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a/ ĐKXĐ: ...
\(\Leftrightarrow x+8+\sqrt{x+8}-\left(x+8\right)=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x+3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+8}=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x+3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+8=2x+3+2\sqrt{x^2+3x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5-x=2\sqrt{x^2+3x}\) (\(x\le5\))
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-10x+25=4\left(x^2+3x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow...\)
b/ ĐKXĐ: \(2\le x\le5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x-2\right)+\sqrt{2\left(x-2\right)}\left(\sqrt{5-x}-\sqrt{3x-3}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2\left(x-2\right)}\left(\sqrt{2x-4}+\sqrt{5-x}-\sqrt{3x-3}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\\sqrt{2x-4}+\sqrt{5-x}=\sqrt{3x-3}\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow x+1+2\sqrt{\left(2x-4\right)\left(5-x\right)}=3x-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(2x-4\right)\left(5-x\right)}=x-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-4\right)\left(5-x\right)=\left(x-2\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow...\)
c/ ĐKXĐ: \(x\le12\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[3]{24+x}\sqrt{12-x}-6\sqrt{12-x}+12-x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{12-x}\left(\sqrt[3]{24+x}-6+\sqrt{12-x}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=12\\\sqrt[3]{24+x}+\sqrt{12-x}=6\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét (1):
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt[3]{24+x}=a\\\sqrt{12-x}=b\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=6\\a^3+b^2=36\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b=6-a\\a^3+b^2=36\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+\left(6-a\right)^2=36\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+a^2-12a=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(a^2+a-12\right)=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=0\\a=3\\a=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt[3]{24+x}=0\\\sqrt[3]{24+x}=3\\\sqrt[3]{24+x}=-4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}24+x=0\\24+x=27\\24+x=-64\end{matrix}\right.\)
a/ ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge1\)
Khi \(x\ge1\) ta thấy \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}VT>0\\VP=1-x\le0\end{matrix}\right.\) nên pt vô nghiệm
b/ \(x\ge1\)
\(\sqrt{\sqrt{x-1}\left(x-2\sqrt{x-1}\right)}+\sqrt{\sqrt{x-1}\left(x+3-4\sqrt{x-1}\right)}=\sqrt{x-1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\sqrt{x-1}\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\sqrt{x-1}\left(\sqrt{x-1}-2\right)^2}=\sqrt{x-1}\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x-1}=a\ge0\) ta được:
\(\sqrt{a\left(a-1\right)^2}+\sqrt{a\left(a-2\right)^2}=a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=0\Rightarrow x=1\\\sqrt{\left(a-1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(a-2\right)^2}=\sqrt{a}\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|a-1\right|+\left|a-2\right|=\sqrt{a}\)
- Với \(a\ge2\) ta được: \(2a-3=\sqrt{a}\Leftrightarrow2a-\sqrt{a}-3=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{a}=-1\left(l\right)\\\sqrt{a}=\frac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow a=\frac{9}{4}\Rightarrow\sqrt{x-1}=\frac{9}{4}\Rightarrow...\)
- Với \(0\le a\le1\) ta được:
\(1-a+2-a=\sqrt{a}\Leftrightarrow2a+\sqrt{a}-3=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\a=-\frac{3}{2}\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x-1}=1\Rightarrow...\)
- Với \(1< a< 2\Rightarrow a-1+2-a=\sqrt{a}\Leftrightarrow a=1\left(l\right)\)
c/ ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge\frac{49}{14}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{14x-49+14\sqrt{14x-49}+49}+\sqrt{14x-49-14\sqrt{14x-49}+49}=14\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{14x-49}+7\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{14x-49}-7\right)^2}=14\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|\sqrt{14x-49}+7\right|+\left|7-\sqrt{14x-49}\right|=14\)
Mà \(VT\ge\left|\sqrt{14x-49}+7+7-\sqrt{14x-49}\right|=14\)
Nên dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi:
\(7-\sqrt{14x-49}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow14x-49\le49\Leftrightarrow x\le7\)
Vậy nghiệm của pt là \(\frac{49}{14}\le x\le7\)
\(\sqrt{x-5}+\sqrt{x-3}-2\sqrt{x^2+2x-8}+4=0\left(1\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-5}+\sqrt{x-3}+4=2\sqrt{x^2+2x-8}\)
ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-5\ge0\\x-3\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge5\\x\ge3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-5}+\sqrt{x-3}+4=2\sqrt{x^2+2x-8}\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-5}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{x-3}\right)^2+4^2=\left(2\sqrt{x^2+2x-8}\right)^2\\ \Leftrightarrow x-5+x-3+16=4.\left(x^2+2x-8\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow x-5+x-3+16=4x^2+8x-32\\ \Leftrightarrow x-5+x-3+16-4x^2-8x+32=0\\ \Leftrightarrow-4x^2-6x+40=0\)
Ta có: \(\Delta=b^2-4ac=\left(-6\right)^2-4.\left(-4\right).40=676\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x_1=\dfrac{-b+\sqrt{\Delta}}{2a}=\dfrac{-\left(-6\right)+\sqrt{676}}{2.\left(-4\right)}=-4\left(nhận\right)\\x_2=\dfrac{-b-\sqrt{\Delta}}{2a}=\dfrac{-\left(-6\right)-\sqrt{676}}{2.\left(-4\right)}=\dfrac{5}{2}=2,5\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy phương trình (1) không có nghiệm thỏa mãn.
Mình nhầm chỗ \(x_1=-4\) là loại mà mình nhấn nhầm là nhận!
a/ \(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2+x+3}-\sqrt{x^2+2}+\sqrt{x^2+x+8}-\sqrt{x^2+7}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+1}{\sqrt{x^2+x+3}+\sqrt{x^2+2}}+\frac{x+1}{\sqrt{x^2+x+8}+\sqrt{x^2+7}}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2+x+3}+\sqrt{x^2+2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2+x+8}+\sqrt{x^2+7}}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+1=0\) (ngoặc to phía sau luôn dương)
\(\Rightarrow x=-1\)
b/
\(\sqrt{7-x^2+x\sqrt{x+5}}=\sqrt{3-2x-x^2}\) (1)
\(\Rightarrow7-x^2+x\sqrt{x+5}=3-2x-x^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\sqrt{x+5}=-2x-4\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2\left(x+5\right)=4x^2+16x+16\)
\(\Rightarrow x^3+x^2-16\left(x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-4\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=2\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Do các phép biến đổi ko tương đương nên cần thay nghiệm vào (1) để kiểm tra
c/ ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge\frac{5}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{10x+1}-\sqrt{9x+4}+\sqrt{3x-5}-\sqrt{2x-2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x-3}{\sqrt{10x+1}+\sqrt{9x+4}}+\frac{x-3}{\sqrt{3x-5}+\sqrt{2x-2}}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{10x+1}+\sqrt{9x+4}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3x-5}+\sqrt{2x-2}}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-3=0\) (ngoặc phía sau luôn dương)
d/ Đề bài là \(2\sqrt{2x+3}\) hay \(2\sqrt{2x-3}\) bạn?
e/ ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+3+2\sqrt{x+3}+1}=x+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x+3}+1\right)^2}=x+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+3}+1=x+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+3-\sqrt{x+3}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+3}\left(\sqrt{x+3}-1\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+3=0\\x+3=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{-x^2+11x-24}+x^2-11x+26=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{-x^2+11x-24}+x^2-11x+24+2=0\)
Đặt \(t=\sqrt{-x^2+11x-24}\left(t\ge0\right)\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow-t^2+t+2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=2\left(tm\right)\\t=-1\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow-x^2+11x-24=4\Leftrightarrow-x^2+11x-28=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\x=7\end{matrix}\right.\)
ĐKXĐ: x>=0
PT đã cho <=>\(\left(\sqrt[3]{x^2+26}-3\right)+\left(\sqrt{x+3}-2\right)+\left(3\sqrt{x}-3\right)=0\)
<=>\(\frac{\left[\left(\sqrt[3]{x^2+26}\right)^3-27\right]}{\sqrt[3]{\left(x^2-26\right)^2}+3\sqrt[3]{x^2-26}+9}+\frac{\left[\left(\sqrt{x+3}\right)^2-4\right]}{\sqrt{x+3}+3}+\frac{3.\left[\left(\sqrt{x}\right)^2-1\right]}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)=0
<=>\(\frac{x^2-1}{\sqrt[3]{\left(x^2+26\right)^2}+3\sqrt{x^2+26}+9}+\frac{x-1}{\sqrt{x+3}+3}+\frac{3.\left(x-1\right)}{\sqrt{x}+1}=0\)
<=>(x-1)\(\left(\frac{x+1}{\sqrt[3]{\left(x^2+26\right)^2}+3\sqrt{x^2+26}+9}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x+3}+3}+\frac{3}{\sqrt{x}+1}\right)=0\)
<=>x=1
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