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a) \(A=4x^2-12x+100=\left(2x\right)^2-12x+3^2+91=\left(2x-3\right)^2+91\)
Ta có: \(\left(2x-3\right)^2\ge0\forall x\inℤ\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2x-3\right)^2+91\ge91\)
hay A \(\ge91\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\left(2x-3\right)^2=0\)
<=> 2x-3=0
<=> 2x=3
<=> \(x=\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy Min A=91 đạt được khi \(x=\frac{3}{2}\)
b) \(B=-x^2-x+1=-\left(x^2+x-1\right)=-\left(x^2+x+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{5}{4}\right)=-\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{5}{4}\)
Ta có: \(-\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\le0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow-\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{5}{4}\le\frac{5}{4}\) hay B\(\le\frac{5}{4}\)
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow-\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+\frac{1}{2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-1}{2}\)
Vậy Max B=\(\frac{5}{4}\)đạt được khi \(x=\frac{-1}{2}\)
\(C=2x^2+2xy+y^2-2x+2y+2\)
\(C=x^2+2x\left(y-1\right)+\left(y-1\right)^2+x^2+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow C=\left(x+y-1\right)^2+x^2+1\)
Ta có:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+y-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x;y\inℤ\\x^2\ge0\forall x\inℤ\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y-1\right)^2+x^2+1\ge1\)
hay C\(\ge\)1
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+y-1\right)^2=0\\x^2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=1\\x=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}y=1\\x=0\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy Min C=1 đạt được khi y=1 và x=0
Ta có :
\(x^2+y^2+2x+2y+2xy+5\)
\(=\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+2\left(x+y\right)+5\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^2+2\left(x+y\right)+5\)
Đặt x+y=a
Biểu thức trở thành :
\(a^2+2a+5\)
\(=a^2+2a+1+4\)
\(=\left(a+1\right)^2+4\)
Vì \(\left(a+1\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+1\right)^2+4\ge4\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi a + 1 = 0
<=> x+y+1=0
Vậy biểu thức đạt giá trị nhỏ nhất là 4 khi x + y + 1 = 0
Ta có A = (3x + 2)2 + (x2 + y2 - 2xy) - (2x - 2y) + 2015
= (3x + 2)2 + (x - y)2 - 2(x - y) + 1 + 2014
= (3x + 2)2 + (x - y - 1)2 + 2014 \(\ge\)2014
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}3x+2=0\\x-y-1=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-\frac{2}{3}\\y=x-1\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-\frac{2}{3}\\y=-\frac{5}{3}\end{cases}}\)
Vậy Min A = 2015 <=> x = -2/3 ; y = -5/3
\(A=\left(3x+2\right)^2+x^2+y^2-2xy-2x+2y+2015\)
\(=\left(3x+2\right)^2+\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-\left(2x-2y\right)+1+2014\)
\(=\left(3x+2\right)^2+\left(x-y\right)^2-2\left(x-y\right)+1+2014\)
\(=\left(3x+2\right)^2+\left(x-y-1\right)^2+2014\)
Vì \(\left(3x+2\right)^2\ge0\forall x\); \(\left(x-y-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3x+2\right)^2+\left(x-y-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3x+2\right)^2+\left(x-y-1\right)^2+2014\ge2014\forall x,y\)
hay \(A\ge2014\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}3x+2=0\\x-y-1=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}3x=-2\\y=x-1\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{-2}{3}\\y=\frac{-5}{3}\end{cases}}\)
Vậy \(minA=2014\)\(\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{2}{3}\)và \(y=-\frac{5}{3}\)
Theo bài ra , ta có :
\(A=2x^2+y^2+2xy-6x-2y+10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=y^2+2xy+x^2-2y-2x+1+x^2-4x+4+5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\left(y+x\right)^2-2\left(x+y\right)+1+\left(x-2\right)^2+5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\left(y+x-1\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)^2+5\)
Vì \(\left(y+x-1\right)^2\ge0\forall y,x\)
\(\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(y+x-1\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(y+x-1\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)^2+5\ge5\forall x,y\)
\(\Rightarrow min_A=5\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(\left\{\begin{matrix}y+x-1=0\\x-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}y+x=1\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}y=-1\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy giá trị nhỏ nhất của A = 5 khi và chỉ khi y = -1 và x =2
Chúc bạn học tốt =))
\(A=2x^2+y^2+2xy-6x-2y+10\)
\(=\left(\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)-2\left(x+y\right)+1\right)+\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+5\)
\(=\left(x+y-1\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)^2+5\ge5\)
Vậy GTNN là A = 5 khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\y=-1\end{cases}}\)
Ta có:
A = 2x2 + 2xy + y2 - 2x + 2y + 2
A = (x2 + 2xy + y2) + 2(x + y) + 1 + (x2 - 4x + 4) - 3
A = (x + y)2 + 2(x + y) + 1 + (x - 2)2 - 3
A = (x + y + 1)2 + (x - 2)2 - 3 \(\ge\)-3 \(\forall\)x
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y+1=0\\x-2=0\end{cases}}\) <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}y=-x-1\\x=2\end{cases}}\) <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}y=-2-1=-3\\x=2\end{cases}}\)
Vậy MinA = -3 <=> x = 2 và y = -3
\(2x^2+2xy+y^2-2x+2y+\)\(2\)
\(=\left(x^2+y^2+1+2xy+2x+2y\right)+\left(x^2-4x+2\right)-1\)
\(=\left(x+y+1\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)^2-1\)
Ta thấy \(\left(x+y+1\right)^2\ge0\) \(\forall x,y\)
\(\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0\) \(\forall x\)
=> \(\left(x+y+1\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0\) \(\forall x,y\)
=> \(\left(x+y+1\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)^2-1\ge-1\)
hay \(A\ge-1\)
\(MinA=-1\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y+1=0\\x-2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\y=-3\end{cases}}}\)
Bài 1
a)\(=x^2+2.x.\frac{3}{2}+\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)^2-\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+2\)
\(=\left(x+\frac{3}{2}\right)^2-\frac{1}{4}\ge-\frac{1}{4}\)
MIN = \(-\frac{1}{4}\)khi \(x+\frac{3}{2}=0\Rightarrow x=-\frac{3}{2}\)
\(A=2x^2+y^2-2xy+4x+2y+5\)
\(A=\left(x^2+6x+9\right)+\left(y^2-2xy-2y+x^2-2x+1\right)-5\)
\(A=\left(x^2+6x+9\right)+\left[y^2-2y\left(x-1\right)+\left(x^2-2x+1\right)\right]-5\)
\(A=\left(x^2+6x+9\right)+\left[y^2-2y\left(x-1\right)+\left(x-1\right)^2\right]-5\)
\(A=\left(x+3\right)^2+\left(y-x+1\right)^2-5\ge-5\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=-3 và y=-4
\(A=2x^2+y^2-2xy+4x+2y+5\)
=> \(A=y^2-2y\left(x-1\right)+\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(x-1\right)^2+2x^2+4x+5\)
=> \(A=\left(y-x+1\right)^2-x^2+2x-1+2x^2+4x+5\)
=> \(A=\left(y-x+1\right)^2-x^2+6x+4\)
=> \(A=\left(y-x+1\right)^2-\left(x^2-2.x.3+9\right)+13\)
=> \(A=\left(y-x+1\right)^2-\left(x-3\right)^2+13\)
Có \(\left(y-x+1\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\left(x-3\right)^2\ge0\)
=> \(\left(y-x+1\right)^2-\left(x-3\right)^2+13\ge13\)
=> \(A\ge13\)
Vậy Amin = 13 <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}y-x+1=0\\x-3=0\end{cases}}\)
<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=3\\y=2\end{cases}}\)
\(D=2x^2+2xy+y^2-2x+2y+2\)
\(=\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+2\left(x+y\right)+1+x^2-4x+1\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^2+2\left(x+y\right)+1+\left(x^2-4x+4\right)-3\)
\(=\left(x+y+1\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)^2-3\)
Ta thấy : \(\left(x+y+1\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+1\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)^2-3\ge-3\forall x,y\)
hay : \(D\ge-3\forall x,y\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+y+1\right)^2=0\\\left(x-2\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y=1\\x=2\end{cases}}\)
Vậy : min \(D=-3\) tại \(x=1,y=2\)
Đạt sai ở chỗ dấu bằng xảy ra nhé em!
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+y+1\right)^2=0\\\left(x-2\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y=-3\\x=2\end{cases}}\)