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a/ \(\frac{A}{2}+\left(\frac{B}{2}+\frac{C}{2}\right)=90^0\)
\(\Rightarrow sin\frac{A}{2}=cos\left(\frac{B}{2}+\frac{C}{2}\right)=cos\frac{B}{2}cos\frac{C}{2}-sin\frac{B}{2}.sin\frac{C}{2}\)
b/ \(\frac{tan^2A-tan^2B}{1-tan^2A.tan^2B}=\frac{\left(tanA-tanB\right)}{\left(1+tanA.tanB\right)}.\frac{\left(tanA+tanB\right)}{\left(1-tanA.tanB\right)}=tan\left(A-B\right).tan\left(A+B\right)\)
\(=tan\left(A-B\right).tan\left(180^0-C\right)=-tan\left(A-B\right).tanC\)
c/
\(A+B+C=180^0\Rightarrow cot\left(A+B\right)=-cotC\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{cotA.cotB-1}{cotA+cotB}=-cotC\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cotA.cotB-1=-cotA.cotC-cotB.cotC\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cotA.cotB+cotB.cotC+cotA.cotC=1\)
f/
\(sin2A+sin2B+sin2C=2sin\left(A+B\right).cos\left(A-B\right)+2sinC.cosC\)
\(=2sinC.cos\left(A-B\right)+2sinC.cosC\)
\(=2sinC\left(cos\left(A-B\right)+cosC\right)\)
\(=2sinC\left[cos\left(A-B\right)-cos\left(A+B\right)\right]\)
\(=4sinC.sinA.sinB\)
g/
\(cos^2A+cos^2B+cos^2C=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}cos2A+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}cos2B+cos^2C\)
\(=1+\frac{1}{2}\left(cos2A+cos2B\right)+cos^2C\)
\(=1+cos\left(A+B\right).cos\left(A-B\right)+cos^2C\)
\(=1-cosC.cos\left(A-B\right)+cos^2C\)
\(=1-cosC\left(cos\left(A-B\right)-cosC\right)\)
\(=1-cosC\left[cos\left(A-B\right)+cos\left(A+B\right)\right]\)
\(=1-2cosC.cosA.cosB\)
d/ \(sinA+sinB+sinC=2sin\frac{A+B}{2}cos\frac{A-B}{2}+2sin\frac{C}{2}.cos\frac{C}{2}\)
\(=2cos\frac{C}{2}.cos\frac{A-B}{2}+2sin\frac{C}{2}.cos\frac{C}{2}\)
\(=2cos\frac{C}{2}\left(cos\frac{A-B}{2}+sin\frac{C}{2}\right)\)
\(=2cos\frac{C}{2}\left(cos\frac{A-B}{2}+cos\frac{A+B}{2}\right)\)
\(=4cos\frac{C}{2}.cos\frac{A}{2}.cos\frac{B}{2}\)
e/
\(cosA+cosB+cosC=2cos\frac{A+B}{2}cos\frac{A-B}{2}+1-2sin^2\frac{C}{2}\)
\(=1+2sin\frac{C}{2}.cos\frac{A-B}{2}-2sin^2\frac{C}{2}\)
\(=1+2sin\frac{C}{2}\left(cos\frac{A-B}{2}-sin\frac{C}{2}\right)\)
\(=1+2sin\frac{C}{2}\left(cos\frac{A-B}{2}-cos\frac{A+B}{2}\right)\)
\(=1+4sin\frac{C}{2}.sin\frac{A}{2}sin\frac{B}{2}\)
\(cos^4a+sin^4a-6sin^2a.cos^2a\)
\(=cos^4a+sin^4a-2sin^2a.cos^2a-4sin^2a.cos^2a\)
\(=\left(cos^2a-sin^2a\right)^2-\left(2sina.cosa\right)^2\)
\(=cos^22a-sin^22a\)
\(=cos4a\)
Ta có: \(cot\left(2^kx\right)+\frac{1}{sin\left(2^kx\right)}=\frac{cos\left(2^kx\right)+1}{sin\left(2^kx\right)}=\frac{cos2\left(2^{k-1}x\right)+1}{sin2\left(2^{k-1}x\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2cos^2\left(2^{k-1}x\right)-1+1}{2sin\left(2^{k-1}x\right).cos\left(2^{k-1}x\right)}=\frac{cos\left(2^{k-1}x\right)}{sin\left(2^{k-1}x\right)}=cot\left(2^{k-1}x\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{sin\left(2^kx\right)}=cot\left(2^{k-1}x\right)-cot\left(2^kx\right)\)
Lần lượt cho \(k\) chạy từ \(0\) đến \(2018\) ta được:
\(\frac{1}{sinx}=cot\left(\frac{x}{2}\right)-cotx\)
\(\frac{1}{sin2x}=cotx-cot2x\)
\(\frac{1}{sin4x}=cot2x-cot4x\)
\(\frac{1}{sin8x}=cot4x-cot8x\)
.....
\(\frac{1}{sin\left(2^{2018}x\right)}=cot\left(2^{2017}x\right)-cot\left(2^{2018}x\right)\)
Cộng vế với vế ta được:
\(\frac{1}{sinx}+\frac{1}{sin2x}+\frac{1}{sin4x}+\frac{1}{sin8x}+...+\frac{1}{sin\left(2^{2018}x\right)}=cot\left(\frac{x}{2}\right)-cot\left(2^{2018}x\right)\)
Đáp án B
a/
\(\frac{1}{sinx}+\frac{cosx}{sinx}=\frac{1+cosx}{sinx}=\frac{1+2cos^2\frac{x}{2}-1}{2sin\frac{x}{2}cos\frac{x}{2}}=\frac{2cos^2\frac{x}{2}}{2sin\frac{x}{2}cos\frac{x}{2}}=\frac{cos\frac{x}{2}}{sin\frac{x}{2}}=cot\frac{x}{2}\)
b/
\(\frac{1-cosx}{sinx}=\frac{1-\left(1-2sin^2\frac{x}{2}\right)}{2sin\frac{x}{2}cos\frac{x}{2}}=\frac{2sin^2\frac{x}{2}}{2sin\frac{x}{2}cos\frac{x}{2}}=\frac{sin\frac{x}{2}}{cos\frac{x}{2}}=tan\frac{x}{2}\)
c/
\(tan\frac{x}{2}\left(\frac{1}{cosx}+1\right)=\left(\frac{1-cosx}{sinx}\right)\left(\frac{1}{cosx}+1\right)=\frac{\left(1-cosx\right)\left(1+cosx\right)}{sinx.cosx}=\frac{1-cos^2x}{sinx.cosx}\)
\(=\frac{sin^2x}{sinx.cosx}=\frac{sinx}{cosx}=tanx\)
d/
\(\frac{sin2a}{2cosa\left(1+cosa\right)}=\frac{2sina.cosa}{2cosa\left(1+2cos^2\frac{a}{2}-1\right)}=\frac{sina}{2cos^2\frac{a}{2}}=\frac{2sin\frac{a}{2}cos\frac{a}{2}}{2cos^2\frac{a}{2}}=tan\frac{a}{2}\)
e/
\(cotx+tan\frac{x}{2}=\frac{cosx}{sin}+\frac{1-cosx}{sinx}=\frac{cosx+1-cosx}{sinx}=\frac{1}{sinx}\)
Các câu c, e đều sử dụng kết quả từ câu b
f/
\(3-4cos2x+cos4x=3-4cos2x+2cos^22x-1\)
\(=2cos^22x-4cos2x+2=2\left(cos^22x-2cos2x+1\right)\)
\(=2\left(cos2x-1\right)^2=2\left(1-2sin^2x-1\right)^2\)
\(=2.\left(-2sin^2x\right)^2=8sin^4x\)
g/
\(\frac{1-cosx}{sinx}=\frac{sinx\left(1-cosx\right)}{sin^2x}=\frac{sinx\left(1-cosx\right)}{1-cos^2x}=\frac{sinx\left(1-cosx\right)}{\left(1-cosx\right)\left(1+cosx\right)}=\frac{sinx}{1+cosx}\)
h/
\(sinx+cosx=\sqrt{2}\left(sinx.\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}+cosx.\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\right)\)
\(=\sqrt{2}\left(sinx.cos\frac{\pi}{4}+cosx.sin\frac{\pi}{4}\right)=\sqrt{2}sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{4}\right)\)
i/
\(sinx-cosx=\sqrt{2}\left(sinx.\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}-cosx.\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\right)\)
\(=\sqrt{2}\left(sinx.cos\frac{\pi}{4}-cosx.sin\frac{\pi}{4}\right)=\sqrt{2}sin\left(x-\frac{\pi}{4}\right)\)
j/
\(cosx-sinx=\sqrt{2}\left(cosx.\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}-sinx\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\right)\)
\(=\sqrt{2}\left(cosx.cos\frac{\pi}{4}-sinx.sin\frac{\pi}{4}\right)=\sqrt{2}cos\left(x+\frac{\pi}{4}\right)\)
\(A+B+C=180^0\Rightarrow\frac{A}{2}+\frac{B}{2}+\frac{C}{2}=90^0\Rightarrow\frac{A}{2}+\frac{B}{2}=90^0-\frac{C}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow tan\left(\frac{A}{2}+\frac{B}{2}\right)=tan\left(90^0-\frac{C}{2}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{tan\frac{A}{2}+tan\frac{B}{2}}{1-tan\frac{A}{2}.tan\frac{B}{2}}=cot\frac{C}{2}=\frac{1}{tan\frac{C}{2}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow tan\frac{C}{2}\left(tan\frac{A}{2}+tan\frac{B}{2}\right)=1-tan\frac{A}{2}.tan\frac{B}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow tan\frac{A}{2}tan\frac{C}{2}+tan\frac{B}{2}tan\frac{C}{2}+tan\frac{A}{2}.tan\frac{B}{2}=1\)
b/\(A+B+C=180^0\Rightarrow A+B=180^0-C\)
\(\Rightarrow cot\left(A+B\right)=cot\left(180^0-C\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{cotA.cotB-1}{cotA+cotB}=-cotC\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cotA.cotB-1=-cotA.cotC-cotB.cotC\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cotA.cotB+cotB.cotC+cotA.cotC=1\)