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C1. ( 2x + 3y )2 + 2( 2x + 3y ) + 1 = [ ( 2x + 3y ) + 1 ]2
C2. ( x + 2 )2 = ( 2x - 1 )2
<=> ( x + 2 )2 - ( 2x - 1 )2 = 0
<=> [ x + 2 + ( 2x - 1 ) ][ x + 2 - ( 2x - 1 ) ] = 0
<=> [ 3x + 1 ][ 3 - x ] = 0
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}3x+1=0\\3-x=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-\frac{1}{3}\\x=3\end{cases}}\)
b) ( x + 2 )2 - x + 4 = 0
<=> x2 + 4x + 4 - x + 4 = 0
<=> x2 - 3x + 8 = 0
Mà ta có x2 - 3x + 8 = x2 - 3x + 9/4 + 23/4 = ( x - 3/2 )2 + 23/4 ≥ 23/4 > 0 với mọi x
=> Phương trình vô nghiệm
C3. a) A = x2 - 2x + 5 = x2 - 2x + 4 + 1 = ( x - 2 )2 + 1
\(\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0\forall x\Rightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra <=> x - 2 = 0 => x = 2
Vậy AMin = 1 , đạt được khi x = 2
b)B = x2 - x + 1 = x2 - x + 1/4 + 3/4 = ( x - 1/2 )2 + 3/4
\(\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\Rightarrow\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra <=> x - 1/2 = 0 => x = 1/2
Vậy BMin = 3/4, đạt được khi x = 1/2
c) C = ( x - 1 )( x + 2 )( x + 3 )( x + 6 )
C = [ ( x - 1 )( x + 6 )][ ( x + 2 )( x + 3 ]
C = [ x2 + 5x - 6 ][ x2 + 5x + 6 ]
C = ( x2 + 5x )2 - 36
\(\left(x^2+5x\right)^2\ge0\forall x\Rightarrow\left(x^2+5x\right)^2-36\ge-36\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra <=> x2 + 5x = 0
<=> x( x + 5 ) = 0
<=> x = 0 hoặc x + 5 = 0
<=> x = 0 hoặc x = -5
Vậy CMin = -36, đạt được khi x = 0 hoặc x = -5
d) D = x2 + 5y2 - 2xy + 4y + 3
= ( x2 - 2xy + y2 ) + ( 4y2 + 4y + 1 ) + 2
= ( x - y )2 + ( 2y + 1 )2 + 2
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\\\left(2y+1\right)^2\ge0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(2y+1\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\)
=> \(\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(2y+1\right)^2+2\ge2\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-y=0\\2y+1=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-y=0\\y=-\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}\Rightarrow}x=y=-\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy DMin = 2 , đạt được khi x = y = -1/2
C4. a) ( Cái này tìm được Min k tìm được Max )
A = x2 - 4x - 2 = x2 - 4x + 4 - 6 = ( x - 2 )2 - 6
\(\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0\forall x\Rightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2-6\ge-6\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra <=> x - 2 = 0 => x = 2
Vậy AMin = -6 , đạt được khi x = 2
b) B = -2x2 - 3x + 5 = -2( x2 + 3/2x + 9/16 ) + 49/8 = -2( x + 3/4 )2 + 49/8
\(-2\left(x+\frac{3}{4}\right)^2\le0\Rightarrow-2\left(x+\frac{3}{4}\right)+\frac{49}{8}\le\frac{49}{8}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra <=> x + 3/4 = 0 => x = -3/4
Vậy BMax = 49/8 , đạt được khi x = -3/4
c) C = ( 2 - x )( x + 4 ) = -x2 - 2x + 8 = -( x2 + 2x + 1 ) + 9 = -( x + 1 )2 + 9
\(-\left(x+1\right)^2\le0\Rightarrow-\left(x+1\right)^2+9\le9\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra <=> x + 1 = 0 => x = -1
Vậy CMax = 9 , đạt được khi x = -1
d) D = -8x2 + 4xy - y2 + 3 ( Cái này mình đang tính ạ )
C5. a) A = 25x2 - 20x + 7
A = 25x2 - 20x + 4 + 3
A = ( 5x2 - 2 )2 + 3 ≥ 3 > 0 với mọi x ( đpcm )
b) B = 9x2 - 6xy + 2y2 + 1
B = ( 9x2 - 6xy + y2 ) + y2 + 1
B = ( 3x - y )2 + y2 + 1 ≥ 1 > 0 với mọi x, y ( đpcm )
c) C = x2 - 2x + y2 + 4y + 6
C = ( x2 - 2x + 1 ) + ( y2 + 4y + 4 ) + 1
C = ( x - 1 )2 + ( y + 2 )2 + 1 ≥ 1 > 0 với mọi x,y ( đpcm )
d) D = x2 - 2x + 2
D = x2 - 2x + 1 + 1
D = ( x - 1 )2 + 1 ≥ 1 > 0 với mọi x ( đpcm )
a) \(x^2+4x+4=\left(x+2\right)^2\)
b) \(x^2-8x+16=\left(x-4\right)^2\)
c) \(\left(x+5\right)\left(x-5\right)=x^2-25\)
g) \(\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2-2x+4\right)\)
\(=x^3-8\)
\(a,xy+1-x-y\)
\(=\left(xy-y\right)+\left(1-x\right)\)
\(=y\left(x-1\right)- \left(x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)\)
\(b,ax+ay-3x-3y\)
\(=a\left(x+y\right)-3\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(a-3\right)\)
\(c,x^3-2x^2+2x-4\)
\(=x^2\left(x-2\right)+2\left(x-2\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+2\right)\left(x-2\right)\)
\(d,x^2+ab+ax+bx\)
\(=\left(x^2+ax\right)+\left(ab+bx\right)\)
\(=x\left(a+x\right)+b\left(a+x\right)\)
\(=\left(a+x\right)\left(b+x\right)\)
\(e,16-x^2+2xy-y^2\)
\(=4^2-\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=4^2-\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(4-x+y\right)\left(4+x-y\right)\)
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Câu 3:
1)
a) Ta có: 3x−2=2x−33x−2=2x−3
⇔3x−2−2x+3=0⇔3x−2−2x+3=0
⇔x+1=0⇔x+1=0
hay x=-1
Vậy: x=-1
b) Ta có: 3−4y+24+6y=y+27+3y3−4y+24+6y=y+27+3y
⇔27+2y=27+4y⇔27+2y=27+4y
⇔27+2y−27−4y=0⇔27+2y−27−4y=0
⇔−2y=0⇔−2y=0
hay y=0
Vậy: y=0
c) Ta có: 7−2x=22−3x7−2x=22−3x
⇔7−2x−22+3x=0⇔7−2x−22+3x=0
⇔−15+x=0⇔−15+x=0
hay x=15
Vậy: x=15
d) Ta có: 8x−3=5x+128x−3=5x+12
⇔8x−3−5x−12=0⇔8x−3−5x−12=0
⇔3x−15=0⇔3x−15=0
⇔3(x−5)=0⇔3(x−5)=0
Vì 3≠0
nên x-5=0
hay x=5
Vậy: x=5
a) 3x - 2 = 2x - 3
\(\Leftrightarrow\) 3x - 2 - 2x + 3 = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) x + 1 = 0
\(\Rightarrow\) x = -1
b) 3 - 4y + 24 + 6y = y + 27 + 3y
\(\Leftrightarrow\) 3 - 4y + 24 + 6y - y - 27 - 3y = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) -2y = 0
\(\Rightarrow\) y = 0
c)7 - 2x = 22 - 3x
\(\Leftrightarrow\) 7 - 2x - 22 + 3x = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) -15 + x = 0
\(\Rightarrow\) x = 15
d) 8x - 3 = 5x + 12
\(\Leftrightarrow\) 8x - 3 - 5x - 12 = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\)3x -15 = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) 3x = 15
\(\Rightarrow\) x = 5
e) x - 12 + 4x = 25 + 2x - 1
\(\Leftrightarrow\) x - 12 + 4x - 25 - 2x + 1 = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) 3x - 36 = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) 3x = 36
\(\Rightarrow\) x = 12
f ) x + 2x + 3x - 19 = 3x + 5
\(\Leftrightarrow\) x + 2x + 3x - 19 - 3x - 5 = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\)3x - 24 = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) 3x = 24
\(\Rightarrow\) x = 8
g) 11+ 8x - 3 = 5x - 3 +x
\(\Leftrightarrow\)8x + 8 = 6x - 3
\(\Leftrightarrow\)8x - 6x = -3 - 8
\(\Leftrightarrow\)2x = -11
\(\Rightarrow\)x = \(-\frac{11}{2}\)
h) 4 - 2x +15 = 9x + 4 -2
\(\Leftrightarrow\)19 - 2x = 7x + 4
\(\Leftrightarrow\)-2x - 7x = 4 - 19
\(\Leftrightarrow\)-9x = -15
\(\Rightarrow\)x = \(\frac{15}{9}\) = \(\frac{5}{3}\)
Bài 1:
a: \(A=3\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+2\left(x^2-9\right)-\left(4x^2+12x+9\right)-5+20x\)
\(=3x^2-6x+3-x^2-2x-1+2x^2-18-\left(4x^2+12x+9\right)-5+20x\)
\(=4x^2-8x-16-5+20x-4x^2-12x-9\)
\(=-30\)
b: \(B=5x\left(x^2-49\right)-x\left(4x^2-4x+1\right)-\left(x^3+4x^2-246x\right)-175\)
\(=5x^3-245x-4x^3+4x^2-x-x^3-4x^2+246x-175\)
\(=-175\)
d: \(D=25x^2-20x+4-36x^2-12x-1+11\left(x^2-4\right)-48+32x\)
\(=-11x^2-32x+3-48+32x+11x^2-44\)
=-89
a) \(xy+1-x-y\)
\(=x\left(y-1\right)-\left(y-1\right)\)
\(=\left(y-1\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
b) \(ax+ay-3x-3y\)
\(=a\left(x+y\right)-3\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(a-3\right)\)
c) \(x^3-2x^2+2x-4\)
\(=x^2\left(x-2\right)+2\left(x-2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+2\right)\)
d) \(x^2+ab+ax+bx\)
\(=x\left(b+x\right)+a\left(b+x\right)\)
\(=\left(b+x\right)\left(a+x\right)\)
e) \(16-x^2+2xy-y^2\)
\(=16-\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=4^2-\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(4-x+y\right)\left(4+x-y\right)\)
f) \(ax^2+ax-bx^2-bx-a+b\)
\(=\left(ax^2+ax-a\right)-\left(bx^2+bx-b\right)\)
\(=a\left(x^2+x-1\right)-b\left(x^2+x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+x-1\right)\left(a-b\right)\)
a) \(x^2+4x+4=\left(x+2\right)^2\)
b) \(x^2-8x+16=\left(x-4\right)^2\)
c) \(\left(x+5\right)\left(x-5\right)=x^2-25\)
d) \(x^2+2x+1=\left(x+1\right)^2\)
e) \(4x^2-9=\left(2x-3\right)\left(2x+3\right)\)
f) \(\left(2x+3y\right)^2+2\left(2x+3y\right)+1=\left(2x+3y+1\right)^2\)
g) \(\left(2+bx^2\right)\left(bx^2-2\right)=\left(bx^2+2\right)\left(bx^2-2\right)=\left(bx^2\right)^2-4=b^2x^4-4\)