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a) \(M_{hh}=0,6.29=17,4\) (g/mol)
Dùng phương pháp đường chéo :
CH4 : 16 C2H6 : 30 17,4 12,6 1,4 = 9 1
=> Trong 3 lít hỗn hợp trên \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2,7\left(lít\right)CH_4\\0,3\left(lít\right)C_2H_6\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH : \(CH_4+2O_2-t^o->CO_2+2H_2O\) (1)
\(C_2H_6+\dfrac{7}{2}O_2-t^o->2CO_2+3H_2O\) (2)
Theo pthh (1) và (2) : \(\Sigma n_{O2}=2n_{CH4}+\dfrac{7}{2}n_{C2H6}\)
=> \(\Sigma_{V_{O2}}=2V_{CH4}+\dfrac{7}{2}V_{C2H6}=6,45\left(l\right)\)
b) HD : Áp dụng ĐLBTKL : mhh + mo2 = msp.cháy
a, \(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+H_2O\)
\(2C_2H_2+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}4CO_2+2H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{CH_4}+n_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{33,6}{22,4}=1,5\left(mol\right)\left(1\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{CO_2}=n_{CH_4}+2n_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{56}{22,4}=2,5\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CH_4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_2H_2}=1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,5.22,4}{33,6}.100\%\approx33,33\%\\\%V_{C_2H_2}\approx66,67\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=2n_{CH_4}+\dfrac{5}{2}n_{C_2H_2}=3,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=3,5.32=112\left(g\right)\)
2CH3COOH+CaCO3-to>(CH3COO)2Ca+H2O+CO2
0,4-----------------0,2----------------------------------------0,2
2CH3COOH+CaO->(CH3COO)2Ca+H2O
0,1----------------0,05
n CO2=0,2 mol
=>%m CaCO3=\(\dfrac{0,2.100}{22,8}100=87,72\%\)
=>%m CaO=12,28%
=>n CaO=0,05 mol
=>VCH3COOH=\(\dfrac{0,5}{2}=0,25l\)
a)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CaCO3 + 2CH3COOH --> (CH3COO)2Ca + CO2 + H2O
0,2<---------0,4<------------------------------0,2
=> \(m_{CaCO_3}=0,2.100=20\left(g\right)\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{20}{22,8}=87,72\%\\\%m_{CaO}=100\%-87,72\%=12,28\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)
\(n_{CaO}=\dfrac{22,8-20}{56}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CaO + 2CH3COOH --> (CH3COO)2Ca + H2O
0,05---->0,1
=> \(V_{dd.CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{0,1+0,4}{2}=0,25\left(l\right)\)
c) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{a}{60}\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{1,5a}{46}\left(mol\right)\\n_{CH_3COOC_2H_5}=\dfrac{1,2a}{88}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH: CH3COOH + C2H5OH --H2SO4(đ),to--> CH3COOC2H5 + H2O
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{\dfrac{a}{60}}{1}< \dfrac{\dfrac{1,5a}{46}}{1}\) => HIệu suất tính theo CH3COOH
\(n_{CH_3COOH\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{1,2a}{88}\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(H=\dfrac{\dfrac{1,2a}{88}}{\dfrac{a}{60}}.100\%=81,82\%\)
a.\(m_{Br_2}=8g\)
\(n_{Br_2}=\dfrac{8}{160}=0,05mol\)
\(n_{hh}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2mol\)
\(C_2H_2+2Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_2Br_4\)
0,025 0,05 ( mol )
\(\%V_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{0,025}{0,2}.100=12,5\%\)
\(\%V_{CH_4}=100\%-12,5\%=87,5\%\)
b.
\(m_{C_2H_2}=0,025.26=0,65g\)
\(m_{CH_4}=\left(0,2-0,025\right).16=2,8g\)
c.
\(2C_2H_2+5O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)4CO_2+2H_2O\)
0,025 0,0625 ( mol )
\(CH_4+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2+2H_2O\)
0,175 0,35 ( mol )
\(V_{kk}=V_{O_2}.5=\left(0,35+0,0625\right).22,4.5=46,2l\)
pt:
CO2 + Ca(OH)2 → CaCO3↓ + H2O
0,3 → 0,3 0,3
CO2 + CaCO3 + H2O → Ca(HCO3)2
0,1 → 0,1 0,1
m dd tăng = mCO2 + mH2O – mCaCO3 = 12g
a, \(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(2C_2H_2+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}4CO_2+2H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{CH_4}+n_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(n_{CO_2}=n_{CH_4}+2n_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CH_4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_2H_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,25.22,4}{6,72}.100\%\approx83,33\%\\\%V_{C_2H_2}\approx16,67\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=2n_{CH_4}+\dfrac{5}{2}n_{C_2H_2}=0,625\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=0,625.32=20\left(g\right)\)
$2H_2 + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2H_2O$
$2CO + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2CO_2$
$n_{CO} = n_{CO_2} = \dfrac{17,92}{22,4} = 0,8(mol)$
$\Rightarrow n_{H_2} = \dfrac{13,6 - 0,8.28}{2} = -4,4<0$
$\to$ Sai đề