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Đặt : u=x2+x+1
Ta có : u(u+1)-12
=u2+u-12
=u2+4u-3u-12
=u(u+4)-3(u+4)
=(u+4)(u-3)
=(x2+x+1+4)(x2+x+1-3)
=(x2+x+5)(x2+x-2)
=(x2+x+5)[(x2+2x)-x-2]
=(x2+x+5)[(x2+2x)-(x+2)]
=(x2+x+5)(x+2)(x-1)
Nhận xét : x2+x+5>0 , với mọi x , nên không phân tích được nữa
a) \(\left(a+b\right)^3+\left(a+b\right)^3\)
\(=\left(a+b+a+b\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-2\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(a+b\right)^2\right]\)
\(=2\left(a+b\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2\left(1-2+1\right)\right]\)
\(=2\left(a+b\right)\)
b) \(9x^2+6xy+y^2\)
\(=\left(3x+y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(3x+y\right)\left(3x+y\right)\)
c) \(4x^2-25\)
\(=\left(2x\right)^2-5^2\)
\(=\left(2x+5\right)\left(2x-5\right)\)
Ta có : 6x2 - 11x + 3
= 6x2 - 2x - 9x + 3
= (6x2 - 2x) - (9x - 3)
= 2x(3x - 1) - 3(3x - 1)
= (2x - 3)(3x - 1)
1) \(\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+2\right)-12=x^4+x^3+2x^2+x^3+x^2+2x+x^2+x+2-12\)
\(=x^4+2x^3+4x^2+3x-10=\left(x^4+2x^3\right)+\left(4x^2+8x\right)+\left(-5x-10\right)\)
\(=x^3.\left(x+2\right)+4x.\left(x+2\right)-5.\left(x+2\right)=\left(x+2\right)\left(x^3+4x-5\right)\)
\(=\left(x+2\right)\left(x^3-x^2+x^2-x+5x-5\right)=\left(x+2\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+5\right)\)
2) \(\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\left(x+5\right)-24=\left[\left(x+2\right)\left(x+5\right)\right].\left[\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\right]-24\)
\(=\left(x^2+7x+10\right).\left(x^2+7x+12\right)-24\)
Đặt \(a=x^2+7x+10\) thì ta có :\(a.\left(a+2\right)-24=a^2+2a-24=\left(a^2+2a+1\right)-25=\left(a+1\right)^2-5^2\)
\(=\left(a+1+5\right)\left(a+1-5\right)=\left(a+6\right)\left(a-4\right)\)
Thay a , ta có :
\(\left(x^2+7x+10+6\right)\left(x^2+7x+10-4\right)=\left(x^2+7x+16\right).\left(x^2+x+6x+6\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+7x+16\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x+6\right)\)
x^4 + 3x^2 - 4x - 12
= x^3 (x -2) + 3(x - 2)(x +2) +2x(x -2)
=(x -2)(x^3 + 3x + 6 + 2x)
= (x -2)(x^3 + 5x + 6 )
= (x - 2)(x^3 + x^2 -x^2 - x + 6x + 6)
= (x -2)[x^2(x+1) -x(x+1)+6(x+1)]
=(x-2)(x+1)(x^2-x+6)
a) \(x^3-16x=x\left(x^2-4\right)=x\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\)
b) \(3x^2+3y^2-6xy-12=3\left(x^2-2xy+y^2-4\right)=3\left(x-y-2\right)\left(x-y+2\right)\)
c) \(x^2+6x+5=\left(x+1\right)\left(x+5\right)\)
d) \(x^4+x^3+2x^2+x+1=x^2\left(x^2+x+1\right)+\left(x^2+x+1\right)=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)\)
Đặt \(x^2+x+1=t\)
\(\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+2\right)-12=t\left(t+1\right)-12=t^2+t-12=\left(t^2+t+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)-\dfrac{49}{4}=\left(t+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\left(\dfrac{7}{2}\right)^2=\left(t+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{7}{2}\right)\left(t+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{7}{2}\right)=\left(t-3\right)\left(t+4\right)=\left(x^2+x-2\right)\left(x^2+x+5\right)\)
\(\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+2\right)-12\)
= \(\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left[\left(x^2+x+1\right)+1\right]-12\)
= \(\left(x^2+x+1\right)^2\left(x^2+x+1\right)-12\)
= \(\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)-3\left(x^2+x+1\right)+4\left(x^2+x+1\right)-4.3\)
= \(\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2+x-2\right)+4\left(x^2+x-2\right)\)
= \(\left(x^2+x+5\right)\left(x^2+x-2\right)\)
Lời giải:
\(25(x-3)^2-9(2x+1)^2=5^2(x-3)^2-3^2(2x+1)^2\)
\(=(5x-15)^2-(6x+3)^2\)
\(=[(5x-15)-(6x+3)][(5x-15)+(6x+3)]\)
\(=(-x-18)(11x-12)=(x+18)(12-11x)\)