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1.D
sin2x - 3cosx - 4 = 0
1-cos2x - 3cosx - 4 = 0
cos2x + 3 cosx + 3 = 0
Vô nghiệm
\(\cos2x-\sin x+\cos x=0\Leftrightarrow\cos^2x-\sin^2x+\left(\cos x-\sin x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\cos x-\sin x\right)\left(\cos x+\sin x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\begin{cases}\cos x-\sin x=0\\\cos x+\sin x+1=0\end{cases}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\begin{cases}\sqrt{2}\cos\left(x+\frac{\pi}{4}\right)=0\\\sqrt{2}\cos\left(x-\frac{\pi}{4}\right)=-1\end{cases}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\begin{cases}x+\frac{\pi}{4}=\frac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\\x-\frac{\pi}{4}=\frac{3\pi}{4}+k2\pi\\x-\frac{\pi}{4}=-\frac{3\pi}{4}+k2\pi\end{cases}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\begin{cases}x=\frac{\pi}{4}+k\pi\\x=\pi+k2\pi\\x=-\frac{\pi}{2}+k2\pi\end{cases}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos3x+\sqrt{3}sin3x=\sqrt{3}cosx+sinx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}cos3x+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}sin3x=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}cosx+\dfrac{1}{2}sinx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos\left(3x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=cos\left(x-\dfrac{\pi}{6}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}=x-\dfrac{\pi}{6}+k2\pi\\3x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}=\dfrac{\pi}{6}-x+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\pi}{12}+k\pi\\x=\dfrac{\pi}{8}+\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2cos^2x-1+2cosx-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2}cosx\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2cos^2x+\dfrac{5}{2}cosx-\dfrac{3}{2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}cosx=\dfrac{-5+\sqrt{73}}{8}\\cosx=\dfrac{-5-\sqrt{73}}{8}\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\pm arccos\left(\dfrac{-5+\sqrt{73}}{8}\right)+k2\pi\)