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2+x+6\right)\)
d) Ta có: \(\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)+1\)
\(=\left(x^2+5x+4\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)+1\)(2)
Đặt \(x^2+5x=b\)
(2)\(=\left(b+4\right)\left(b+6\right)+1\)
\(=b^2+10b+24+1\)
\(=b^2+10b+25\)
\(=\left(b+5\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x^2+5x+5\right)^2\)
e) Ta có: \(\left(x+1\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+5\right)\left(x+7\right)+15\)
\(=\left(x^2+8x+7\right)\left(x^2+8x+15\right)+15\)(3)
Đặt \(c=x^2+8x\)
(3)\(=\left(c+7\right)\left(c+15\right)+15\)
\(=c^2+22c+105+15\)
\(=c^2+22c+120\)
\(=c^2+12c+10c+120\)
\(=c\left(c+12\right)+10\left(c+12\right)\)
\(=\left(c+12\right)\left(c+10\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+8x+12\right)\left(x^2+8x+10\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+6x+2x+12\right)\left(x^2+8x+10\right)\)
\(=\left[x\left(x+6\right)+2\left(x+6\right)\right]\left(x^2+8x+10\right)\)
\(=\left(x+6\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2+8x+10\right)\)