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Giả sử \(y\ge z\Rightarrow\frac{4x}{1+4x}\ge\frac{4y}{1+4y}\Leftrightarrow1-\frac{1}{1+4x}\ge1-\frac{1}{1+4y}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{1+4x}\le\frac{1}{1+4y}\Leftrightarrow1+4x\ge1+4y\Leftrightarrow x\ge y\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{4z}{1+4z}\ge\frac{4x}{1+4x}\).Tương tự:\(z\ge x\).Nên \(x=y=z\).
Thế vào mà giải nhé
áp dụng bđt \(\frac{a+b}{2}\ge\sqrt{ab}\),dấu "=" xảy ra <=>a=b
\(\sqrt{\left(4x-1\right).1}\le\frac{1+4x-1}{2}=2x\)
Tương tự \(\sqrt{\left(4y-1\right).1}\le\frac{1+4y-1}{2}=2y;\sqrt{\left(4z-1\right).1}\le\frac{1+4z-1}{2}=2z\)
Cộng theo vế:
=>\(2\left(x+y+z\right)\ge\sqrt{4x-1}+\sqrt{4y-1}+\sqrt{4z-1}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{4x-1}=1\\\sqrt{4y-1}=1\\\sqrt{4z-1}=1\end{cases}}< =>x=y=z=\frac{1}{2}\)
DK : \(x,y,z\ge\frac{1}{2}\)
Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT trên ta có :
\(2x+2y+2z-\sqrt{4x-1}-\sqrt{4y-1}-\sqrt{4z-1}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4x-1-2\sqrt{4x-1}+1\right)+\left(4y-1-2\sqrt{4y-1}+1\right)\)
\(+\left(4z-1-2\sqrt{4z-1}+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{4x-1}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{4y-1}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{4z-1}-1\right)^2=0\)
Dễ thấy : \(VT\ge0\forall x,y,z\)
" = " \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{4x-1}=1\\\sqrt{4y-1}=1\\\sqrt{4z-1}=1\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{1}{2}}\)
Chúc bạn học tốt !!!
ĐK: \(x,y,z\ge\frac{1}{4}\)
hệ pt <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=\sqrt{4z-1}\\y+z=\sqrt{4x-1}\\z+x=\sqrt{4y-1}\end{cases}}\)
<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}2x+2y=2\sqrt{4z-1}\\2y+2z=2\sqrt{4x-1}\\2z+2x=2\sqrt{4y-1}\end{cases}}\)
=> \(4x+4y+4z=2\sqrt{4z-1}+2\sqrt{4x-1}+2\sqrt{4y-1}\)
<=> \(\left(4x-1-2\sqrt{4x-1}+1\right)+\left(4y-1-2\sqrt{4y-1}+1\right)+\left(4z-1-2\sqrt{4z-1}+1\right)=0\)
<=> \(\left(\sqrt{4x-1}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{4y-1}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{4z-1}-1\right)^2=0\)
<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{4x-1}-1=0\\\sqrt{4y-1}-1=0\\\sqrt{4z-1}-1=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}4x-1=1\\4y-1=1\\4z-1=1\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{1}{2}\)(tm đk)
Thử vào thỏa mãn.
Vậy...
Điều kiện \(x,y,z\ge\frac{1}{4}\)
Cộng các phương trình trong hệ được :
\(2\left(x+y+z\right)=\sqrt{4x-1}+\sqrt{4y-1}+\sqrt{4z-1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(x+y+z\right)=2\sqrt{4x-1}+2\sqrt{4y-1}+2\sqrt{4z-1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{4x-1}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{4y-1}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{4z-1}-1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{4x-1}-1=0\\\sqrt{4y-1}-1=0\\\sqrt{4z-1}-1=0\end{cases}}\) \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{1}{2}\)
Từ đó thay vào yêu cầu đề bài để tính.
a) \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-1\right)\left(2x+y\right)=0\\\left(y+1\right)\left(2y-x\right)=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\cdot x=1\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}0=0\\\left(y+1\right)\left(2y-1\right)=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}0=0\\y=-1;y=\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}\)
\(\cdot y=-1\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-1\right)\left(2x-1\right)=0\\0=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1;x=\frac{1}{2}\\0=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\cdot x=2y\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(2y-1\right)5y=0\\0=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}y=0\Rightarrow x=0\\y=\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow x=1\end{cases}}\)
\(y=-2x\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}0=0\\\left(1-2x\right)5x=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow y=-1\\x=0\Rightarrow y=0\end{cases}}\)
b) \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=\frac{21}{8}\\\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}=\frac{37}{6}\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{21}{8}-y\\\left(\frac{21}{8}-y\right)^2+y^2=\frac{37}{6}y\left(\frac{21}{8}-y\right)\end{cases}}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{21}{8}-y\\2y^2-\frac{21}{4}y+\frac{441}{64}=-\frac{37}{6}y^2+\frac{259}{16}y\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{21}{8}-y\\1568y^2-4116y+1323=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{3}{8}\\y=\frac{9}{4}\end{cases}}hay\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{9}{4}\\y=\frac{3}{8}\end{cases}}\)
c) \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=2\\\frac{2}{xy}-\frac{1}{z^2}=4\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{z^2}=\left(2-\frac{1}{x}-\frac{1}{y}\right)^2\\\frac{1}{z^2}=\frac{2}{xy}-4\end{cases}}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(2xy-x-y\right)^2=-4x^2y^2+2xy\\\frac{1}{z^2}=\frac{2}{xy}-4\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}8x^2y^2-4x^2y-4xy^2+x^2+y^2-2xy+2xy=0\\\frac{1}{z^2}=\frac{2}{xy}-4\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}4x^2y^2-4x^2y+x^2+4x^2y^2-4xy^2+y^2=0\\\frac{1}{z^2}=\frac{2}{xy}-4\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(2xy-x\right)^2+\left(2xy-y\right)^2=0\\\frac{1}{z^2}=\frac{2}{xy}-4\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=y=\frac{1}{2}\\z=\frac{-1}{2}\end{cases}}\)
d) \(\hept{\begin{cases}xy+x+y=71\\x^2y+xy^2=880\end{cases}}\). Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=S\\xy=P\end{cases}}\), ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}S+P=71\\SP=880\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}S=71-P\\P\left(71-P\right)=880\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}S=71-P\\P^2-71P+880=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}S=16\\P=55\end{cases}}hay\hept{\begin{cases}S=55\\P=16\end{cases}}\)
\(\cdot\hept{\begin{cases}S=16\\P=55\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=16\\xy=55\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=16-y\\y\left(16-y\right)=55\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=16-y\\y^2-16y+55=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=5\\y=11\end{cases}}hay\hept{\begin{cases}x=11\\y=5\end{cases}}\)
\(\cdot\hept{\begin{cases}S=55\\P=16\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=55\\xy=16\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=55-y\\y\left(55-y\right)=16\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=55-y\\y^2-55y+16=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{55-3\sqrt{329}}{2}\\y=\frac{55+3\sqrt{329}}{2}\end{cases}}hay\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{55+3\sqrt{329}}{2}\\y=\frac{55-3\sqrt{329}}{2}\end{cases}}\)
e) \(\hept{\begin{cases}x\sqrt{y}+y\sqrt{x}=12\\x\sqrt{x}+y\sqrt{y}=28\end{cases}}\). Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}S=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\\P=\sqrt{xy}\end{cases}}\), ta có \(\hept{\begin{cases}SP=12\\P\left(S^2-2P\right)=28\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}S=\frac{12}{P}\\P\left(\frac{144}{P^2}-2P\right)=28\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}S=\frac{12}{P}\\2P^4+28P^2-144P=0\end{cases}}\)
Tự làm tiếp nhá! Đuối lắm luôn
Ta có
\(\sqrt{4x-1}\le\frac{1+4x-1}{2}=2x\)
\(\sqrt{4y-1}\le2y\)
\(\sqrt{4z-1}\le2z\)
Cộng vế theo vế ta được
\(\sqrt{4x-1}+\sqrt{4y-1}+\sqrt{4z-1}\le2\left(x+y+z\right)\)
Theo đề bài ta có khi cộng pt (1), (2), (3) vế theo vế thì được
\(\sqrt{4x-1}+\sqrt{4y-1}+\sqrt{4z-1}=2\left(x+y+z\right)\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x = y = z = \(\frac{1}{2}\)